• 노동경제논집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.77-102
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• 2007

본 연구는 불평등도를 측정하는 지표로서 소득과 소비라는 두 변수의 적합성을 비교한다. 일반적으로 불평등도 측정에는 소득이 주로 활용되어 왔으나, 항상소득가설에 의하면 소득보다는 소비가 경제 주체의 복지에 직접적으로 연계된다. 따라서 항상소득가설이 적용되는 경제라면, 복지의 불평등도 측정에 있어서는 소비의 불평등도가 보다 더 적합한 지표라고 할 수 있다. 특히 소득의 변동성이 높을수록 소득 불평등도와 실질적인 복지의 불평등도의 괴리는 확대될 가능성이 높다. 도시가계조사를 통해 우리나라 임금 근로자 가구의 소득과 소비 패턴을 비교한 결과, 항상소득가설이 적용되고 있다고 판단된다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 소비와 소득의 불평등도를 비교한 결과 소비의 불평등도가 훨씬 작은 것으로 추정되었으며, 소비와 소득의 불평등도 지표가 반드시 동일한 방향으로 변화하지 않는다는 결과도 얻어졌다. 따라서 향후 불평등도에 대한 논의에 있어서 소비의 불평등도가 강조될 필요성이 높은 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was performed to provide workplaces with political guidelines that apply international CMRs (Carcinogens, Mutagens, Reproductive toxins) information to Public Notice of TLVs (Threshold Limit Values). We analyzed information supply status about CMRs of international agencies and compared substances for which TLVs are set in KMoEL (Ministry of Employment and Labor in Korea). Methods: We referred to the reliable literature about classification criteria of CMRs corresponding to UN GHS (Globally Harmonized System of classification and Labeling of chemicals) and Public Notice No. 2009-68 'Standard for Classification, Labeling of Chemical Substance and Material Safety Data Sheet' in KMoEL. The classification system of CMRs in professional organizations (IARC, NTP, ACGIH, EU ECHA, KMoEL, etc.) was investigated through the internet and literature. Conclusions: 191 chemical substances among total 650 substances with TLVs are classified as carcinogens. Also, 43 substances classified as mutagens, and 44 as reproductive toxicants. These results suggest that the information of CMRs in Public Notice of TLV will be reorganized to 191 carcinogens, 43 mutagens, and 44 reproductive toxicants.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.536-542
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• 2022

Cost overruns, schedule delays, and a shortage of skilled labor are common problems the construction industry is currently experiencing. Modularization and standardization strategies have the potential to resolve the various problems mentioned above and have been applied for various construction applications for a long time. However, the level of modularization remains low, and modular construction projects have not been getting the full benefits. Thus, this review investigated the cutting-edge technologies currently being utilized to develop the modular construction field. For this paper, qualified research papers were identified using predetermined keywords from previous related research papers. Identified literature was then filtered and analyzed. According to the included reviews, several technologies are being developed for modular construction. For example, automated design and monitoring systems for modularization were developed. In addition, research labs are utilizing robotic arms for modular construction to achieve a high level of completion in the construction industry, as is seen in the manufacturing industry. Despite these efforts, more research and development are necessary because some automation technologies still require manual activities. Thus, there is great potential for further development of modularization techniques, and further research is recommended to achieve high levels of modularization.

• 영어영문학
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1085-1101
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• 2012

This study, guided by Engeström's (1999, 2001) activity theory which owes its theoretical lineage to sociocultural theory, explores how roles (peer feedback givers and receivers) and tasks are distributed among EFL students who engage in peer response. More specifically, as an extension of previous research of focusing on "stances" ESL students adopt, I investigate whether different roles in peer response groups make a difference in the nature of peer response and identify what underlays the different roles in peer group interaction. In addition, I examine whether different roles to the peer response create tensions and contradictions in peer response and how these created conflicts lead to changes in peer response activity system. The data I wish to consider is first-person narratives elicited from two EFL college students. I use Won's and Choi's (both pseudonyms) stories as a heuristic, which is a method that allowing one to proceed fruitfully in finding information. Foregrounded in this study are the students' different roles in the same peer response activity. A division of labor exists between Won/Choi and their peers - the way tasks are divided up and the way roles are structured. Yet Won and Choi adopted rather divergent roles when participating in peer response activity and carried out qualitatively different peer response activities. It is obvious here that the distribution of their roles in carrying out this particular peer response is shaped by Won' and Choi's perception about the validity of their peers' responses.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.17-18
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• 2011

Over the past 20 years, Researchers have tried to develop "Integration Model of Cost and Schedule" in construction industry. They suggested various models and techniques, however, it is still required to develop new methodology for AL Form Work in Public Multi-Housing Projects. Accordingly, this research focused on measuring quantity take-offs of on-going projects and analysing the basic process of using the resources(Labor, Material, Plant) related to cost and time data. There are 3 steps of this research : 1) The literature review of previous studies about Integration Model of Cost and Schedule was conducted. 2) Model for integration between cost and schedule was developed. 3) the accuracy of developed model was verified. The results are expected to improve in integrated managing the cost and schedule data of AL form work.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1995

This study sets a purpose to realize what top managements in companies think as critical success factors of QM, using CSF(Critical Success Factors) method. The methodology of this study consists of literature research and empirical analysis using data collected from interviewing and questionnaire. Medium and small sized manufacturing companies are the subject of this study. Following CSFs of QM are found. (1)Management philosophy of attaching great importance to customer and customer satisfaction. (2)Creation of atmosphere that attach great importance to technology. (3)Philosophy of honesty and faithfulness. (4)Positive thinking and creation of atmosphere that help with each other. (5)Rearmament of entrepreneur spirit. (6)Need on recognition of partnership between labor and management. (7)Participation and will of top management. (8)Principle of Participation of entire members. (9)Harmony of innovation and continuous improvement. (10)Establishment of overall quality-related system. A Recognition of need on ISO-9000 series.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2018

Objectives : As the management philosophy of hospital social responsibility is diversified, we systematically reviewed the literature to apply ISO 26000 to the monitoring of social responsibility activities in accordance with social needs and changes. Methods : PubMed Database, NDSL and RISS were searched for articles related to CSR based on ISO 26000. The articles were classified according to aims, methods and results. Results : There is a lack of research and development of the CSR tools of hospitals, including human rights, labor practices, and consumer issues, which are parts of the seven key topics of ISO 26000. Conclusions : Based on ISO 26000 as an international standard for social responsibility activities, it is necessary to develop a measurement tool for social responsibility activities that reflects legal and institutional situations of Korean hospitals.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to strengthen rural community empowerment by creating a tourism farm as a plan to reduce relative poverty and to improve the quality of life by creating jobs and increasing the income of local residents in underdeveloped countries. To do so, literature review, stakeholder interviews, on-site investigations, focus-group interviews, a project meeting for residents and a questionnaire survey were performed and analyzed and the results were as follows. First, Uganda has the potential to increase agricultural production based on its warm climate, fertile land and abundant natural resources. The quality of life of local residents is expected to be improved by realizing high-added values through the convergence of the conventional existing agricultural industry and other industries if the agricultural technology is properly transferred based on abundant labor force and low labor expenses. Opportunities for the success of the project can be spread to other rural villages across the country. Second, since local residents are now cultivating sugar cane, cassava, matoke, banana, coffee and so on as a farm owner, tourism agriculture with high-added values can be promoted by vitalizing communities based on farming technology to be transferred and a cooperative farm. It is also necessary to implement a rural community empowerment project to do so. Third, the university that is the cooperative partner of the project is positively considering to train experts by establishing a community development department, and, if necessary, a technical training center to educate the general public, which is expected to create synergic effects through the convergence of education, agriculture and tourism.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-27
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to categorize agriculture, to analyze perception of sustainable agriculture and to suggest the directions for improving farming practices in Korea. This study was conducted by review of literature and mail survey. The data was collected from 225 purposively sampled agricultural students by questionnaire. Major findings of the study were as follows; 1) According to the respondents, sustainable agriculture may bring positive effects on the betterment of land conservation, water management and animal protection. 2) The respondents expected that the sustainable agricultural practices may diminish the use of agricultural chemicals and increase safe agricultural products. 3) Sustainable agriculture needs more labor power, however, the number of small and middle-size farms in Korea would not be increased. 4) Even though the price of sustainable agriculture products increases, the respondents expected that rural economic condition would not be much improved because of sustainable agriculture. 5) Agricultural students responded that number of farmers in sustainable agriculture would be increased in the future.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.933-943
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of changes in child care technology on mother-child contact by using all sorts of literature such as diaries, documents or statistical data. Child care technologies began to change during the 1960's. Diverse goods and services such as baby dry milk, paper diapers and child care centers have made child care easier and saved a great deal of time. This has also allowed women to participate in labor markets easily despite rearing children. But maternal contact with children have declined due to new goods and services and this trend is especially prevalent in early childhood. It could be supported that the convenience of rearing rather than the needs of children like as attachment to maternity primarily was considered in technological change. From this results it was suggested that we should develop the alternative child care technologies which better reflect children's needs.