• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 2011

In Korea, there are a couple of risk assessment organizations: The Animal Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency(QIA) and the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The major food laws include the Food Sanitation Act (FSA), the Livestock Product Processing Act (LPPA), and the Agricultural Products Quality Control Act (APQCA). Milk and dairy products are mostly controlled by the Food Sanitation Act and the Livestock Product Processing Act. This study was carried out to estimate the current standard methods of foodborne pathogens for dairy products, comparing the Livestock Products Processing Act with the Food Sanitation Act. The standard methods of foodborne pathogens for dairy products are composed by growth culture, isolation culture, and identification, however, standard methods of QIA and KFDA are different at the using of medium and inspection stage. Therefore, consolidation of risk management and risk assessment methods are regarded important to provide safe dairy products to consumer.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.421-428
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• 2005

Insufficiency of special knowledge and construction cost makes it difficult in build a customized-feed service system in the agricultural and livestock industry In this paper, customized-feed service system was developed in the internet service environment by using digital information and technology as a grafted system. This system has a couple of advantages like economic feed supply and effective management of feed production cost which make it possible to establish a customized-feed database suitable for the working environment in the agricultural and livestock industry. And this system is expected as a solution for 21st century digitalized agricultural and livestock industry which make it certain in real time by constructing a network environment and digitalizing the equipment and component related to the farm production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 1998

Relationships of breeding values of sires for first lactation milk yield with pedigree information or indices were examined to identify the optimal criteria of selecting young dairy bulls for future use in artificial insemination (AI). Records of performance data on 1087 crossbred daughters (Holstein - Friesian, Jersey and Brown Swiss with Hariana) of 147 sires, generated at Livestock Production Research (Cattle and Buffaloes) Farm, IVRI, Izatnagar, U.P., during 1972 - 1995 were used to obtain the estimates of sire's breeding values (EBV) using the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction Procedures. The correlations between young bull's EBV and the dam's first lactation milk yield was non-significantly different from zero. However, the young bull's EBV was negatively and significantly related (r = - 0.275 ; P < 0.05) to the dam's best lactation milk yield, suggesting that the selection of young dairy bulls from high yielding elite dams is not a suitable criteria for genetic improvement. The correlations of sire's and paternal grandsire's EBV's with young bull's EBV were high and positive (0.532, 0.844; P < 0.01). The maternal grandsire's EBV was positively but non-significantly related to grandson's EBV. The pedigree index incorporating dam's milk records and sire's EBV's showed a negative and non-significant correlation with young bull's EBV. However, the correlation of a pedigree index $(I_3)$ combining information on sire's and paternal grand-sire's EBV's with young bull's EBV's was considerably high and positive (0.797; P < 0.01). The regression coefficients of young bull's EBV on pedigree index $I_3$, was higher than those on other pedigree information. These results revealed that there was no advantage in basing selection on dam's performance or maternal grand-sire's EBV and that sire's and paternal grandsire's EBV's were reliable pedigree information for selection of young dairy bulls for future use in AI.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.978-1005
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• 2013

In 2010-11 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease, around 3.5 million livestock were slaughtered and buried at more than 4,500 landfill sites. These landfill sites have been managed according to the Domestic Animal Infectious Disease Control Law. However, the control will be removed from December 2013 since the control period is 3 years. That means the sites will be reused without any interference. In this situation, if the buried livestock has not fully resolved and opened to surface, many dangerous happening is expected. This study explores technology and policy measures to meet the expected problems after December 2013. We will suggest the structure of technology for management of landfill sites based on the needs of the sites, and we will analysis Korean patents under this classification. This is the first try in the world because Korean style of landfill is unique. Based on analysis, we will suggest policy recommendations.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2012

Along with global warming, ever intensifying weather events have increased damages to agricultural farms and facilities. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution and regional characteristics of agricultural damages by extreme weather events. Agricultural disaster statistics provided by the National Emergency Management Agency were summed over for a 13-year period from 1998 to 2010 and used for the spatial analysis. Two indices of damage area ration and property damage per unit area were introduced to quantify regional agricultural damages. As the results, farm inundation accounted for the largest area primarily damaged by typhoons with heavy rainfalls. Most property damages to farm lands originated from farm erosion in the alpine regions by localized guerrilla rains. The two major causes of damages to greenhouse and livestock facilities were typhoon with strong wind and winter blizzards. Gangwon was the province of the largest property loss mostly from farm land erosion losses, followed by Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, and Chungnam where losses to greenhouse and livestock facilities were relatively greater. Property loss per unit area was also the greatest for the Gangwon province (4.91 M\/ha), followed by Gyongnam and Chungnam of 2.20 and 1.50 M\/ha, respectively. Unit loss for greenhouse and livestock facilities was 13.3 M\/ha, approximately 13 times greater than that for farm land (1.06 M\/ha). The study findings indicated the importance of reducing highland farm erosion and reinforcing farming facilities structures for agricultural disaster management.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1714-1720
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of stocking density on growth and carcass quality, and behavior of Hanwoo cattle to conform with global trends, targeting animal welfare production through the practice of environmentally friendly condition. Methods: Thirty six steers were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (C: 5 heads, T1: 4 heads, T2: 3 heads) and reared in separate pens with a constant stocking density of $50m^2$ (C: $10m^2/head$, T1: $12.5m^2/head$, T2: $16.67m^2/head$) per group from 12 to 30 month of age. Growth performance, behavior and carcass quality traits of each steer were recorded and compared between the treatment groups. Results: In general, the average daily gain during the fattening period was lower in group T2 than in T1 and the control groups. However, carcass weight and dressing percentage was lower in the control group than in T1 or T2 groups (p<0.05). Also, marbling score at 30 months of age was the lowest in the control group (p<0.05), while the three heads group (T2) had the greatest longissimus muscle area and marbling score (p<0.05). The behavior of walking time was the greatest in T2 group, while self-grooming and fighting occurred with the most frequency in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that the steers in more spacious stocking density had better carcass quality and wellbeing related behaviors, indicating that a lower density has a positive effect on raising management and carcass quality. Thus it is a need to install appropriate pens fitted to welfare-oriented management practices from growing to fattening period in Hanwoo cattle.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1421-1427
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• 2018

Due to the rapid development of Internet-of-Things technology, different types of smart sensors are now devised and deployed widely. These smart sensors are now used in animal husbandry which was traditionally managed by the experience of farmers, such that wearable sensors for livestock, and the smart farm which is equipped with multiple sensors are utilized to increase the efficiency of livestock management. Herein, we consider a scheme in which the body temperature and the level of activity are measured by smart sensor which is attached to the neck of dairy cattle and the health condition is monitored based on collected data. Especially, we find that the estrous of dairy cattle which is one of most important metric in milk production, can be predicted with high precision using various machine learning techniques. By utilizing the proposed prediction scheme, estrous of cattle can be detected immediately and this can improve the efficiency of cattle management.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of policies on water quality management based on the changes in pollutants and water quality in Special Water Preservation Area (SWPA) of Lake Paldang watershed from 1990 to 2016. The population, total sewage and flow rate of wastewater in SWPA continuously increased from 1990 to 2016, while the location of new facilities for industrial and livestock facilities has been restricted. However, unlike the buffer zone in which industrial and livestock facilities were continuously reduced after implementing of TMDL, it was found that the effect of land-use regulations on industrial and livestock facilities in SWPA were mitigated by the increase in the size of large facilities. Since 1999 when the emission standard of public sewage treatment plants (STP) was changed, the water quality of Lake Paldang has increased despite the increase of pollutant source. Since emission standard of STP changed in 2012 (BOD 5 mg/L, TP 0.2 mg/L), BOD concentration in Lake Paldang has also improved to the level of water quality in the early 1990s where as TP concentration has remained at its lowest since 1990. BOD and TP average discharge concentration of 43 STP (${\geq}500m^3/day$) in 2016 have been maintained $1.7{\pm}0.7mg/L$ and $0.06{\pm}0.02mg/L$ respectively. While the discharged load of STP in SWPA was decreased by the concentration management, the contribution rate to the total discharged load of non-point pollutants increased to 70 % in 2015, and the contribution rate to the point discharged load of individual treatment facilities increased to 80 %.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.40-44
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• 2013

• Safe Food
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010