• 한국측량학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.54-64
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• 1984

본 연구는 지상사진기에 의한 구조물(석탑)측정에 관한 것으로서 석탑중 통일신라의 석탑인 감은사지 삼층석탑, 고선사지 삼층석탑, 불국사 삼층석탑(석가탑) 및 불상인 석굴암 본존상, 광주철조여내좌상을 대상으로 조형비를 분석하여, 조형원리에 접근하는데 의의를 갖고 있다. 등고선도와 실측치를 정밀하게 얻을 수 있었으며, 이를 바탕으로 조형비를 분석한 결과, 3재의 석탑과 2개의 불상에서 공통점을 발견할 수 있었다. 우선 석탑의 경우 옥개석폭들은 8 : 7 : 6의 비예관계로 구성되어 있었으며, 상대갑석을 밑변으로 정삼각형과 이등변 삼각형을 긋고, 그 정점사이의 거리를 반경으로 하여 정삼각형의 정점에서 원을 그리면 삼층 옥신 윗면과 일치하였고, 또 기준면으로부터 $70^{\circ}$의 2등변 삼각형을 그러는 경우 상대갑석의 끝점들을 거의 통과하며, 삼층 옥개석의 낙수면과 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 불상의 경우 양 눈사이의 중점을 중심으로 원이 성립되고, 어깨와 명치를 연장하면 무릎에 접함을 알 수 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.98-98
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• 2014

Due to the simple vertical structure of magnetic field, pores can be exploited to study the transport of mechanical energy by waves along the magnetic field to the chromosphere and corona. For a better understanding of physics of pores, we have investigated chromospheric traveling features running across two merged pores from their centers at the speed about 55 km s-1, in the active region AR 11828. The pores were observed on 2013 August 24 by using high time, spatial, and spectral resolution data from the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) of the 1.6 meter New Solar Telescope (NST). We infer a LOS velocity by applying the bisector method to the Ca II $8542{\AA}$ band and $H{\alpha}$ band, and investigate intensity and the line-of-sight velocity changes at different wavelengths and different positions at the pores. We find that they have 3 minutes oscillations, and the intensity oscillation from the line center is preceded by that from the core ($-0.3{\AA}$) of the bands. There is no phase difference between the intensity and the LOS velocity oscillations at a given wavelength. The amplitude of LOS velocity from near the core spectra is greater than that from the far core spectra. These results support the interpretation of the observed wave as a slow magnetoacoustic wave propagating along the magnetic field lines in the pores. The apparent horizontal motion and a sudden decrease of its speed beyond the pores can be explained by the projection effect caused by inclination of the magnetic field with a canopy.

• 천문학논총
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.149-166
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• 1998

The structure and environments of the molecular clouds near the SNR $HB3(G132.7\pm1.3)$ are studied. The molecular complex which is located at the southern rim of HB3 was proposed by former investigators as the one interacting with HB3. This complex region of $2^{\circ}\times2^{\circ}\;at\;l=133^{\circ}$ has been observed at $^{12}CO,\;^{13}CO,\;J=1-0\;at\;a\;1'$, resolution with the 14-m radio telescope at Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory. We have reached to the following four conclusions. The possibility that these molecular complex and HB3 are interacting with each other cannot be supported with any of our data. The morphologies of the two show no similarities. Neither particular features for the interaction are found in the CO lines. The hypothetical 'Molecular wall' which was expected to exist on the northwestern rim of HB3 as a cause for the noncircular morphology of HB3 is turned out to be nonexistent in CO. The molecular complex which resembles a 'bar' at a low resolution is now resolved into a U-shaped shell. It seems that the U-shape is consist of two independent components. No peculiarities, such as unseen masses or bright stars capable of forming HlI regions, are found within the U-shape region. The total mass included in the complex is estimated to be $M_{total}\;=\;2.9\~8.4\times10^5\;M_\bigodot$, which is in good agreement with previous observations within errors. Considering about 12 clumps distinguishable within the complex, the total mass implies that masses of each of clumps are on the order of $10^4\;M_\bigodot$, which makes these good objects for further studies in relation to star-formation. Especially the clumps associated with W3 are worthy for more high resolution observations for better understanding of astrophysical phenomenon ongoing in them.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2004

Recombinant human ferritin homopolymers (rHF and rLF) were successfully produced in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y2805, which was transformed with human ferritin H or L-chain genes, respectively. In order to characterize the molecular properties of the recombinant ferritins in relation to mineralization, the proteins were isolated and apoferritins were prepared. The apoferritins were reconstituted with 2000 Fe atoms per protein molecule under various experimental conditions (the concentration of the protein, the buffer concentration of the MOPS buffer, the total volume of the reaction and the reconstitution method). The structure and composition of the iron cores formed in the ferritins were examined using transmission electron microscopy. The recombinant ferritins behaved in a similar manner to other mammalian ferritins in accumulating iron in the core. Proteins of rHF and rLF showed varying reconstitution yields of 37-72% depending on the reaction conditions. In general, the rHF showed higher reconstitution yield than the rLF at the protein concentrations and the reaction volumes we examined. Iron cores with a similar mean particle size were obtained in the rHF, rLF and horse spleen ferritin reconstituted at a protein concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Electron diffraction of all the three ferritins showed 2-3 diffuse lines, with d-spacings corresponding to those of the mineral ferrihydrite with a limited crystallinity.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.378-382
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• 2005

The opening of high speed railway upgraded our land transportation speed limit, causing lots of changes including living and culture and also paving the way for stepping up the railway technology. However, it is also true that we had a limit to adopt the existing railway system structured for 150km/h to the new structure requiring a higher speed of approximate 300km/h due to technological, based on the time and experience. More importantly, heading toward a step of operating such a high speed railway system, it has been practically and quickly proposed that the railway needs high speed railway engineering, maintenance technology of parts of the vehicles to have a stable maintenance foundation and localization of major parts. Therefore, this study was intended to research the actual displacement characteristics in runningg on an actual track for the purpose of developing the protective and maintenance technology of springs and dampers, which are core parts among suspension elements of a high speed railway vehicle. For this, it was researched the actual vehicle test and its interpretation centered on primary spring, which is used for the suspension system of a bogie, body-body dampers and body-bogie yaw damper. Also, to analyze the displacement characteristics of suspension system in the actual conditions of high speed railway vehicles, a vehicle‘s dynamic characteristics was analyzed and interpreted. At the same time, a tester for measuring the actual displacement of such suspension elements was designed and attached to actual vehicles, to measure the displacements that occur in running it on the Seoul-Busan line, one of major lines serviced by KTX. The displacement data gained from the test with actual vehicles was analyzed for its displacement distribution depending on the service sections and frequency, with which the valuable data necessary for any potential breakdown or maintenance in the future could be obtained.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2015

This research explores diachronic fashion design trends through a structure analysis of a connection network based on fashion show concepts implemented by modern fashion designers from S/S 2009 to F/W 2013. The findings from this research are as follows. First, four categories affect the inspiration and thinking of design: the experience of the designer, social atmosphere and phenomena, natural sensitivity (or formative characteristics of natural objects), and the influence and quality of other fields. Second, in cases where the designers' experiences influenced design inspiration and thinking, designers express personal memories with keywords like high school, grandmother's closet, prom, beauty and the beast, heritage, past, and reminiscence through design elements such as lines, silhouettes, materials, and colors. Third, the representative example of the social atmosphere and phenomena that influenced design inspiration and thinking was the 2008 Global Financial Crisis that reflected the social climate through design concepts of keywords such as Recession, Black, Economy, US, Depression, Gray, Dark Age, White and New York. Fourth, inspired by nature and the formative characteristics in design, the designers employed ornamental elements to collections and design concepts that focused on nature words connected to light, sun, wild, dirt, rock, moss, and trees. Fifth, the designers took their ideas from different fields of personal interest in the arts, science and humanities (sports, architecture, sculpture, painting, and literature) that were decisive in determining materials, design colors and silhouettes. The theme of architecture was analyzed as a central element that had an ongoing impact on the concepts of designers.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2006

Recombinant antibody-toxin is a bifunctional protein that binds and kills a target cell expressing a specific antigen on the surface of the cell, and its structure is chimeric, in which a toxin is fused to an antigen-binding domain such as scFv or Fab. Divalent antibody-toxin molecules showed higher cytotoxicities against cancer cell lines than monovalent molecules. However, the yields of the divalent molecules were very low. In this study, we introduced the CH2, CH3, or CH2-CH3 (=Fc) domain of antibody in the middle of the Fab-toxin between the hinge region of human IgG1 and the toxin domain to increase the yield. The covalently bonded dimer could be formed by three disulfide bridges from cysteine residues in the hinge region. The molecule with the CH3 domain showed about 3-fold higher dimerization yield than previously constructed Fab-toxin molecules, while maintaining the cytotoxic activity comparable to that of scFv-toxin. However, the introduction of CH2 or Fc domain to the same position showed little effect on the dimerization yield. We also observed that the introduction of the CH3 region made it possible to form noncovalently associated dimer molecules.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2022

영화 <성공의 달콤한 향기>의 서사는 중층적 구조를 지니고 있다. 클리포드 오데츠의 시나리오 작업에는 중심 플롯과 서브플롯을 위한 수많은 대사가 생성-분해-삭제-수정을 반복하며 이야기의 밀도를 드높였다. 그 결과, 배우가 대사를 하거나 멈출 때마다 대사를 촉발할 행동이나 사건이 발생하며 배역의 연기에 깊이와 설득력을 부여했다. <성공의 달콤한 향기>의 음악은 중층적 요소를 지니고 있다. 비(非)디제시스의 영역은 엘머 번스타인의 빅 밴드 오케스트라에 의한 관현악곡과 프레드 캣츠의 캄보 밴드에 의한 재즈곡이, 디제시스의 영역은 치코 해밀턴의 오중주단에 의한 재즈곡이 주로 담당하였다. 영화 음악의 실질적 과제는 서사적 동인의 효과를 강화하거나 보충하는 것이었고, 추가적 과제는 소격 효과와 정체 미학을 구현하는 것이었다. 이 영화의 서브플롯과 더블 사운드가 펼쳐 보이는 상호텍스트성의 가능성과 의의는 단순히 느와르 장르의 한계에 닫혀 있지 않다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.741-762
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• 2003

Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng, show a variety of biomedical efficacies such as anti-aging, anti oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities. To understand the effects of compound K (20-O-D-glucopyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxadiol), one of the major metabolite of ginsenosides on the skin, we assessed the expression level of ∼ 100 transcripts in compound K-treated HaCaT cells using cDNA microarray analysis. Compound K treatment induced differential expression of 21 genes, which have been reported to be involved in the organization of ECM structure as well as defense responses in human skin cells. One of the most interesting findings is 2-fold increase in hyaluronan synthase2 (HAS2) gene expression by compound K. We found that change in expression of HAS2 gene represents a specific response of HaCaT cells to compound K because hyaluronan synthase 1, 3 was not changed by treatment with compound K. We also demonstrated that the compound K effectively induced hyaluronan synthesis in human skin cells and hairless mouse skin. The human clinical study indicates that topical application of compound K-containing oil-in-water emulsion showed improvement of xerosis, wrinkle and fine lines in the aged skin. We concluded that compound K has anti-aging effects by the induction of HAS2 gene expression and following hyaluronan synthase.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.161-180
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the midline having the least difference between the right and left structure among the lines that had been used in the submentovertex analysis and secondarily to know the distribution of asymmetry and it's degree existed normal persons and asymmetric patients. The subjects consisted of 40 normal adult patients and 40 asymmetric adult patients. The computerized analyses from submentovertex cepholometric radiograph were carried out. The results were as follows : 1. The right and left difference of the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left foramen spinosum was larger than the other midlines in the anterior area and it was decreased gradually as it progressed posteriorly. Specially the difference of this line was the smallest in the area where there was foramen spinosum. 2. The right and left difference of the perpendicular line through crista gali to the line between right and left foramen spinosum was smaller than the other midlines in the anterior area and it was increased gradually as it progressed posteriorly. 3. The right and left difference of the line between crista gali and anterior process of atlas was constant and smaller than the other midlines. 4. Asymmetry was a common finding in both normal and asymmetry group and left or right dominance of asymmetry was not statistically singnificant. 5. When the analyses were undertaken after submentovertex radiogram was divided into cranial base, upper face and lower face, the more inferior part showed relative asymmetry than the more superior part.