• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.146-160
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• 2000

The current study aimed to establish rationales for using three different voice therapies (resonant voice, accent method, and tongue-tip trills) by comparing the aerodynamic, and vocal fold closure characteristics under three therapies. A total of 8 male under/graduate students(tenors) participated as subjects. In order to compare aerodynamic characteristics, air flow rates and subglottal pressures were measured using Phonatory function analyzer under three therapy conditions. The characteristics of vocal fold closure patterns also were examined by comparing closed quotients(CQ) measured by Electroglottograph(EGG) under three therapy conditions. However, maximum phonation time (MPT) was measured under only resonant voice and tongue-tip trills using Aerophone II. The results are summarized as follows : 1) CQ, subglottal pressure and MPT decreased significantly under resonant voice as compared with throat voice, but the air flow rate increased significantly under resonant voice. 2) CQ decreased significantly under accent method as compared with throat voice, but both air flow rate and subglottal pressure increased significantly under accent method. 3) Both CQ and MPT decreased significantly under tongue tip trills as compared with throat voice, but air flow rate and subglottal pressure increased significantly under tongue-tip trills. Clinical implications of results were discussed in light of differential effects of three voice therapies.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.259-271
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sensory stimulation therapy on the physical growth and behaviors of infants accommodated at two Korean orphanages. Method: Thirty-eight full term infants were assigned to a control (n=20) or an experimental (n=18) group within 14 dys of birth. In addition to routine orphanage care, infants in the experimental group received 15 minutes of massage twice a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Result: Compared to the control group, the experimental group had gained significantly more weight and had larger increases in length and head circumference after the 4-week intervention period. In addition, the experimental group showed significantly better behavioral performance in the scoring of habituation (e.g., light), motor (e.g., motor maturity), and state range (e.g., peak of excitement, rapidity of build-up) behavioral clusters of Brazelton's NBAS. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that sensory stimulation therapy may facilitate the physical and behavioral development of the newborn infants placed in the orphanages.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the power output of ultrasound in Korean clinics and compare the value with Korean and global standards. Methods: A total of 69 units were measured for ultrasound power output. The normal range of power output level was ${\pm}30%$ of the output set according to KFDA standards. Device model, manufacturer, ERA, and BNR were obtained via simple questionnaires. A portable ultrasound power meter was used for output measurement. Results: 37 machines, with reported ERA values, were assessed for power output per unit area. Of these machines, 13 (37.14%) were considered to be compliant with US FDA standards at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, $20W/cm^2$ and 18 (51.43%) were considered within KFDA standards. The remainder of the machines were outside the standard error and evidenced irregular output levels, even though most of them were the same model. Conclusion: Appropriate ultrasound intensity is incredibly important for safety and effective use. Therefore, the KFDA standards regarding ultrasound may require revision in light of global standards, including BNR and ERA additionally, attention should be paid to regular calibration for safe use in clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2002

This paper presents a design and a control of a New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis and dynamic walking simulation for this system. The New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis is distinguished from other one by which has a very light-weight and a new RGO type with servo motors. The gait of a New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis depends on the constrains of mechanical kinematics and initial posture. The stability of dynamic walking is investigated by ZMP(Zero Moment Point) of the New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis. It is designed according to a human wear type and is able to accomodate itself to human environments. The joints of each leg are adopted with a good kinematic characteristics. To test of the analysis of joint kinematic properties, we did the strain stress analysis of dynamic PLS and the study of FEM with a dynamic PLS. It will be expect that the spinal card injury patients are able to train effectively with a Reciprocating Gait Orthosis. The New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis was able to keep smooth walling by the orthotic servo motors and hybrid system, make a sequence of flexion and extension of the joint during the walking. Also, the New Reciprocating Gait Orthosis turned out to be a satisfactory orthosis for walling training, for the spinal cord injury patient.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.514-515
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• 2008

Low level laser therapy has various therapy effects. This paper performed the basic study for developing the Low Level Laser Therapy Equipment for medical treatment. The apparatus has been fabricated using the laser diode and microprocessor unit. This equipment was fabricated using a micro-controller and a laser diode, and designed to enable us to control light time, frequency and so on. In this study, the designed device was used irradiation to find out how 850 nm laser diode affected the cell proliferation of RAT bone-marrow cells. Experiment was performed to irradiation group and non-irradiation group for Rat bone marrow cells. MTT assay method was chosen to verify the cell increase of two groups and the effect of irradiation on cell proliferation was examined by measuring 590 nm transmittance of micro plate reader. As a result, the cell increase of Rat bone marrow cells was verified in irradiation group as compared to non-irradiation group. The fact that specific wavelength irradiation has an effect on cell vitality and proliferation is known through this study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to determined the effect of low-frequency electrical stimulation on the denervated gastrocnemius muscles of the albino rats, Sprague-Dawley. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley adult male albino rats were divided into non-treated (normal) group, denervated (control) group, denervated and electrical stimulated (experiments). The gastrocnemius muscles of the right leg were submaximally stimulated with 30 Hz electrical stimulation. After 4-week period, the animals were sacrificed, and muscle were removed, fixed by immersion, and processed for light and electron microscopy. The numbers of Ag-NOR increased significantly (p<0.001), but significant reductions of girth(p<0.01), wet muscle weight (p<0.001), high glycogen content fiber (p<0.01), and mitochondrial number (p<0.05) were found in denervated control group. In comparison with control group, significant increase of right leg girth (p<0.05), wet muscle weight (p<0.001), high glycogen content fiber (p<0.05), numbers of Ag-NOR(p<0.001), number of mitochondria (p<0.01), mitochondrial volume found in electrical stimulated experimental group. The results suggest that the electrical stimulation of the muscle partially prevented the denervated atrophy in the rat gastrocnemius muscles.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.41-43
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• 2002

PDT-mediated cyototoxicity basically depends on the penetrated light-dose into the tumor tissue. This limits the efficiency of PDT to the superficial tumor region typically less than 1 cm. The localized photochemical generation of reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen is known to increase expression of assortment of early response genes including heat shock protein. In order to increase PDT cytotoxicity in the treatment of solid tumor, it is desirable to combine PDT with other therapeutic effects. In this preliminary study we evaluated enhanced cytotoxicity from the PDT-mediated expression of thymidine kinase in a transfected tumor cell line. Two types of photo sensitizers, a hematoporphyrin derivative(Photogem, Russia) and aluminium sulphonated phthalocyanine(Photosense, Russia) were used to evaluate the overexpression of hsp-70 in PDT-treated cell. Transient increase of hsp-70 was observed at 6-8 hrs later following irradiation in the photosense-treated cell whereas it was not observed in Photogem-treated cell. In the presence of ganciclovia, transfected cell showed a 17％ increase in the cytotoxicity compared to the PDT only cell.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2021

Background: Physical activity and quality of life (QOL) influence the health status of older adults. Recently, the use of wearable devices to monitor physical activity has increased. Objects: This study examined the relationship between the amount of physical activity, measured using a wearable device, and QOL among older adults. Methods: In total, 71 older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) were enrolled. The amount of physical activity was measured using a wearable device with a wrist strap, and daily physical activity was classified according to intensity (sedentary, light, moderate, or very active). Self-reported QOL was evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were conducted to analyze parametric and non-parametric variables, respectively. The relationship between amount of daily physical activity and SF-36 scores was assessed. Results: The correlation analyses revealed positive correlations between the amount of moderate-intensity and very active physical activity (minutes/day) and SF-36 scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Physical activity of at least moderate intensity is associated with better QOL in older adults. Further studies are required to verify the effects of increased physical activity on QOL in older adults.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2024

This study evaluated the additive impact of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on erythrosine-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm by measuring colony-forming units and applying confocal laser scanning microscopy. Fifty-six bovine incisors, free from dental caries or structural defects, were utilized in this study. Dentin specimens were created by cutting with a low-speed diamond disk under a continuous flow of water, resulting in dimensions of 6.0 mm × 3.0 mm × 2.0 mm. The specimens were categorized into 4 groups: Control, EDTA, PDT, and EDTA + PDT. S. mutans ATCC 25175 was employed to establish biofilm on the dentin specimens. A 17% EDTA solution was applied for 1 min. For PDT, erythrosine served as the photosensitizer. Finally, a light-emitting diode source (385 - 515 nm) was employed in this study. The PDT group exhibited a significantly lower bacterial count than both the control and EDTA groups (p < 0.001). The EDTA + PDT group demonstrated a significantly reduced bacterial count compared to the other 3 groups (p < 0.001). This study demonstrated that EDTA enhances the antimicrobial efficacy of PDT on S. mutans biofilm. Even at a low concentration of photosensitizer, the combination of EDTA and PDT yields a significant antibacterial effect.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.17.1-17.1
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• 2011

Inorganic III-V light emitting diodes (LEDs) have superior characteristics, such as long-term stability, high efficiency, and strong brightness compared to conventional incandescent lamps and OLED. However, due to the brittle property of bulk inorganic semiconductor materials, III-V LED limits its applications in the field of high performance flexible electronics. This seminar introduces the first flexible and implantable GaN LED on plastic substrates that is transferred from bulk GaN on Si substrates. The superb properties of the flexible GaN thin film in terms of its wide band gap and high efficiency enable the dramatic extension of not only consumer electronic applications but also the biosensing scale. The flexible white LEDs are demonstrated for the feasibility of using a white light source for future flexible BLU devices. Finally a water-resist and a biocompatible PTFE-coated flexible LED biosensor can detect PSA at a detection limit of 1 ng/mL. These results show that the nitride-based flexible LED can be used as a type of implantable LED biosensor and as a therapy tool.