• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.75-91
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• 2009

It is known that retaining walls were severely damaged as well in the most recent earthquakes having occurred in the countries in the active seismic belts of the world. This damage can be ascribed to the calculation methods used for the designs of retaining walls in the event of their constructions and employment having been accurately carried out. Generally simplified pseudo-static methods are used in the analysis of retaining walls with analytical methods and soil-structure interaction are not considered. In view of these circumstances, in this article by taking soil interaction into consideration, linear and nonlinear behaviours of retaining walls are analyzed with the assistance of LUSAS which is one of the structural analysis programs. This investigations are carried out per LUSAS which employs the finite element method as to the Erzincan (1992) Earthquake North-South component and the obtained findings are compared with the ones obtained from the method suggested in Eurocode-8, which is still effective today, and Mononobe-Okabe method. Not only do the obtained results indicate the distribution and magnitude of soil pressures are depend on the filling soil but on the foundation soil as well and nonlinear effects should be considered in designs of these walls.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.2272-2283
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• 1994

In scanning tunneling microscopy, the piezoelectric actuator is popuilarly used in stacked type as it can provide remarkable positioning resolution and stiffness. The actuator, however, exhibits a considerable amount of hystereic nonlinearity, resulting in losses of overall measuring accuracy when a linear model is used for its control and calibration, In this study, a nonlinear model is proposed for predicting the precise relationship between the input connand voltage and the output displacement of the actuator itself, cross-coupled electrical behaviours of the driving circuit with the actuator, and mechanical characteristics of the driven components of the actuator. Finally experimental results prove that the nonlinear model enhances the measuring of scanning tunneling microscopy by an order ten in comparison with a conventional linear model.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 선형이론을 바탕으로 한 이산계열 대공간구조물의 크기최적화에 따른 후좌굴 거동의 변화에 대하여 조사하고 그 결과를 기술하였다. 먼저 공간구조물의 최적의 부재크기 패턴을 조사하기 위하여 수학적 프로그래밍 기법을 도입하였다. 이때 최소화 해야하는 공간구조물의 전체 부재의 중량을 목적함수로 이용하고 절점에서 발생하는 변위 값과 각 부재에서 발생하는 응력 값을 허용치 이하로 제한하는 제약조건으로 사용하였다. 크기최적화를 통하여 도출된 최적 부재패턴을 가지는 공간구조물의 후좌굴 거동을 통합 비선형해석기법으로 해석하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 수치해석을 통하여 크기최적화에 따른 공간구조물의 후좌굴 거동의 변화는 매우 큰 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 후좌굴 거동의 변화에 대한 예측과 분석결과가 공간 구조물의 설계에 고려되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서 제시한 수치해석 결과는 이산계열 대공간구조물의 설계에 기본 데이터로 제시하였다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.645-656
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• 2020

In this study (Part II), the empirical formulation of corrosion model of a ship's ballast tank was developed to predict nonlinear time-dependent corrosion wastage based on the advanced data processing technique proposed by Part I. The detail on how to propose generalised mathematical formulation of corrosion model was precisely documented in the previous paper (Part I). The statistical scatter of corrosion data at any exposure time was investigated by the refined method and formulated based on a 2-parameter Weibull distribution which selected the best fit PDF. Throughout the nine (9) steps, empirical formulation of the ship's seawater ballast tank was successfully proposed and four (4) key step results were also obtained. The proposed method in Part I was verified and confirmed by this application of seawater ballast tank, thus making it possible to predict accurate behaviours of nonlinear timedependent corrosion. Developed procedures and obtained corrosion damage model for ship's seawater ballast tank can be used for development of engineering software.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.19-49
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• 2023

The present study proposes a theoretical and numerical investigation on the dynamic response behaviour of a functional graded (FG) ceramic-metal tapered rotor shaft system, by the differential quadrature finite elements method (DQFEM) to identify the natural frequencies for modelling and analysis of the structure with suitable validations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of heat gradients on the natural frequency of rotation of FG shafts via three-dimensional solid elements, as well as a theoretical examination using the Timoshenko beam mode, which took into account the gyroscopic effect and rotational inertia. The functionally graded material's distribution is described by two distribution laws: the power law and the exponential law. To simulate varied thermal conditions, radial temperature distributions are obtained using the nonlinear temperature distribution (NLTD) and exponential temperature distribution (ETD) approaches. This work deals with the results of the effect on the fundamental frequencies of different material's laws gradation and temperature gradients distributions. Attempts are conducted to identify adequate explanations for the behaviours based on material characteristics. The effect of taper angle and material distribution on the dynamic behaviour of the FG conical rotor system is discussed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.539-552
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• 2022

Concentrically braced frames (CBFs) possess high stiffness and strength against lateral loads; however, they suffer from low energy absorption capacity against seismic loads due to the susceptibility of CBF diagonal elements to bucking under compression loading. To address this problem, in this study, an innovative damper was proposed and investigated experimentally and numerically. The proposed damper comprises main plates and includes a flange plate angled at θ and a trapezius-shaped web plate surrounded by the plate at the top and bottom sections. To investigate the damper behaviour, dampers with θ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° were evaluated with different flange plate thicknesses of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mm. Dampers with θ = 0° and 90° create rectangular-shaped and I-shaped shear links, respectively. The results indicate that the damper with θ = 30° exhibits better performance in terms of ultimate strength, stiffness, overstrength, and distribution stress over the damper as compared to dampers with other angles. The hysteresis curves of the dampers confirm that the proposed damper acts as a ductile fuse. Furthermore, the web and flange plates contribute to the shear resistance, with the flange carrying approximately 80% and 10% of the shear force for dampers with θ = 30° and 90°, respectively. Moreover, dampers that have a larger flange-plate shear strength than the shear strength of the web exhibit behaviours in linear and nonlinear zones. In addition, the over-strength obtained for the damper was greater than 1.5 (proposed by AISC for shear links). Relevant relationships are determined to predict and design the damper and the elements outside it.