• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.198-206
• /
• 1996

Adhesive membranes in the oocvtes of four loach fishes of Korea were investigated by light and electron microscopes to clarify the structural characteristics among the species. In the vitellosenic stage the adhesive membranes of oocvtes could be classified into two forms as follows: 1) fence-shaped form of Nemacheilus yoni and 2) non-adhesive membranous form of Misgurnus anguillicoudotus, M. Mizolepis, and Lefuo costuto. The adhesive membranes of oocvtes in the loach fishes showed a species specificity with reference to their habitats and spawning properties.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.287-290
• /
• 2009

A natural hybrid between the striped spine loach Cobitis tetralineata and the king spine loach Iksookimia longicorpa was genetically identified by sequence analyses of nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) genes. Out of 850 base positions of RAG1, a total of 23 nucleotide substitutions were detected between the two parental species, whereas the electropherogram of the natural hybrid displayed double peaks at all of the 23 positions, which reflects their simple Mendelian inheritance pattern. Meanwhile, comparison of partial sequences of mitochondrial genes (COI in this study), which are well characterized by the maternal inheritance pattern, revealed that the maternal species of the hybrid was C. tetralineata because of their 100% sequence identity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.296-300
• /
• 1985

This study was carried out to obtain an information for the nutritional value of loach Misgurnus mizolepis, as proximate compositions, contribution of nitrogen, amino acids, three lipid classes and their fatty acid compositions. In total nitrogen contents, protein-N was 81.3% and free amino-N was 15.2%. In amino acid compositions of loach, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and aspartic acid were the main amino acids in quantity. Total lipids of loach consisted of 57.85% of neutral lipids, 15.95% of glycolipids and 26.20.% of phospholipids. In the neutral lipids, the major fatty acids were palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid. The fatty acid composition in the glycolipids was similar to the pattern in tho neutral lipid, but phospholipids contained higher contents of palmitic acid, oleic acid and arachidonic acid than other lipid classes.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.371-376
• /
• 2013

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for the growth of juvenile muddy loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Eight experimental diets (designated as P20L7, P20L14, P30L7, P30L14, P40L7, P40L14, P50L7 and P50L14) were formulated to contain 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% protein with 7% and 14% lipid. Three replicate groups of muddy loach (1.5 g/fish) were fed one of the experimental diets ad libitum for 8 weeks. Survival of fish fed the P20L14 diet was lower than in other groups (P<0.05). Specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) of fish were affected by dietary protein (P<0.05) and lipid (P<0.005) levels. SGR and FE of fish tended to decrease with increasing dietary lipid level at the same protein level. There were no significant differences in SGR and FE among fish fed diets containing different protein levels ranging from 30% to 50% with the same lipid level. Whole body moisture and lipid contents were affected by dietary protein and lipid levels. Crude lipid content of fish fed the 14% lipid diets was higher than that of fish fed 7% lipid diets at each protein level. The results of this study indicate that a diet containing 30% protein with 7% lipid would be suitable for the optimum growth and effective feed utilization of juvenile muddy loach.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.41-54
• /
• 1994

In order to evaluate the availability of lacZ as a reporter gene for producing transgenic mud loach, foreign DNA, bacterial \beta-galactosidase$ gene (lacZ) was microinjected into mud loach eggs and its insertion and expression were examined. X-gal based histochemical assay, fluorimetric analysis of \beta-galactosidase$ with 4-methylumbelliferyl-$\beta$-D-galactoside (MUG) and molecular biological examination using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), dot blot, southern blot and sequence analysis of PCR products were carried out to analyze both microinjected group and non-injected controls. The results are disccussed in this paper.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.117-123
• /
• 1988

This study was initiated to understand the mechanism of selective toxicity of diazinon and carbofuran to killifish and loach. Conventional LC50 was calculated from fish test. IC50 with acetylcholinesterase activity was estimated using whole body and wet brain homogenate of the two fish species. Acetylcholinesterase activity of killifish was approximately twice as high as that of loach. The selective toxicity of diazinon to killifish and loach was partly (14 : 4) explained by the IC50 of diazoxon, a toxic metabolite of diazinon. IC50 of carbofuran also partly (14 : 3.4) contributed to the selectivity. These result suggested that the enzymatic method might be utilized as a screening tool for the chemicals affecting fish species of environmental concern with certain limitations which should be overcome in future studies.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2004

In late summer of 2001, a new disease "overturn disease" occurred among mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) cultured in a farm Chonbuk Province. The fish exhibited a lethargic, erratic and spiral swimming at the water surface. Affected fish showed swollen abdomen with accumulation of air bubbles in the intestinal canal. The bubbles were much larger in the anterior part than in the posterior part. Hematological and histopathological examinations were done. No significant differences were found in RBC count, Ht value and Hb concentration between the diseased and the healthy fish. Gill filaments showed proximal hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusing of the gill lamella. Hemorrhage and necrosis occurred in the intestinal epithelia and within the lamina propria, and the mucosal epithelia were separated from the muscularis. Hepatocytes underwent atrophy. In the fish experimentally tied between the annal fin and the anus by a thread to confirm accumulation of air bubbles within intestine, accumulation of air bubbles was confirmed. This disease in mud loach appeared to be induced by circulatory disturbances in the intestinal wall owing to accumulation of air bubbles in the alimentary canal after fed high protein diet throughout all culturing period.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2020

This article selected a feature film (1993) of Ken Loach who is widely known as 'Socialist Realism Film' director and attempted to explore the thesis of everyday (life) and alienation in daily space. To this end, major theories related to everyday life, dailiness, social space, daily space, alienation, and especially Henri Lefevre's discussions were used as the theoretical background and research methodology. According to the results, director Ken Loach presents the possibility of transformation of everyday life by criticizing the ills of capitalism that occur in public social spaces such as vacant lots and parking lots in and private daily spaces such as homes. It also emphasizes the reality that the alienation of the working class, which has no choice but to be exposed 'stone rain', is taken for granted and the paradox that the alienation from such reality can be achieved in everyday life. These research findings can be said to mean that the social space of everyday life is the basis for changing the dailiness of everyday life.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.321-327
• /
• 1997

High Temperature-cooking conditions of cultured fishes(loach, crucian carp, bastard halibut, and jacopever) were optimized by response surface methodology(RSM), and plastein products were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis. Four models were proposed with regard to effects of time(t), temperature(T), and water/fish meat (w/f) ratio on the amount of 0.3M TCA soluble fractions. The model coefficients were ranged from p<0.0001 for jacopever to p<0.0433 for bastared halibut. Cooking conditions for 60% hydrolysis were optimized at 1) 14$0^{\circ}C$ except for crucian carp(136$^{\circ}C$); 2) 10.08 hours(loach), 7.25 hours(crucian carp), 9.85 hours(ba-stard harlibut), and 9.37 hours(iacopever); 3) 1:1(w/f) ratio except for the crucian carp(1.1:1). When protein hydrolyzates were employed for the plastein synthesis, optimum plastein-reaction conditions were determined to be pH 9.0 with chymotrypsin for the loach and crucian carp hydrolyzates, pH 9.0 with papain for the bastard halibut hydrolyzate, and pH 11.0 with trypsin for the jacopever hydrolyzate. Plastein reaction could be performed in water at concentration up to 20%(w/f).

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1993

A tetraploid cyprinid loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was induced by applying heat shock. The efficiency of inductions changed with the time of initiation of treatment and the duration of treatment. The highest incidence of tetraploid was obtained at the treatment of $41^{\circ}C$ for 3 min, 28 min after fertilization. Ploidy level was estimated by kariological examination and flow cytometric analysis. The tetraploid cyprinid loach had 4n = 100 chromosomes, while the diploid had 2n = 50. The erythrocytic volume of the tetraploid was 1.65 times larger than that of the diploid. The DNA content of the tetraploid and diploid showed 6.547 pg/cell and 3.067 pg/cell, respectively.