• Title/Summary/Keyword: liquid hydrogen

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Solid Electrochemical Method of Measuring Hydrogen Concentration with O2-/H+ Hetero-Ionic Junction

  • Chongook Park
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2024
  • A novel method for measuring hydrogen concentration is introduced, along with its working principle and a novel detection algorithm. This configuration requires no additional reference compartment for potentiometric electrochemical measurements; therefore, it is the most suitable for measuring dissolved hydrogen in the liquid phase. The sensor's electromotive force saturates at a certain point, depending on the hydrogen concentration during the heating process of the sensor operation. This dynamic temperature scanning method provides higher sensitivity than the constant temperature measurement method.

A Study of Construction of a Hydrogen Peroxide Supply System for Liquid Rocket Engine (액체로켓엔진 산화제로서의 과산화수소 공급계 구축에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Jun-Su;Lee, Yang-Suk;Kim, Young-Mun;Choi, Yu-Ri;Ko, Young-Sung;Kim, Yoo;Kim, Sun-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2010
  • A construction process of hydrogen peroxide supply system was investigated to use hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine. To use hydrogen peroxide as a rocket propellant, it has to be in high concentration over 90%. It is very important to make the supply system free of pollutants, because highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide has a characteristic of hypersensitive reaction to pollutants such as dust and oil sludge. We suggested the cleaning and passivation process of main components to minimize pollutants of the supply system. In conclusion, we verified stability of the constructed supply system by leak test and hot test.

Limit on transition of energy source for drone : Focusing on regulation and certification (드론 에너지원 전환의 한계 : 규제와 인증을 중심으로)

  • Sang Ik, Han
    • Journal of Digital Policy
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2022
  • The absolute dependence on GPS signals for positioning, unstable flight, and short flight time due to battery limitations are the major problems to extend the practical use of drones in the industry. In particular, the short flight time of about 20 minutes is a big issue to the use of drones, and to overcome this, the liquid hydrogen powered drone is being actively developed. However, the revision of the current regulation and certification system for liquid hydrogen powered drone has not been completed yet, making it difficult to test, certify, and commercialize the hydrogen powered drone, which eventually becomes a problem in pre-occupying the increasing drone market. In this paper, we analyze the development trends of hydrogen powered drone and provide the current issues on regulations and certification systems for hydrogen powered drone.

Limitations of the Linear Solvation Energy Relationships in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography

  • Cheong, Won-Jo;Choi, Jang-Duck
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.15 no.10
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    • pp.868-873
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    • 1994
  • We have re-examined the linear solvation energy relationships in reversed phase liquid chromatography by considering various solutes including quite a number of compounds of strong hydrogen bond capability. We observed that solutes of strong hydrogen bond ability should be excluded in order to obtain resonable correlations between In k' and solute polarity parameters and that inclusion of one or two such solutes causes severe distortions of correlation results. This anomaly may be due to existence of residual silanol groups in the stationary phase, that is, their specific interactions with solutes.

Experimental study on self-sustaied $1kW_e$ liquid fuel reforming operation (자립형 $1kW_e$ 액체 연료 개질기 운전에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon, Sang-Ho;Bae, Gyu-Jong;Bae, Joong-Myeon
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.503-506
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    • 2008
  • Liquid hydrocarbon fuels, such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel and JP 8, can be good candidates for SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) system fuel due to their high hydrogen density. Autothermal reforming (ATR) is suitable for liquid hydrocarbon fuel reforming because oxygen can decompose the aromatics in liquid fuel and steam can suppress the carbon deposition during catalytic reaction. The advantage of ATR is that it has a simple system construction due to exothermicity of ATR reaction. We control the exothermicity of reaction, make the reaction possible design a self-sustaining ATR reactor. A self-sustained 1kW-class kerosene autothermal reformer is introduced in this paper. The 1kW-class kerosene reformer was continuously operated for about 140 hours without degradation of reforming performance.

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Supramolecular Liquid Crystals Containing Hydrogen Bond between Carboxylic Acid and Pyridyl Moieties and their Thermotropic Mesomorphism

  • Lee, Seung-Jun;You, Mi-Kyoung;Lee, Ji-Won;Lee, Shin-Woo;Jho, Jae-Young
    • Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2006.10a
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    • pp.297-297
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    • 2006
  • Recently columnar liquid crystals have been studied due to their possible application to organic conducting materials. Supramolecular columnar liquid crystals consist of mesogenic unit which can aggregate into discs that will make up the columns which associate to form a two-dimensional network. In this study, we prepared supramolecular columnar liquid crystals containing hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acid and, pyridine moieties. Thermal and structural properties of prepared complexe were investigated, and it exhibited hexagonal columnar structure ($Col_{h}$) at room temperature.

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Analysis of CTOD Tests on Steels for Liquefied Hydrogen Storage Systems Using Hydrogen Charging Apparatus (수소 장입 장치를 활용한 액체수소 저장시스템 강재의 CTOD 시험 분석)

  • Ki-Young Sung;Jeong-Hyeon Kim;Jung-Hee Lee;Jung-Won Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.875-884
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    • 2023
  • Hydrogen infiltration into metals has been reported to induce alterations in their mechanical properties under load. In this study, we conducted CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) tests on steel specimens designed for use in liquid hydrogen storage systems. Electrochemical hydrogen charging was performed using both FCC series austenitic stainless steel and BCC series structural steel specimens, while CTOD testing was carried out using a 500kN-class material testing machine. Results indicate a notable divergence in behavior: SS400 test samples exhibited a higher susceptibility to failure compared to austenitic stainless steel counterparts, whereas SUS 316L test samples displayed minimal changes in displacement and maximum load due to hydrogen charging. However, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis results presented challenges in clearly explaining the mechanical degradation phenomenon in the tested materials. This study's resultant database holds significant promise for enhancing the safety design of liquid hydrogen storage systems, providing invaluable insights into the performance of various steel alloys under the influence of hydrogen embrittlement.

Modeling of a Pervaporation Process for Concentrating Hydrogen Peroxide (과산화수소 농축을 위한 투과증발공정 모델링)

  • Nguyen, Huu Hieu;Lee, Sung Taek;Choi, Soo Hyoung
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.560-564
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    • 2011
  • The objective of this study is to propose a mathematical model for a pervaporation process for concentrating hydrogen peroxide. The process was developed by NASA, which consists of a shell and membrane tubes, where a liquid hydrogen peroxide solution flows in the shell, and a sweep gas flows in the tubes countercurrent to each other. The liquid retentate is concentrated as more water molecules permeate and evaporate through the membrane than hydrogen peroxide. For this process, a mathematical model has been developed in the form of a system of nonlinear partial differential algebraic equations based on a sorption-diffusion mechanism for permeation, an Arrhenius relationship for the temperature dependency of the permeate flux, and mass and momentum balances for the liquid concentrations and flows in the membrane module. The dynamic behavior of the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the retentate side has been simulated by solving a simplified version of the proposed model, and the result is compared with the experimental data reported in the NASA patent.