• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.802-809
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• 2008

Gamijangsing-tang (GMJST) has been used for treatment of bone formation in traditional korean medicine. The purpose of this study is to examine effects of GMJST on bone metabolism. The effects on the osteoblasts were determined by measuring (1) cell proliferation, (2) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, (3) osteoprotegerin (OPG) secretion. (4) The morphologic changes of cells were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Mineralization of calcium was determined by quantitative alizarin red-S assay and mineralization of phosphate was observed by von kossa staining. The morphologic changes of mineralization on the cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects on the osteoclast were investigated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Following results were obtained: Celluar activity of osteoblastic cells (MG-63) was significantly increased in 10-5 of dilution of GMJST. ALP and OPG activity of osteoblastic cells were increased in GMJST than normal MG-63 cell. Mineralization of osteoblastic cells were increased in GMJST than normal MG-63 cell. The activity of osteoclast cells (RAW 264.7) was significantly decreased in GMJST than normal MG-63 cell. From the results, GMJST stimulated the proliferation and mineralization of bone-forming osteoblast and inhibited by bone- lysis osteoclast.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.6 s.93
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• pp.420-423
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• 1999

A Sciarid fly, Lycoriella mali was a serious pest in commercial production of the cultivated mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus. It was found in light trap and compost samples taken from mushroom houses during all growing seasons. The fly population 'was increased with the development of mushroom growth, the larvae occurred about 30 days after spawn inoculation in compost. The highest population was developed spring cultivation season (March to June) and decreased during summer season (August to September). The larvae feed on mycellium and compost; injury to the growing mushroom mycellium and the subsequent consumption of the primordia; they entered and tunneld sporospore stem and infect pinhead formation which would be resulted in decrease of mushroom yield.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.437-445
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• 2014

A time-series sediment trap was operated at a water depth of 4950 m from July 2003 to May 2004 at KOMO station ($10^{\circ}30^{\prime}N$, $131^{\circ}20^{\prime}W$) in the northeastern equatorial Pacific, with the aim of understanding the temporal variation of planktonic foraminifera assemblages in response to the seasonal shift of Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A total of 22130 planktonic foraminifera specimens belonging to 30 species and 11 genera were identified, which shows a distinct seasonal variation with high values (125~288 specimens $m^{-2}day^{-1}$) in the winter to spring (December-May) and low values (16~23 specimens $m^{-2}day^{-1}$) in the fall (September-November). In addition, seasonal ecological differences of foraminifera assemblages are distinctly recognizable: omnivorous foraminifera occurred predominantly during the summer season, whereas herbivorous ones were dominant during the winter season. Such seasonal variations correspond to the seasonal shift of the ITCZ. Enhanced occurrence of herbivorous species during the winter-spring season seems a result of surface water mixing generated by the southward shift of the ITCZ. The increase in omnivorous species during the summer season may be due to the northward movement of the ITCZ caused by weakened wind speed, resulting in the intensification of water column stratification and nutrient-poor environment. A significant reduction of planktonic foraminifera specimens during the fall is attributed to heavy precipitation and reduction in light intensity.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 1984

韓國內 9個道別 地域 가운데 5個道의 駐韓美軍事地域에서 39個의 誘蚊燈에 의하여 2,114 Trap night를 稼動하여 2년동안 채집하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 3屬, 14種, 65,847마리의 암모기가 收集되었으며 금빛 숲모기, 중국 얼룩날개 모기, 빨간 집모기, 작은 빨간 집모기가 가장 넓게 분포되어 主種을 이루었다. 2. 작은 빨간 집모기가 수집된 전체 암모기의 55.4%를 차지하였으며 5개도 전역에 걸쳐 분포되었으나 90% 이상이 평택지역에서 수집되었다. 이 종은 7월부터 수집되기 시작하여 8월에 가장 높은 개체군 밀도를 나타내고 9월부터 감소한다. 1982년 채집된 모기수는 1981년 모기수의 5배에 達했다. 3. 중국 얼룩 날개 모기는 수집된 전체 암모기수의 28.2%를 나타냈고 5월부터 散發的으로 나타나서 7,8월에 높은 개체군 밀도를 보이고 9월부터 감소한다. 1981년과 1982년의 채집된 모기수는 큰 差異를 나타내지 않았다. 4. 금빛 숲모기는 수집된 전체 암모기수의 8.8%를 나타냈고 5개도 전역에 걸쳐 발생하나 주로 지방에서 수집되었다. 이 종은 5월부터 나타나서 6월에 가장 높은 개체군 밀도를 보이고 그후부터 감소하는 경향을 보이나 8월에 다시 조금 높은 발생을 나타내나 6월의 그것에 비하여 낮다. 5. 빨간 집모기는 전체 암모기수의 5.3%를 차지하였고 5개도 전역에 여름에 걸쳐 고루 분포되었다. 6. Anopheles lesteri는 평택지역에서 네마리가 채집되었으나 이 종은 중국 얼룩 날개 모기와 형태학적인 區分이 어려워서 더욱 면밀한 考察이 필요되어지며 나머지 9종의 모기는 매우 적은 수가 채집되었다. 7. 살충제와 모기 驅除法에 관하여 간락하게 논의되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.415-418
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• 2013

Thermoluminescent dosimeter utilizes the fact that when irradiated specimen is heated up, some part of the absorbed energy is emitted from the specimen as light with longer wavelength. This research aims at analyzing the glow curves of four TLD-100 exposed to a magnetic field and those of other four TLD-100 not exposed to one by treating them with heat and irradiating them, which are commonly used as thermoluminescent dosimeter, in the same condition. As the result of the experiment, regarding the electrons captured by irradiation, some of the electrons of lower traps were combined with positive holes of valence band through the exposure to a magnetic field, and the peak size decreased by 48%. The reduction in the size of the lower traps caused the TLD-100 exposed to a magnetic field to display a low level of dose. In addition, low traps estimated activation energies are 1.6 eV and 1.5 eV.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.281-284
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• 1994

On .lune and .truly 1994, two cases of vivax wl,Blaria were consecutively diagnosed at the Yongsan Hospital, Chung-Ang University in Seoul. The first patient was a soldier sewing in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) while the second case was a resident of a village near DMZ. Neither patients had history of being abroad. Republic of Korea (ROK) has been free of malaria since the mid-1970s except for imported cases. The two ivfn malaria cases, together with an additional patient detected in 1993, occurred in relatively small areas near DMZ. This necessitated an epidemiologic surveillance. When medical records and blood smears in the areas were examined, no other cases were found. Of 7,723 mosquitoes collected by a black light trap for ho nights in June, 7,066 (91.5%) were Anopheles sinensis. In order to evaluate a significance of the recent malaria occurrence, a surveillance system should be operated in the areas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2012

In this study, we fabricated an amorphous InGaZnO pseudo-MOS transistor (a-IGZO ${\Psi}$-MOSFET) with a stacked $Si_3N_4/SiO_2$ (NO) gate dielectric and evaluated reliability of the devices with various thicknesses of a $SiO_2$ buffer layer. The roles of a $SiO_2$ buffer layer are improving the interface states and preventing degradation caused by the injection of photo-created holes because of a small valance band offset of amorphous IGZO and $Si_3N_4$. Meanwhile, excellent electrical properties were obtained for a device with 10-nm-thick $SiO_2$ buffer layer of a NO stacked dielectric. The threshold voltage shift of a device, however, was drastically increased because of its thin $SiO_2$ buffer layer which highlighted bias and light-induced hole trapping into the $Si_3N_4$ layer. As a results, the pseudo-MOS transistor with a 20-nm-thick $SiO_2$ buffer layer exhibited improved electrical characteristics and device reliability; field effective mobility(${\mu}_{FE}$) of 12.3 $cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, subthreshold slope (SS) of 148 mV/dec, trap density ($N_t$) of $4.52{\times}1011\;cm^{-2}$, negative bias illumination stress (NBIS) ${\Delta}V_{th}$ of 1.23 V, and negative bias temperature illumination stress (NBTIS) ${\Delta}V_{th}$ of 2.06 V.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 1996

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H) films were fabricated by the low-frequency (60Hz) glow discharge of the mixture of methane and hydrogen, and their electrical properties were investigated. We observed that a-C:H films show the persistent photoconductivity(PPC) by illumination of heat-filtered while light for a few seconds. The PPC was about 10 times larger than the annealed dark conductivity. The samples clearly showed metastable characteristics. With increasing illumination times from 1 to 100 min, the annealing activation energy of the PPC was about 0.39eV. The annealing temperature at which the PPC disappeared increasing from $100^{\circ}C$ to $130^{\circ}C$. Illumination longer than 80 min leads to the formation of ${\pi}$ defects and to the decrease of PPC. From these results, we tentatively propose that the states in the ${\pi}$ band act as deep trap centers generating the metastabilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.95-95
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• 2014

An OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode) device based on the emissive electroluminescent layer a film of organic materials. OLED is used for many electronic devices such as TV, mobile phones, handheld games consoles. ULVAC's mass production systems are indispensable to the manufacturing of OLED device. ULVAC is a manufacturer and worldwide supplier of equipment and vacuum systems for the OLED, LCD, Semiconductor, Electronics, Optical device and related high technology industries. The SMD Series are single-substrate sputtering systems for deposition of films such as metal films and TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) films. ULVAC has delivered a large number of these systems not only Organic Evaporating systems but also LTPS CVD systems. The most important technology of thin-film encapsulation (TFE) is preventing moisture($H_2O$) and oxygen permeation into flexible OLED devices. As a polymer substrate does not offer the same barrier performance as glass substrate, the TFE should be developed on both the bottom and top side of the device layers for sufficient lifetimes. This report provides a review of promising thin-film barrier technologies as well as the WVTR(Water Vapor Transmission Rate) properties. Multilayer thin-film deposition technology of organic and inorganic layer is very effective method for increasing barrier performance of OLED device. Gases and water in the organic evaporating system is having a strong influence as impurities to OLED device. CRYO pump is one of the very useful vacuum components to reduce above impurities. There for CRYO pump is faster than conventional TMP exhaust velocity of gases and water. So, we suggest new method to make a good vacuum condition which is CRYO Trap addition on OLED evaporator. Alignment accuracy is one of the key technologies to perform high resolution OLED device. In order to reduce vibration characteristic of CRYO pump, ULVAC has developed low vibration CRYO pumps to achieve high resolution alignment performance between Metal mask and substrate. This report also includes ULVAC's approach for these issues.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.473-479
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• 1994

A seed coating system was developed to screen non-viable seeds in the Brassicaceae. The crops studied were radish, chinese cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower and brussel sprout. Sinapine leaked more from artificially deteriorated seeds than non-deteriorated seeds. Seed coating with cellulose was to trap the sinapine leakage in the non-viable Brassicaceae vegetable seeds. The seeds were first hydrated, then coated with cellulose powder to capture the leakage. Coated seeds were dried, then sorted two fractions-fluorescent seeds and non-fluorescent seeds under the UV light. The ratio of the fluorescent seeds were higher in bad seedlot than good one. The germination rate were increased 3∼35% by eliminating the fluorescent seeds in tested Brassica vegetable seeds. Sowing non-fluorescent seeds resulted in a greater percent normal seedling than non-coated seeds in all seedlots. The fluorescent seeds contained a high percentage of the dead and abnormal seedlings.