• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.33 no.4 s.111
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental information of growth response of interior landscape plants under a fluorescent lighting, a sunlight at indoor. Ficus elastica Roxb. vu. decora Hort, Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii', Codiaeum variegatum Blume var. pictum Mvell. Arg. 'Exalant' and Cordyline terminalis Kunth var. red edge Hort were examined under 100lux, 500lux, 1,000lux and 2,000lux light intensity consisted of fluorescent lighting and sunlight at indoor condition. Result of experiments are as follows; 1. A Ficus elastica Roxb. var. decora Hort plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status showed the best result under 2,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting in cases of all conditions. 2. A Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii' showed the best effective adaptations under law intensity among experimental plants. A Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii', plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status showed the best result under 1,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting in cases of all conditions. 3. It need the best high establishment of fluorescent lighting among experimental plants for good plant growth. A Codiaeum variegatum Blume var. pictum Mvell. Arg. 'Exalant' plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status was better showed under high light intensity in case of same light source. A plant growth status showed the best result under 2,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting. 4. A Cordyline terminalis Kunth var. red edge Hort plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. but, A plant growth status was better showed under $500lux\sim1,000lux$ than 2,000lux in cases of all intensity of fluorescent lighting. while, A plant growth status was better showed under $1,000lux\sim2,000lux$ in cases of all intensity of sunlight.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.92-100
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental information on the growth response of interior landscape plants under fluorescent light, sunlight and optical fiber lighting indoors. Saintpaulia ‘Delaware’, ‘Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Anthurium scherzerianum and Ardisia crenata were examined using light intensity of 5001ux and 1,0001ux of fluorescent light, sunlight and optical fiber lighting in an interior environment. Results of experiments are as follows; 1) Plant growth status showed the best results under optical fiber lighting compared with fluorescent light or sunlight. 2) Plant growth status was better under 1,0001ux light intensity than 5001ux light intensity and in cases of the same light intensity, the highest growth increase was under optical fiber lighting. while it was showed relatively different according to the different plant species between a fluorescent light and sunlight. 3) The deep pinkish red color of Saintpaulia ‘Delaware’flower was obtained first under an optical fiber lighting and a fluorescent light, a sun light in that order. 4) Regarding interred activity, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, intercellular CO, water absorption rate showed a similar tendency generally in spite of a little difference. Namely, transpiration rate and intercellular CO, $CO_2$ a absorption rate increased according to increase of photosynthetic rate. 5) Photosynthetic rate of test plants except Anthurium scherzerianum increased according to increase of light intensity and increased highest under optical fiber lighting in the same light intensity condition. Increases differed under fluorescent light and sun light. That of Saineaulia ‘Delaware’and Anthurium scherzerianum increased in the order of optical fiber, fluorescent light and sun light, but that of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and Ardisia pusilla increased in the order of optical fiber lighting, sun light and fluorescent light. Summing up these results, In visual value or internal health status of all experimental plants we obtained the highest result under an optical fiber lighting. Finally, we need to introduce an optical fiber lighting in interior landscape space as main light source.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 1999

The present study was carried out to determine the effects of lighting directions and light intensities on the growth of in vitro plantlets of strawberry, potato and lily. The growth of plantlets was affected by two different lighting systems, downward and sideward lighting system. There were no difference for the plantlets of strawberry regardless of lighting directions. However, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight have increased as the light intensity increased. Also, plant height and root length on node culture of potato decreased at high intensity of the sideward lighting, while thickness of stem and root was thicker, fresh weight and dry weight were heavier, and leaf area was increased. Also, bulblet formation on scale culture of lily has been abundant, and fresh weight and dry weight were increased. Thus, the sideward lighting system which loaded three stories for culture vessels with raising light intensity into culture vessels instead of conventional downward lighting system promoted growth and raised the efficiency of production of high quality microplant.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
• /
• v.59 no.4
• /
• pp.364-371
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we propose the landscape lighting power control system with solar sell generator equipment for energy saving, and also which is included the landscape lighting power transformation device. The power transformation device can check inverse current in the power of the solar cell module and control the power of the battery. And we present the design of landscape lighting power control system. The power control system uses microprocessor with charging system and power transformation device. And also it can control the power of loads under consideration intensity of illumination. The landscape lighting loads are composed of LED(Lighting Emitting Diode) and HID(High Intensity Discharge)lamps. To evaluate property, we installed the solar cell array which generate three kilo watt power. Experimental results show that the proposed system can have stability and energy saving on the mixed configuration of electric loads with DC and AC lamps.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.205-208
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we have measured and compared the optical and electrical characteristics of LED(light emitting diode) and CNT(carbon nano-tube) lightings. Especially, the IES format files are used for each of the luminaire LlD(luminous intensity distribution) analysis and light level simulation for analyze the maximum, minimum, and average light level. In the future, when CNT and the LED based lighting technology standards are writing, this data will be used in judging.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.136-141
• /
• 2009

Considerable part of energy consumption is occurred by through buildings. Especially, Lighting energy consumption is most part of one in building. There is very various ways and systems for saving lighting energy. In method, It can be divided Passive Daylighting System and Active Daylighting System. Louver, Screen and use of window's character is representative ways of passive system. Reflection mirror, optical pipe and optical fiber is representative method of active system. Introducing day light on which place can't be introduced day light by typical method is important advantage of active system. Except introducing day lighting methods, efficient lighting management system can save lighting energy. It called lighting automation system. Representatively, Occupancy-related automation and Brightness-related automation system is that. According to occupancy and introducing daylighting level properly operate lamp's intensity of illumination that can save lots of energy. Though Introducing daylighting method, effective lighting system we can get proper intensity of illuminance level and energy saving.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 2010

This study manufactured spot lighting fixtures for the broadcasting stage and LED lighting fixtures, measured the illumination, dimming, and color temperature, and installed LED lighting and spot Fresnel lighting to the camera by turns with the same subject to confirm and look into the possibility of replacement of LED lighting fixtures by shooting the figures and comparing them. The analysis of the photographed subject found that the lighting apparatus of LED 144[W] was superior to the tungsten halogen illuminator of 1 [kW] in terms of brightness and color of an image. The measuring of the energy used in 144 [W] LED lighting equipment and tungsten halogen 1[kW] lighting equipment suggested that LED saved more than 80 [%] of energy in the same intensity of illumination. The comparison of the light distribution and light intensity distribution of halogen tungsten illuminator of 1[kW] and LED 144[W] lighting apparatus found that when a subject received concentrated lighting, effective lighting is possible because the illumination intensity on the surface of the lighted subject was high. In performance halls or studios of about 6 [m] height, there is no problem of illumination intensity in LED 144 [W] illuminator. Therefore, it is possible to replace the existing tungsten halogen 1 [KW] illuminator one to one.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.374-382
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the present conditions of illumination techniques in dental clinics in order to contribute improvement of operating environment. This study also aimed exploring qualitative and quantitative luminous intensity required for color temperature in dental clinic illumination, which was a critical part of esthetic dentistry. Materials and methods: A total of forty-eight local dental clinics were selected for sampling a) luminous intensity, and b) color temperature. The author measured the luminous intensity and the color temperature with lux meter and color meter respectively between 12pm and 2pm. The dental unit chair placed in the general operation positions were kept the distance 60 cm then all dental units were measured three times and averaged. The author measured the luminous intensity and color temperature with both common dental operating light and then without operating light in different office environments. The study was conducted under three conditions: 1 artificial illumination in clear day light 2. artificial illumination in cloudy day light, and 3. artificial illumination alone. Results : The results obtained were as follows. 1. The average luminous intensity in dental clinic lighting was 425 lux which was not sufficient to produce the optimal shade of the patient's teeth. Furthermore, the average luminous intensity even in full operating lighting was 9532 lux which fell short of the required level of 10,000 lux. 2. The average color temperature of all dental clinics surveyed was 5169 K which met the optimal range. However, only 33.3% fell in the correct region between 5,000-5,500 K as 25% were over 5,500 K and 41.6% were below 5,000 K. As a result, 66.7% were under insufficient color temperature conditions. 3. The dental unit chair placed next to a window, hence exposure to natural lighting, had significantly higher luminous intensity and color temperature compared to the dental unit chair which didn't have a window or natural lighting. 4. The data analysis revealed that only 6.3% of the dental clinic were met the standard of the average luminous intensity and color temperature.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2000.07c
• /
• pp.2159-2161
• /
• 2000

The LEDs are used for signal lights including traffic signals and telecommunication equipments. Advanced foreign countries are making R&D of ultra high intensity LEDs, and the LEDs are expected to new light source. Optical characteristics by measurements of 14 LEDs; each 2 of 3$\Phi$ R/G/Y LEDs, each of 5$\Phi$ Y/G/Y LEDs and each of high intensity 5$\Phi$ R/G/B/A/W LEDs. Comparison on chromaticity coordinate of high intensity 5$\Phi$ White LED by forward V/I.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2001

We need to how about activity types, lighting conditions and physical features in a plate that is a object for the reasonable and economic lighting design. Thus, lighting designer analyzes spare features and completes lighting design by using luminaire that has a suitable luminous intensity distribution. There are special data in this study from analysing about activity types, lighting conditions and physical features of intelligent buildings that are getting an essential infrastructure in the information society. Intelligent building could be classified with office space, passing space, high ceiling space, one-side working space for the analysis. Also, four luminous intensity distributions and fluorescent fixtures, which are the mutt used luminaires in office building, are designed from the data of intelligent building.