• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.845-851
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• 2018

In this study, the runoff characteristics of the non-rainfall period were examined using daily rainfall data from 1977 to 2017 and the data of runoff into the dam. Results showed that, the mean runoff decreases with longer non-rainfall periods in the Andong dam basin. The correlation coefficient between non-rainfall days and average runoff reaches 0.85. The results of the analysis of the runoff characteristics during the non-rainfall period, based on the preceding rainfall of Andong dam are as follows. The runoff characteristics of the entire non-rainfall period, shows that, for a rainfall of 1.0 mm or less, the runoff height was larger than the rainfall size and the base runoff larger. The correlation between the antecedent rainfall and runoff height was reached as high as 0.9864 in the 30 ~ 50 mm interval of the antecedent rainfall period, and this is the interval where the linearity of rainfall and runoff was at its maximum in the Andong dam basin. The correlation between the antecedent rainfall and the runoff height reached 0.92 for rainfalls of 100.0 mm. However, for rainfalls of 100.0 mm greater, the correlation between the antecedent rainfall and runoff height during the rainfall period was 0.64, which is relatively small. In this study, we investigated the runoff characteristics of the rainfall period in the Andong dam watershed. As a result, it was confirmed that the mean runoff decreased with rainfall duration. The linearity was found to be weak for rainfall events greater than 100.0 mm. The results of this study can be used as data for water balance analysis and for formulating a water supply plan to establish water resource management of Andong dam.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to develop a single residue analytical method for new herbicide metazosulfuron in crops. METHODS AND RESULTS: Brown rice, apple, mandarin, Kimchi cabbage and soybean were selected as representative crops, and clean-up system, partition solvent and extraction solvent were optimized. Instrumental limit of quantitation (ILOQ), linearity of calibration curve and method limit of quantitation (MLOQ) were determined based on the chromatography and whole procedures. For recovery tests, brown rice, apple, mandarin, Kimchi cabbage and soybean samples were macerated and fortified with metazosulfuron standard solution at three levels (MLOQ, 10 MLOQ and 100 MLOQ). And then those were extracted with acetonitrile, concentrated, and partitioned with ethyl acetate. Then the extracts were concentrated again and cleaned-up through $NH_2$ (aminopropyl) SPE cartridge with acetone : dichloromethane (1% acetic acid) (20 : 80, v/v) before concentration and analysis with HPLC. CONCLUSION(S): ILOQ of metazosulfuron was 2 ng (S/N${\geq}$10) and good linearity was achieved between 0.05 and 12.5 mg/Kg of metazosulfuron standard solutions, with coefficients of determination of 0.9999. MLOQ was 0.02 mg/Kg. Good recoveries from 74.1 to 116.9% with coefficients of variation (C.V.) of less than 10% were obtained, regardless of sample type, which satisfies the criteria of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Those results were reconfirmed with LC-MS (SIM). The method established in this study is simple, economic and efficient to be applied to most of crops as an official and general method for residue analysis of metazosulfuron.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.1115-1127
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• 2010

TFT-LCD 생산 과정에서 발생하는 결함을 정확하게 분류하여 결함 유형에 따라 폐기, 사용가능 등의 의사결정을 적절하게 내리는 것은 수율 증가 및 생산성 향상에 필수적인 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 TFT-LCD 생산 라인에서 획득한 결함 영상에 대하여 명암도 분포(intensity distribution) 및 결함 영상의 형태 특징(shape feature)을 분석하여 효과적으로 필름 결함 유형을 분류하는 기법을 제시한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 필름 결함 영상을 결함 영역과 결함이 아닌 배경 영역으로 이진화하고, 결함 영역에서 결함의 선형성(linearity), 명암도 분포를 고려한 형태 특징 등의 여러 가지 특징을 분석하여 기준 영상(referential image) 데이터베이스를 구축하였으며, 분류하고자 하는 결함 영상과 데이터베이스에 저장된 기준 영상과의 매칭 비용 함수(matching cost function)를 정의하여 적절히 매칭시킴으로써 결함의 유형을 결정하였다. 제시한 기법의 성능을 검증하기 위하여 실제 TFT-LCD 생산 라인에서 획득한 결함 영상들을 대상으로 분류 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험 결과 생산 라인에서 이용할 수 있을 정도의 상당한 수준의 분류 정확도를 달성하였음을 보여주었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3629-3634
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• 2013

In this study, an improved method for the quantitative analysis of ginkgolic acids (GAs) in Ginkgo biloba leaf extract was developed. The samples were extracted with a mixture of chloroform and 50 % ethanol, after which the chloroform extract was dried and reconstituted in methanol. GAs with 13:0, 15:1, and 17:1 in the extract were successfully separated within 40 min and determined with high throughput performance using an online column-switching HPLC method using an SP column C8 SG80 ($4.6{\times}150mm$, $5{\mu}m$) and a Cadenza 5CD C18 column ($4.6{\times}150mm$, $3{\mu}m$). The developed HPLC method was validated for Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. The validation parameters were specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and limits of detection and quantitation (LODs and LOQs, respectively). It was found that all of the calibration curves showed good linearity ($r^2$ > 0.9993) within the tested ranges. The LODs and LOQs were all lower than $0.04{\mu}g/mL$. The established method was found to be simple, rapid, and high throughput for the quantitative analysis of GAs in ten commercial Ginkgo biloba leaf extract and dietary supplements. The samples were also analyzed in LC-electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) - multiple-ion reaction monitoring (MRM) mode to confirm the identification results that were obtained by the column switching HPLC-DAD method. The developed method is considered to be suitable for the routine quality control and safety assurance of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.7-11
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• 1976

연산증폭기를 이용한 전압안정부저항회로를 제안하였으며, 전입력전압범위에 걸쳐서 회로를 해석하였다. 부저항영역에서 이 v-i특성이 2가지 구분된 요인에 의해서 이루어짐을 밝혔고, 이 개념에 의해서 역 v-i특성의 꼭지점을 해석하였다. 제안된 회로를 실험하여 얻은 입력 v-i특성의 직선성은 대단히 양호하였으며, 이들의 부저항치는 전압범위 ±1∼±5V에서 -86∼833Ω였다. 그리고 전입력전압범위에서 v-i특성을 검토했다. A voltage-stable negative resistance circuit with operational amplifier is proposed, and circuit analysis is given all the input voltage range. The behavior of the v-i characteristics in the nogative resistance region is devided into two causes, and top points in the input v-i characteristics of the circuit is analyzed with them. Experimental results of the v-i characteristics of the proposed circuit has a good linearity in the negative region with negative resistance, -86Ω∼-833Ω for the input voltage, ± 1∼± 5 colts. The v-i characteristics of the circuit in all the input voltage range is discussed.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.517-521
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• 1999

가스연료 중의 부취제 농도를 기체 크로마토그래피법으로 분석하기 위해 황화합물에 대한 선택성, 직선성, 감도가 매우 우수한 황 화학광 검출기(SCD)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 그리고, 기존의 GC-SCD에 의한 황화합물 분석방법과는 달리 황화합물의 흡착으로 인한 반복성 및 재현성 문제를 해결하는 실험방법을 이용하였다. 이러한 방법에 의하여, 액화석유가스에 첨가하고 있는 황화이메틸, t-부틸메르캅탄, 황화에틸메틸에 대하여 얻은 검정 곡선은 직선성을 잘 보여주고 있다. 실제 시료 중 위의 세가지 황화합물에 대한 실험결과의 정밀성을 측정한 결과, 4일동안 각3회 반복실험하였을 때 높은 재현성을 보여주었고, 농도의 변동계수(coefficient of variation)가 3% 미만의 값을 나타내었다. 결과적으로, 본 연구에 의한 실험방법은 저유소 및 충전소의 액화석유가스 시료에 첨가된 황 함유 부취제의 농도를 신속, 정확하게 측정하는, 매우 정밀성이 높고 유용한 방법이다.

• 분석과학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2012

플라스틱 재료를 생활 필수품 등 많이 사용하는 재료이지만 화재가 발생할 경우에는 유해 가스가 발생하면서 많은 인명 사고가 발생한다. 이러한 화재 발생 할 때 나오는 가스 물질을 원격 모니터링이 가능한 open path FT-IR spectrometer로 측정함으로 해서 유해 가스의 농도를 실시간으로 처리하여 인명 피해를 최소화 할 수 있을 것이다. 원격 모니터링이 가능한 open path FT-IR spectrometer는 원거리 측정이 가능한 푸리에 변환을 사용한 spectrometer와 원거리용 적외선 광원으로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 원격 모니터링 open path FT-IR spectrometer를 사용하여 CO, $NO_2$, HCl, HF에 대한 정량 분석을 실시하였으며, 정량 분석 방법으로는 다중 회귀 곡선(MLR, multiple linearity regression)을 사용하였으며, 정량 분석 결과 결정 계수($R^2$)가 0.95이상의 선형성이 확인되었다. 그리고 플라스틱 재료 중 Urethane과 PVC를 사용하여 연소시킨 후 원거리 원격으로 예측을 실시하여 원거리를 통해서 각 가스의 오염 물질에 대한 농도를 측정하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.223-226
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• 2017

This study was undertaken to develop new analytical methods for assessment of anticoccidials. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was found to be a fast, reliable, and practical method. The anticoccidials used in this experiment were toltrazuril and diclazuril, and the analysis factors were specificity, linearity, accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision. The linearity of each anticoccidial was better than 0.99, and the accuracies were 99.5% and 99.1% with relative SD of 0.5 and 0.4, respectively. To assess whether the developed HPLC method could be effectively applied, toltrazuril and diclazuril post-market veterinary products (five products) that are currently sold were tested. The results revealed no non-compliant items and the method was applied successfully. Therefore, the newly developed HPLC method for anticoccidial assessment described in this study may be useful as a reference method in the Korean Standards of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals for the analysis of toltrazuril and diclazuril.

• 분석과학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a tobacco specific nitrosamine found only in tobacco products. The ability to monitor biomarker concentrations is very important in understanding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). In this study, an efficient and sensitive method for the analysis of NNK in dust was developed and validated using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Dust was collected with filter paper soaked in methanol. The standard solution and dust sample were diluted with 100 mM ammonium acetate and extracted using dichloromethane. Our calibration curves ranged from 25 to $10^4pg/mL$. Excellent linearity was obtained with correlation coefficient values between 0.9996 and 1.0000. The limit of detection (LOD) was 5 pg/mL ($S/N{\geq}3$) and the retention time was 10 min. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 25 pg/mL, and the acceptance criteria was the rate of 98-103% (80-120% at levels up to $3{\times}LOQ$). The coefficient of variations (CV) was 2.8%. Accuracies determined from dust samples spiked with four different levels of NNK racurves ranged that from 25 to 104 pg/mL. Excellent linearity was obtained between 92.1% and 114%. The precision of the method was acceptable (5% of CV). The recovery rates of the whole analytical procedure at low, medium, and high levels were 105.7-116.5% for NNK. The carry-over effects during LC-MS/MS analysis were not observed for NNK. This manuscript summarizes the scientific evidence on the use of markers to measure ETS.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.783-790
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the non-enzymatic antioxidants stabilities in dentifrices by ascorbic acid and tocopherol according to the chemical condition. Methods: For the analysis of two antioxidants, HPLC UV detector system was used. HPLC was performed using sodium sulfate, acetonitrile(ACN), methanol(MeOH) and measuring absorbance at 240-295 nm. To confirm general pH reaction of two compounds, buffer solution was prepared for the analysis. The dentifrice was titrated by pH so as to examine the change of elapsed time in dentifrice. Linearity of calibration curve of two antioxidants was measured. Results: Each compound showed good linearity at optimized wavelength as well as showing good precision. General pH reaction of two antioxidants was examined. Ascorbic acid showed the highest residue(63.23%) at pH 10 and the lowest residue(2.77%) at pH 4. Tocopherol showed the highest residue(55.70%) at pH 7 and the lowest residue(3.31%) at pH 4. As a result of changing elapsed time of antioxidants in dentifrice by pH, components were remained stably at low temperature($39.2^{\circ}F$) and pH 7. Conclusions: It is necessary to keep dentifrice including ascorbic acid and tocopherol, and non-enzymatic antioxidants at pH 7 and low temperature for improving chemical stability.