• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.135-142
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• 1969

To investigate the influences of physical exercises on lipid metabolism in human, serum lipids were determined in swimming, weight lifting and wrestling athletes after loading their proper exercises for certain periods of time. Atherolipid numbers were also determined in these hardly exercising athletes. Besides same time, experimental studies were carried out in rats to see the effects of high-carbohydrate, high-lipid and high-protein diets of 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks duration upon serum total cholesterol level after the physical exercises. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In studies with athletes, the serum concentration of various forms lipids and atherolipid number were increased for some periods of time by imposing physical exercises. 2. In experimental studies with rats, various dietary effect upon the serum total cholosterol level after loading physical exercises were as follow; on high-lipid diets, the serum level increased upto the 4th week and thereafter kept the same increased level until the 8th week; on high-carbohydrate diet, the level increased upto the 2nd week and extended to the 4th week with the same increased level, but somewhat decreased at the 8th week; and on the high-protein diet, the level increased upto the 2nd week, and decreased progressively from the 4th week.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 1997

Secrum lipid and vitamin E levels were determined and smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise habits were asked in 357 healthy male subjects aged 49.4$\pm$6.7 years in Taegu. Average serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride(TG) were 189$\pm$43mg/이, 42$\pm$13mg/dl and 136$\pm$73mg/이, respectively. Serum level of lipid peroxide measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) of the subjects was 2.01$\pm$0.73MDA nmoles/ml and that of $\alpha$-tocopherol was 9.53$\pm$3.14ug/ml. The correlation coefficients between $\alpha$-tocopherol and serum lipids were 0.3631 for triglyceride, 0.2993 for cholesterol, and 0.3025 for total lipid. Heavy smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes a day had higher levels of TG and TBARS than those who smoke less. Alcohol drinkers had higher levels of TG and TBARS than nondrinkers. Vitamin E level(per ml serum)was significantly higher in the heavy smokers and drinkers, which was reflected by the higher level of serum lipid. When the level of $\alpha$-tocopherol was expressed as $\alpha$-tocopherol/triglyceride, it was negatively correlated with serum TBARS level and was lower in the heavy smokers than in the moderate smokers. It is concluded that vitamin E level as $\alpha$-tocopherol/triglyceride would be better compared to $\alpha$-tocopherol/total cholesterol or $\alpha$-tocopherol/total lipid for the evaluation of vitamin E status in Korean men.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on male sexual function and serum lipid level, the results of KRG treatments were compared to placebo group. A total of 35 patients with psychogenic impotence were assigned to medication group with KRG (n=28) and placebo (n=7). KRG and placebo were given to each group for 2 months. Changes in symptoms such as frequency of coitus, morning erection, penile rigidity and tumescence were significantly higher in the group receiving KRG than placebo group. The overall therapeutic efficacies on erectile function were 67% for KRG group and 28% for placebo group (p <0.05). In the group treated with 9 tablets of KRG, there was tendency of better efficacy as compared to the group treated with 6 tablets of KRG. The level of serum high density lipid- cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) while the other serum lipid such as total cholesterol, tiglyceride and low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) , were not changed after administration of KRG. This effect was observed significantly in the group in which KRG exerted its effect on sexual function(p < 0.05). From the above results, the administration of Korean red ginseng has shown to have superior of facts as compared to the placebo. The tendency of good effect was increased when a large amount of KRG was administered. The mechanism of KRG in improving sexual function would be the result of elevating the level of geum HDL-cholesterol in impotent patients. The effect of KRG was produced when the level of cholesterol was high before starting KRG medication. Therefore, the effect of KRG could be observed more intensively when the patients have high serum cholesterol level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.996-1006
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary chitin & chitosan on cadmium (Cd) toxicity and lipid metabolism in rats. Forty-two male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 137$\pm$2g were blocked into 6 groups according to body weight, and were raised for 4 weeks. Cadmium chloride was given at the level of 0 or 400ppm in diet and chitin and chitosan were given at the level of 0 or 4%(w/w) of diet. The results are summarized as follow. Chitosan decreased the toxicity of Cd on liver, kidney and femur and increase the Cd content of fecal excretion. Chitosan increased the lipdi & cholesterol content of fecal excretion by combining with lipid and bile acid. Chitosan decreased lipid, cholesterol and TG content in serum and liver by combining with lipid and bile acid. Chitin was less effective than chitosan in decreasing of Cd toxicity and lipid content of rat.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1112-1120
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effets of chitosan and beef tallow at different level on glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. Dietary fot level was 20% and 40%, and chitosan was given at levels of 0%, 3%, and 5%(wt/wt) of diet. Chitosan supplement tended to decrease the serum total lipids, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. HDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol : total cholesterol ratio tended to increase with 5% chitosan supplementation. LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride tended to decrease with chitosan supplementation. Lipid concentration of liver and epididymal fat pad(EEP) tended to decrease with medium dietary fat and chitosan treatment. fecal excretion of total lipid and triglyceride exhibited a tendency to increase with high fat levels and chitosan. Length of small intestine and gastrointestinal transit time were not affected by dietary fit levels or chitosan supplements. Therefore, it could be suggested that chitosan supplement had beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. (Korean J Nutrition 31(7) : 1112-1120, 1998)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.90-99
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• 1994

This study was carried out to examine how dietary protein and calcium levels in rats fed fat-enriched diet affect the total lipid and cholesterol contents of blood and tissues. Male Sprauge-Dawley rats weighing approximately 200g were fed six purified diets which contained 18%(w/w) beef tallow, 1% (w/w) cholesterol, two source of protein, casein or isolated soy protein (ISP) and three levels of dietary calcium, 0.1%, 0.4% and 1.0%, first, for four weeks, and second, for eight weeks. The contents of the total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, liver, heart and feces were determined. After four weeks feeding serum lipid and cholesterol concentrations significantly decreased in rats fed 1.0% (w/w) level calcium, regardless of dietrary protein sources. After eight weeks, these concentrations were significantly lower in the rats fed soy protein than in casein-fed rats. As dietary calcium level increased serum and tissue lipid and cholesterol contents were decreased and fecal lipid excretion increased. It is concluded that hypolipidemic and/or hypocholesterolemic effects of soy protein and calcium were partly due to decrease in lipid absorption.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 1997

The full NMR assignment of hispidulin 7-0-neohesperidoside (1) isolated from Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense was made with the aid of 2D correlation NMR techniques such as HMQC and HMBC. To investigate detoxification of bromobenzene-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation by compound 1, hepatic lipid peroxide level and the activities of enzymes responsible for production and removal of epoxide were studied. The level of lipid peroxide elevated by bromobenzene was significantly reduced by compound 1. This compound administered daily over one week before intoxication with bromobenzene did not affect the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, glutathione S-transferase. Epoxide hydrolase activity was decreased significantly by bromobenzene, which was restored to the control level by pretreatment of persicarin. The results suggest that the bromobenzene-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation by compound 1 is reduced by enhancing the activity of epoxide hydrolase, an enzyme removing bromobenzene epoxide.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.940-944
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• 1998

This research was performed to investigate the effect of Codonopsis lanceolata water extracted on the levels of lipid in serum and liver of rats fed high fat diet for 6 weeks. Experimental groups were divided into normal group(NF), high fat diet group(HF), high fat diet and Codonopsis lanceolata water extract treated group(HFW). Codonopsis lanceolata water extract was orally administrated at the level of 0.1ml/100g body weight per day. Body weight gain and feed intake were not significantly different in three groups, but feed efficiency ratio was increased in HF and HFW. The weights of liver, kidney, heart were not significantly different among the groups. The level of serum total lipid was higher in HF than NF, but Codonopsis lanceolata water extract decreased the level of the lipid. The levels of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly increased in HF, but they were significantly decreased by administration of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract. The levels of serum HDL-cholesterol and phospholipid were slightly increased by Codonopsis lanceolata water extract. Codonopsis lanceolata water extract significantly decreased the levels of liver total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol which were increased by high fat diet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.149-155
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlations among bone mineral density(BMD), serum lipid levels, and cognitive function in the elderly with dementia. Methods : We recruited seventy elderly with dementia(men=35, women=35) to participate in the Korean mini mental state examination(K-MMSE). Their T-scores and serum lipid levels were analyzed for correlation analysis. Results : The results of this study showed that there are significant correlations between cognitive function and three factors BMD, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level, and total cholesterol(TC) level. The cognitive function scores increased proportionally with BMD but were inversely proportional to LDL-C and TC levels. There were no significant relations among cognitive function, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level, and triglyceride(TG) level. Conclusion : These results indicate that there is a direct proportionality between cognitive function and BMD and inverse proportionalities between cognitive function and LDL-C level and between cognitive function and TC level. Therefore, these levels can be indices for preventing and predicting dementia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.819-827
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• 1994

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of 50% buckwheat diet on the body weight, organ weight, urine albumin, urine glucose, plasma glucose and plasma lipid in normal rats and diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin(STZ). The food intake, body weight, the level of urine glucose in diabetic buckwheat groups were not significantly different with diabetic control group. The level of urine albumin was lower in raw and steam buckwheat group than in the diabetic control group. Compared to the normal control group, liver and kidney weights were heavier in the diabetic groups. Pancreas weight was heavier diabetic buckwheat groups than in normal and diabetic control groups. Fasting plasma glucose level of diabetic buckwheat groups significantly decreased by 18-37% compared with the diabetic control group. Plasma triglyceride level of diabetic buckwheat groups significantly decreased by 34-50% compared with the diabetic control group. Plasma total cholesterol level of diabetic buckwheat groups decreased by 15-27% compared with the diabetic control group. The level of HDL-cholesterol was not affected by buckwheat diet. These results indicate that buckwheat is an effective therapeutic regimen for the control of metabolic derangements in diabetics.