• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-133
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to present a new function point estimation approach for the Object-Oriented information systems. In order to fulfill this purpose, we first review the literature on Function Point Analysis of IFPUG, Unified Modeling Language, and Unified Process. Then, we derive a method and rules for estimating Function Points based on Use Cases and Class Diagrams. To analyze the appropriateness of the proposed approach, we conduct the empirical testing. 143 use cases are collected from production, marketing, distribution, sales, and other areas from the Object-Oriented systems development projects. We compare our new approach with the existing methods that are usually used for traditional systems development projects. The results show that our proposed approach is more appropriate for the Object-Oriented environment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1991.07a
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• pp.682-686
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• 1991

The purpose of a solar tracking system (STS) is to control the attitude of a space vehicle so that it will track the sun with high accuracy. In this paper, the literature of tracking of the sun in a plane is surveyed and a control modeling for the analysis of STS is presented by simultaneous transfer functions and state-space equations. Also a program for obtaining state variables by the single term Walsh series(STWS) approach is developed. The proposed approach is much simpler in analysis and easier in implementation than the Runge-Kutta numerical integration Method. The results of computer simulation are shown for the dynamic behaviors of vehicle axis, armature-controlled dc motor and controller of STS via a Runge-Kutta method and a single term Walsh series approach, respectively.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.320-330
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• 2008

This paper presents an improved dynamic programming (IDP) approach to solve the economic power dispatch problem including transmission losses in power systems. A detailed mathematical derivation of recursive dynamic programming approach for the economic power dispatch problem with transmission losses is presented. The transmission losses are augmented with the objective function using price factor. The generalized expression for optimal scheduling of thermal generating units derived in this article can be implemented for the solution of the economic power dispatch problem of a large-scale system. Six-unit, fifteen-unit, and forty-unit sample systems with non-linear characteristics of the generator, such as ramp-rate limits and prohibited operating zones are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method results have been compared with the results of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization methods reported in the literature. Test results show that the proposed IDP approach can obtain a higher quality solution with better performance.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-32
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• 2001

It is well known that the web design is composed of several factors which are interacting with each other. However, the current approach to web design had been focused on modifying specific factors without considering its impact on other factors. In this sense, we propose more holistic approach to the web design by using fuzzy cognitive map. For this purpose, we form an illustrative fuzzy cognitive map for the web design which is based on the literature, and analyzed and impact of change in a specific factor on other factors. Especially, to improve the output analyzability, we suggested an advanced version of fuzzy cognitive map called stratified fuzzy cognitive map. After simulating the fuzzy cognitive map for web design, we could conclude that our approach is robust and effective compared to the traditional web design approach.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.61-81
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• 2004

This paper will look at some grammatical phenomena which will illustrate some of the questions that can be addressed with a corpus-based approach. We will use this approach to investigate the following subjects in English grammar: number ambiguity, subject-verb concord, concord with measure expressions, and (reflexive) pronoun choice in coordinated noun phrases. We will emphasize the distinctive features of the corpus-based approach, particularly its strengths in investigating language use, as opposed to traditional descriptions or prescriptions of structure in English grammar. This paper will show that a corpus-based approach has made it possible to conduct new kinds of investigations into grammar in use and to expand the scope of earlier investigations. Native speakers rarely have accurate information about frequency of use. A large representative corpus (i.e., The British National Corpus) is one of the most reliable sources of frequency information. It is important to base an analysis of language on real data rather than intuition. Any description of grammar is more complete and accurate if it is based on a body of real data.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.461-473
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• 2008

The paper explores the potential of Support Vector Machines (SVM) approach in predicting 28-day compressive strength and slump flow of self-compacting concrete. Total of 80 data collected from the exiting literature were used in present work. To compare the performance of the technique, prediction was also done using a back propagation neural network model. For this data-set, RBF kernel worked well in comparison to polynomial kernel based support vector machines and provide a root mean square error of 4.688 (MPa) (correlation coefficient=0.942) for 28-day compressive strength prediction and a root mean square error of 7.825 cm (correlation coefficient=0.931) for slump flow. Results obtained for RMSE and correlation coefficient suggested a comparable performance by Support Vector Machine approach to neural network approach for both 28-day compressive strength and slump flow prediction.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.333-348
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• 2015

Problem sovling skill is one of the core skills in mathematics education. To improve students' problem solving skill, the project approach or project based learning has been developed and applied. A teaching and learning strategy utilizing 'project' encourages students to understand the problem embedded in the project, find and reflect the solution, which might be effective in improving students' problem solving skill. The present study systematically reviews literature regarding project based learning and analyzes the characteristics of project. The findings from the systematic review illuminate an appropriate approach to apply project based learning in mathematics classrooms.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.153-178
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study is to develop several types of English teaching/learning models in view of cross-curricular approach in Korean elementary school. Brewster(1992)' model is suitable for younger children as well as the 1st or 2nd graders. For 3rd or 4th graders, Halliwel1(1997)' model seems more proper type in Korean EFL situation. There has been studying for cross-curricular approach in elementary English education. Many studies has recently focused the characteristics of elementary students by cognitive and psychological perspectives. Among them, Park(1996)'s research talks about the elementary school students. Han(1996)'s research based on the notion of applied to other subjects. Kim(1999)'s also emphasized the importance of linking other subjects. Kim(2003) argued the need of integrating English with other subjects. The elementary education as the National Common Basic Curriculum(NCBC) has the essence of cross-curricular approach, so the English education will be linked with other subject matters more and more, not just as for Communicative function based English education but as both content and function based subject matter.

• Multiscale and Multiphysics Mechanics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-33
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• 2016

In this paper, an asymptotic method is employed to formulate nano- or micro-beams based on strain gradient elasticity. Although a basic theory for the strain gradient elasticity has been well established in literature, a systematic approach is relatively rare because of its complexity and ambiguity of higher-order elasticity coefficients. In order to systematically identify the strain gradient effect, an asymptotic approach is adopted by introducing the small parameter which represents the beam geometric slenderness and/or the internal atomistic characteristic. The approach allows us to systematically split the two-dimensional strain gradient elasticity into the microscopic one-dimensional through-the-thickness analysis and the macroscopic one-dimensional beam analysis. The first-order beam problem turns out to be different from the classical elasticity in terms of the bending stiffness, which comes from the through-the-thickness strain gradient effect. This subsequently affects the second-order transverse shear stress in which the surface shear stress exists. It is demonstrated that a careful derivation of a first strain gradient elasticity embraces "Gurtin-Murdoch traction" as the surface effect of a one-dimensional Euler-Bernoulli-like beam model.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.617-627
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• 2013

In wind load calculations based on pressure measurements, the concept of 'tributary area' is usually used. The literature has less guidance for a systematic computational methodology for calculating tributary areas, in general, and for scattered pressure taps, in particular. To the best of the author's knowledge, there is no generic mathematical equation that helps calculate the tributary areas for irregular pressure taps. Traditionally, the drawing of tributary boundaries for scattered and intensively distributed taps may not be feasible (a time and resource consuming task). To alleviate this problem, this paper presents a proposed numerical approach for tributary area calculations on rectangular surfaces. The approach makes use of the available coordinates of the pressure taps and the dimensions of the surface. The proposed technique is illustrated by two application examples: first, quasi-regularly distributed pressure taps, and second, taps that have scattered distribution on a rectangular surface. The accuracy and the efficacy of the approach are assessed, and a comparison with a traditional method is presented.