• Title/Summary/Keyword: load-balanced

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A Load Balanced Clustering Model for Energy Efficient Packet Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks (무선 센서 네트워크에서 에너지 효율적 패킷 전송을 위한 부하 균형 클러스터링 모델)

  • Lee, Jae-Hee;Kim, Byung-Ki;Kang, Seong-Ho
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.4 no.12
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    • pp.409-414
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    • 2015
  • The energy conservation is the most important subject for long run operation of the sensor nodes with limited power resources. Clustering is one of most energy efficient technique to grouped the sensor nodes into distinct cluster. But, in a cluster based WSN, CHs and gateways bear an extra work load to send the processed data to the sink. The inappropriate cluster formation may cause gateways overloaded and may increase latency in communication. In this paper, we propose a novel load balanced clustering model for improving energy efficiency and giving a guarantee of long network lifetime. We show the result of performance measurement experiments that designs using a branch and bound algorithm and a multi-start local search algorithm to compare with the existing load balanced clustering model.

Dynamic Load-Balancing Algorithm Incorporating Flow Distributions and Service Levels for an AOPS Node

  • Zhang, Fuding;Zhou, Xu;Sun, Xiaohan
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.466-471
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    • 2014
  • An asynchronous optical packet-switching (AOPS) node with load-balancing capability can achieve better performance in reducing the high packet-loss ratio (PLR) and time delay caused by unbalanced traffic. This paper proposes a novel dynamic load-balancing algorithm for an AOPS node with limited buffer and without wavelength converters, and considering the data flow distribution and service levels. By calculating the occupancy state of the output ports, load state of the input ports, and priorities for data flow, the traffic is balanced accordingly. Simulations demonstrate that asynchronous variant data packets and output traffic can be automatically balanced according to service levels and the data flow distribution. A PLR of less than 0.01% can be achieved, as well as an average time delay of less than 0.46 ns.

Long-term behavior of segmentally-erected prestressed concrete box-girder bridges

  • Hedjazi, S.;Rahai, A.;Sennah, K.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.673-693
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    • 2005
  • A general step-by-step simulation for the time-dependent analysis of segmentally-erected prestressed concrete box-girder bridges is presented. A three dimensional finite-element model for the balanced-cantilever construction of segmental bridges, including effects of the load history, material nonlinearity, creep, shrinkage, and aging of concrete and the relaxation of prestressing steel was developed using ABAQUS software. The models included three-dimensional shell elements to model the box-girder walls and Rebar elements representing the prestressing tendons. The step-by-step procedure allows simulating the construction stages, effects of time-dependent deformations of materials and changes in the structural system of the bridges. The structural responses during construction and throughout the service life were traced. A comparison of the developed computer simulation with available experimental results was conducted and good agreement was found. Deflection of the bridge deck, changes in stresses and strains and the redistribution of internal forces were calculated for different examples of bridges, built by the balanced-cantilever method, over thirty-year duration. Significant time-dependent effects on the bridge deflections and redistribution of internal forces and stresses were observed. The ultimate load carrying capacities of the bridges and the behavior before collapse were also determined. It was observed that the ultimate load carrying capacity of such bridges decreases with time as a result of time-dependent effects.

Design of the 10MHz and 10W Power Source for Short Distance Wireless Power Transmission (근거리 무선 전력 전송을 위한 평형 증폭기 구조의 10MHz 10W급 전력원 설계)

  • Park, Dong-Hoon;Kim, Gui-Sung;Lim, Eun-Cheon;Park, Hye-Mi;Lee, Moon-Que
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.61 no.3
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    • pp.437-441
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we have designed and manufactured 10MHz power source for the application of short distance wireless power transmission. The designed power source consists of a DDS(direct digital synthesizer) signal generator, a buffer driver and a balanced power amplifier. Short range wireless power transmission is usually carried out by near-field inductive coupling between source and load. The distance variation between source and load gives rise to the change of load impedance of power amplifier, which has effect on the operation of power amplifier. To overcome this problem due to load variation of power amplifier, we have adopted the balanced power amplifier using the quadrature hybrid implemented by lumped capacitors and a mutually coupled coil. The experiment results show the above 40dBm output power, frequency range of 9 to 11MHz, and total DC power consumption of 36W.

End-to-end Reliable Message Transmission Considering Load Balancing in Wireless Networks

  • Tran, Anh Tai;Kim, Myung Kyun
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.8 no.9
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    • pp.3094-3109
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    • 2014
  • This paper proposes a load balanced reliable routing protocol called LBR (Load Balanced Reliable routing) in wireless networks. The LBR protocol transmits messages through a reliable path considering the balancing of the traffic load. Recently, the authors have proposed a multipath-based reliable routing protocol called MRFR, which is an appealing protocol for fault tolerant reliable data transmission. However, However, MRFR has no concern with the problem of load balancing, which results in increasing congestion and consuming high energy at some network nodes. As a result, the problem affects negatively the performance of the network. Taking account of load balancing as a route selection criteria can avoid routing through the congested nodes and allows to find better routes. In this paper, we extend MRFR by considering load balancing in the route discovery process of reliable communication. The simulation results showed that the proposed protocol outperforms AODV in terms of end-to-end delay, packet delivery radio, and average jitter. Compared to MRFR, the LBR protocol has the same packet delivery ratio, and obtains a better efficiency of load balancing.

Neutral Line Current Analysis in Three-phase Nonlinear Load Condition (3상 비선형 부하시 중성선 전류 해석)

  • Min, W.K.;Kim, N.O.;Kim, B.C.;Chun, H.S.;Shin, S.D.;Kim, H.G.;Min, J.K.;Choi, J.H.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2008.11b
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    • pp.109-109
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    • 2008
  • Neutral line current is analyzed by the neutral line CF in nonlinear load balanced and unbalanced conditions. The worst nonlinear load condition is nonlinear balanced load condition. and It is below CFNL=1.194 that a neutral line current could not excess the rated value.

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A Study on the Optimum Design of Balanced CMOS Complementary Folded Cascode OP-AMP (Balanced CMOS Complementary Folded Cascode OP-AMP의 최적설계에 관한 연구)

  • Woo, Young-Shin;Bae, Won-Il;Choi, Jae-Wook;Sung, Man-Young
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1995.07c
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    • pp.1108-1110
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    • 1995
  • This paper presents a balanced CMOS complementary folded cascode OP-AMP topology that achieves improved DC gain using the gain boosting technique, a high unity-gain frequency and improved slew rate using the CMOS complementary cascode structure and a high PSRR using the balanced output stage. Bode-plot measurements of a balanced CMOS complementary folded cascode OP-AMP show a DC gain of 80dB, a unity-gain frequency of 110MHz and a slew rate of $274V/{\mu}s$(1pF load). This balanced CMOS complementary folded cascode OP-AMP is well suited for high frequency analog signal processing applications.

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Hopping Routing Scheme to Resolve the Hot Spot Problem of Periodic Monitoring Services in Wireless Sensor Networks (주기적 모니터링 센서 네트워크에서 핫 스팟 문제 해결을 위한 호핑 라우팅 기법)

  • Heo, Seok-Yeol;Lee, Wan-Jik;Jang, Seong-Sik;Byun, Tae-Young;Lee, Won-Yeol
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.9
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    • pp.2340-2349
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    • 2009
  • In this paper we proposed a hopping routing scheme to resolve the hot spot problem for periodic monitoring services in wireless sensor networks. Our hopping routing scheme constructs load balanced routing path, where an amount of energy consumption of all nodes in the sensor networks is predictable. Load balanced routing paths can be obtained from horizontal hopping transmission scheme which balances the load of the sensor nodes in the same area, and also from vertical hopping transmission scheme which balances the load of the sensor nodes in the other area. The direct transmission count numbers as load balancing parameter for vertical hopping transmission are derived using the energy consumption model of the sensor nodes. The experimental results show that the proposed hopping scheme resolves the hot spot problem effectively. The efficiency of hopping routing scheme is also shown by comparison with other routing scheme such as multi-hop, direct transmission and clustering.

Implementation and Fault-tolerance Tests of Load Balanced and Duplicated Active-Active Web Servers (로드 밸런싱 Active-Active 방식의 웹 서버 이중화 구축 및 결함내성 시험)

  • Choi, Jae-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2014
  • In this paper we researched on the Duplication Techniques for Active-Active Web Servers. Rsync and crontab utilities make copy periodically between web servers and maintain the same status. Load Balancing Server makes web servers load balanced and fast servicing by executing web servers alternatively. Even though one web server stops due to some critical errors, the remaining web server can take over and provide services continuously.

A Novel Globally Adaptive Load-Balanced Routing Algorithm for Torus Interconnection Networks

  • Wang, Hong;Xu, Du;Li, Lemin
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.405-407
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    • 2007
  • A globally adaptive load-balanced routing algorithm for torus interconnection networks is proposed. Unlike previously published algorithms, this algorithm employs a new scheme based on collision detection to handle deadlock, and has higher routing adaptability than previous algorithms. Simulation results show that our algorithm outperforms previous algorithms by 16% on benign traffic patterns, and by 10% to 21% on adversarial traffic patterns.

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