• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.29-47
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the definition of school readiness specific to the context of the Republic of Korea. The school readiness test can be used as basic data to enable early childhood educational institutes to determine the general readiness of preschoolers and provide support to fit individual characteristics. For this purpose, six stages of the school readiness development process were considered, that is, draft development, primary preliminary survey, primary expert verification, secondary expert verification, secondary preliminary survey, and main survey. In the main survey, tests were conducted using the school readiness final draft targeting 344 preschoolers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The item discrimination power analysis and factor analysis for the examination area and question area were also conducted. Consequently, a test tool was developed on the basic of the results obtained, consisting of 129 items in the five areas of knowledge, function, adaptation, tendency, and attitude. The knowledge area was divided into general, linguistic, and mathematical knowledge, and the function area into fine motor function, basic living ability, expressive function, and gross motor function. The adaptation area was classified into adaptation activity, separation anxiety, maladaptive behavior, and environment adaptation; the tendency area into learning tendency; others understanding, and individual tendency, and the attitude area into rule compliance and life habits.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

A variety of cross-linguistic studies has documented that the acoustic properties of speech addressed to young children include exaggeration of pitch contours and acoustically salient features of phonetic units. It has been suggested that phonetic modifications of child-directed speech facilitate young children's learning of speech sounds by providing detailed phonetic information about the target word. While there are several studies reporting vowel modifications in speech to infants (i.e., hyper-articulated vowels), there has been little research about consonant modifications in speech to young children (except for VOT). The present study examines acoustic properties of Korean stops in Korean mothers' speech to their children (seven children aged 27 to 38 months). Korean tense, lax, and aspirated stops are all voiceless in word-initial position, and are perceptually differentiated by several acoustic parameters including VOT, $f_0$ of the following vowel, and the amplitude difference of the first and second harmonics at the voice onset of the following vowel. This study compares values of these parameters in Korean child-directed speech to those in adult-directed speech from same speakers. Conclusions focus on the acoustic properties of Korean stops in child-directed speech and how they are modified to help Korean young children learn the three-way phonetic contrast.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 1992

로보트 매니퓰레이터의 신경 제어기 구성에 널리 사용하는 다층 신경회로망은 로보트의 불확실한 동적 파라메터 변화에 대한 강건한 학습 적응능력, 그리고 병렬 처리를 통한 실시간 제어등의 장점들을 갖고있다. 그러나 대표적인 학습방법인 오차 역전파(error back propagation) 알고리즘은 그 학습 속도가 느리다는 문제점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 불확실하고 애매한 정보를 언어적인 방법에 의해 효율적으로 처리할 수 있는 퍼지 논리 (fuzzy logic)를 도입하여 로보트 매니퓰레이터 신경 제어기의 학습 속도를 개선하기위한 한 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 제어기의 효용성은 PUMA 560 로보트의 모의 실험을 통해 입증된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2012

The interest and expenditure for children is increasing than in the past because the number of nuclear family is growing, the children's space is configured independently in most homes from infancy, therefore, the market of children's furniture is expanding in spite of the reduction in the population of children. There are not many products considering age, gender, and play behavior in children's furniture market in Korea. The bed, desk, chair, and closet for children under 2 years hold a large majority of children's furniture, there are not a lot of preschool children's furniture for the children aged 4 to 7. As the children aged 4 to 7 experience physical, emotional, and cognitive growth at the same time, the space configuration and furniture choice for these children is educationally very important. Therefore, in this study, we present the importance and necessity of playable furniture to promote the physical, social, emotional, linguistic, and cognitive development of the children aged 4 to 7 among preschool children. We found the concept and basic condition of playable furniture to collect the base data for developing playable furniture and provided the basic data for the development of an ideal playable furniture by comparing and analyzing the cases of 157 items of 14 domestic playable furniture companies and 365 items of 30 overseas in aspect of play functions, forms, materials and colors.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.17-30
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• 1990

Since L.A. Zadeh introduced the theory of fuzzy sets in 1965, E.H. Mamdani applied the theory to the steam engine control in 1974. Since then, scientists have shown a great deal of interests in its application to practical problems and the possibility of the application of the theory a more complicate system has been increasing greatly. In the fuzzy control, the qualitative knowledge and intuition that the operators of a system has acquired through their experience can be logically described by the Linguistic Control Rule(LCR). The algorithm of th control is made of the LCR, and th control of an object is performed by processing this algorithm implementing a computer. in this thesis, the fuzzy controller of the ship's steering system is devided into two systems, namely FC1 and FC2, according to their control function. FC1 is for the course keeping steering, wheress FC2 is for the altering of s ship's course. The characteristics of the control system were investigated through the digital computer simulation and the results were compared with those of the conventional steering system. It was found that the fuzzy control was more efficient than the conventional auto pilot system.

• 한국어교육
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.117-144
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the linguistic elements that can promote academic literacy in terms of content-based instructions for KSL learners. In order to study the characteristics of learning languages for subjects, focus was given to the framework of systematic functional linguistics that has been extensively used in ELL teaching and learning research in the United States and Australia. History, which is taught in all classes and classified as a required course, was the subject of analysis. From the history curriculum, the elementary school level texts "Social Studies 5-2" and "Social Studies 6-1" were chosen for the analysis. Based on the results, we can come to the following conclusions. First, history textbooks are divided into narrative and analytical explanatory sub-genres based on their content, and there are differences in the factors that need to be focused on to find the main information. Second, the vocabulary of history textbooks should focus on the use of verbs which comprehend material processes. Particularly, learners should pay attention to the differences in meaning between low-frequency expressions. We hope that the results of this study will have a positive effect on history subject learning for learners in the "Adaptive Korean Course" and will help establish direction in terms of building curriculum contents for KSL learners.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2022

With recent scientific advances and growing interest in AI technologies, AI-based chatbots have been viewed as a practical learning aid for English language development. The purpose of this study is to examine preservice teachers' perceptions on the potential benefits of employing AI chatbots in English instruction and its pedagogical aspects. 28 preservice teachers majoring in English education were asked to use Kuki chatbots for a week with a guidance of a researcher and then report on their perceptions of AI chatbots in terms of perceived usefulness after use, applicability, and educational benefits and drawbacks. Emerging codes and themes were identified and evaluated using Thematic Analysis(TA) based on qualitative data from surveys and interviews. The findings show that six emerging themes were identified, encompassing perspectives on teacher, learner, communication, linguistic, affective, and assessment. The overall findings of this study revealed that AI-based chatbots can play a significant role as learning tools for stimulating interactive communication in a target language. Most preservice primary teachers acknowledge that AI chatbots can be useful as teaching and learning aids for both teachers and students. Furthermore, when applying various learner data to chatbot technology, such as learner assessment and diagnosis, a guided approach is necessary to perform a conversation appropriate for the learner's level and characteristics. Finally, as chatbots have a variety of benefits in terms of affective aspects, they may improve EFL learners' confidence in speaking English and learning motivation.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2022

Barrage language is a new media language based on Internet video. It is a representative expression of the Internet environment regardless of its format and content. As a unique movie viewing characteristic provided by the barrage function, the timeliness of feedback, entertainment, and interactivity of the content are excellent. Characteristic. Barrage language itself is closely related not only to the value of linguistic research, but also to the spread of the Internet in the Internet environment. Based on the current situation of Chinese video sites, this thesis explores how Barrage is an organic cycle of culture and consumption in a specific platform and group, and analyzes its propagation methods and effects. By analyzing the characteristics of content production patterns unique to the barrage culture, implications and reference values for production activities of other cultures, the effect of popularization on viewers and the production and consumption of the 'barrage' culture of the industry is studied, and furthermore, the 'barrage' culture is It was designed to be a reference for the development of the platform, internet culture, and animation industry culture.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.74-104
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• 1986

This study aims at investigating the correlation between such variables as a child's family circumstance and personality and that of the child's mathematical ability. For the objects of the study five hundreds and sixteen students (male 273, female 243) were andomly selected from the fifth grade primary school students in the city of Seoul. For the tool of measure the investigation of Korean family circumstances with particular characteristics, the personality test by Chong Pom Mo and Kim Ho Kwon, and the intelligence test by Lee Sang Ro, Chin Whal Kyo and Pyon Chang Jin were employed. For the statistical analysis S. A. S. C., the statistical analysis package of KAIST was employed. The resutis of the test can be summarized as follows. The correlation between the variable of family Circumstance and that of mathematical alility 1) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the childs mother and the order of the child's birth have much to do with the perception speed. In case of the significance level 0.1 it makes some difference in the child's perception spead whether the clild's mother has a job or not. 2) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job and the type of habitation have influence on the child's perception of space. 3) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job, the order of the child's birth, the type of habitation, their religion, and their cultural, and economic standard have influence on the child's ability of inference. 4) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job, the type of habitation, their religion and their cultural and economic standard have influence on the child's ability of calculation. 5) In case of the significance level 0.05 any variable of the child's family circumstance has nothing to do with the child's memory. In case of the significance level 0, 1 the type of family and the type of habitation have effect on the child's memory. 6) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's parents, the jobs of the parents, the type of habtation, their religion, and their cultural and economic standard have influence on the child's linguistic notion. The correlation between the variable of the child's personality and that of the child's mathematical ability 1) In regard to the priority of the variables influencing the child's perception speed, the child's discretion comes first in order, and then sociability and impulsiveness of the child. 2) The child's discretion has effect on the child's space perception. 3) The child's discretion has effect on the child's ability of inference. 4) In regard to the child's ability of calculation the child's discretion comes first in order, and then impulsiveness and sociability of the child. 5) The child's discretion has effect on memory. 6) The child's discretion has effect on the child's linguistic notion.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.525-547
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• 2015

본 연구는 교사가 수업에서 사용하는 수학언어의 특징을 분석하기 위하여 고등학교 1학년의 '이차함수와 이차방정식의 관계'를 설명하는 교과서 텍스트와 교사의 수업담화를 비교하였다. 분석 자료는 고등학교 수학1의 '이차함수와 이차방정식의 관계'에 대한 수업의 녹취록과 수업에 사용된 교과서 텍스트이며, 이 자료를 Halliday(1994)의 체계기능언어학에 따라 담화의미 층위와 어휘문법 층위로 구분하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 교과서는 의미의 상하관계를 이용한 일반화, 명사화를 통한 수학적 대상화, 주제부의 변화를 이용한 의미의 구체화와 같은 어휘문법 전략을 사용하여 구체적인 예시로부터 일반화를 통해 수학적 개념을 구성하는 설명방식을 사용하였고, 이 과정에서 담화의미 층위와 어휘문법 층위의 조직적인 상호작용이 나타났다. 반면에 교사의 설명은 동사성의 변화와 이유 및 절차 담화의 추가를 통해 이차함수와 이차방정식의 관계를 구성해가는 과정으로 이루어졌다. 교사 설명담화의 언어적 특징으로는 맥락적 생략으로 인한 화용적 함축과 어휘소의 누락이 나타났으며, 담화의미 층위에 영향을 주는 구조적인 어휘문법 자원의 사용은 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 수학수업 담화를 분석하는 새로운 틀을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.