• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.213-216
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a combination of linear Fresnel lenses optimized for ${\times}25$ solar concentration. The combined lens consists of $5{\times}5$ linear Fresnel lenses. Each Fresnel lens is of $10{\times}10$ mm and optimized to tilt the incoming light onto a solar cell of the same size. All of the optimized Fresnel segments have the same pattern height of 35 ${\mu}m$, draft angle of $4^{\circ}$, and edge groove round of 1 ${\mu}m$ but with different facet angles varying from $14.1^{\circ}$ to $31.2^{\circ}$. The solar concentrating efficiency of the combination is shown to be over 80% and more robust than a conventional single ${\times}25$ circular Fresnel lens in terms of pointing misalignment and manufacturing errors. A sensitivity analysis finds that the edge groove round should be kept as small as machining allows since the concentrating efficiency drops ~5% per 1 ${\mu}m$ increase of the edge groove.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.196-200
• /
• 2013

Heretofore, it was enough that most of optical transceiver modules for automotive networks have the performance of data rate from 10 Mbps to 150 Mbps. As the required data rate in automotive infotainment systems has recently been increasing, the development of a new optical transceiver having high speed data rate over 1Gbps is now required. Therefore, we suggested a next-generation bi-directional optical transceiver module using vertical cavity surface emitting laser technology and plastic clad fiber technology, for the next-generation automotive optical network, MOST1000. We fabricated the high-speed and compact optical transceiver having 1 Gbps data rate and -22 dBm sensitivity satisfying bit error rate $10^{-12}$.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.648-662
• /
• 2004

These days fashion market is overflown with many brands and their identities are not so clear that the advertisement emphasizing the characteristics of the products don＇t seem to be adequate in appealing the customers. Therefore it is required that the sensible image advertisement which appeals to the customers by stimulating their feeling and sensitivity to attract customer＇s interest. At that point, VMD especially of POP advertisement that can be attract direct purchasing plays an important part to build up the accurate image of brand to consumers. Even thought today＇s individualized consumers take much interested in the fresh and original expressions, the visual expressions of fashion advertisements still focus on using photographs. The most advertisement of photograph has a limit that it shows only an immediate fraction, so it can＇t present whole image It can deliver more- imaginations and message than photograph if fashion illustration is used in advertisement. Therefore the purpose of this study was to present the application of fashion illustration for the POP advertisement Twelve pieces of fashion illustrations were produced and classified three parts according to their images and expression techniques. Paper sculpture techniques were applied for fashion image expression, for paper is easily meet daily life and ecological materials. For study procedure and contents, the concept and useful functions of fashion illustration and the concept of paper sculpture were examined as a theoretical background, and various uses and techniques of paper sculpture by analysing a number of paper sculpture art works were also studied. Also the concept, roles and functions of POP advertisement were discussed, and then the examples that the fashion illustration applied in the advertisement were analyzed through case study. The theme of my works was jean fashion brand whose brand image is significant, Twelve pieces of fashion illustrations using paper sculpture techniques were produced and various kinds of paper were used in expressing the paper sculpture technique. Each works were cut out the forms and used a pertinent light for making cubic effect shadow when displayed them. In my works Ⅰand Ⅱ, Ⅰ illustrated jeans in two images of sexy and casual, these were created slightly bigger than actual body size in order to attract consumer＇s gaze at show window or store. In my works Ⅲ, Ⅰ illustrated part or model of a jean product so that it could be used as addition to main display.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.27 no.12
• /
• pp.1393-1402
• /
• 2017

In plants, calcium ($Ca^{2+}$)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important sensors of $Ca^{2+}$ signals. Previous research demonstrated the expression of the OsCPK11 gene in various tissues at the transcription level, but its developmental and biochemical functions at the protein level were not determined. This study was aimed to identify biochemical characteristics of OsCPK11. GST- OsCPK11 was expressed in E. coli and used for an in vitro kinase assay. Biochemical analyses identified OsCPK11 as a CDPK. OsCPK11 autophosphorylated itself and transphosphorylated histone III-s and MBP as substrates in the presence of $Ca^{2+}$. The activity of the recombinant OsCPK11 was influenced by $Mg^{2+}$, with optimum activity detected at pH 7.0-7.5. OsCPK11 activity was not affected by $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, or $Na^+$ in the presence of a high level of $Ca^{2+}$. Autophosphorylation of OsCPK11 decreased $Ca^{2+}$ sensitivity of OsCPK11. An anti-OsCPK11 rabbit antibody recognized 95.5 kD of GST-OsCPK11, as shown by an immunoblot analysis. These results shed light on the function of OsCPK11 in $Ca^{2+}$-mediated signaling in rice.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2004

During the 1980s, Textile design achieved a remarkable growth in creating aesthetic effect and in establishing its standing by responding to demands of the time effectively and seeking changes proactively. This was a period when Textile design constructed its modern concept as it was attempting a qualitative improvement through advanced technology, high class, and differentiation. The advent of advanced materials through the development of textile engineering, employment of craft techniques to further cultural and artistic orientation, and restoration of decorativeness in pursuit of sensitivity, all these developments of the 1980s contributed to the rise of above characteristics. In this study, attempts are made to grasp the new trend of Textile design during the 1980s and to review diverse methods of aesthetic creation and plastic possibility which this trend presented for the Textile, and thus to recognize the role of Textile design and its importance in a new light. The new trend of Textile design during the 1980s can be summarized as follows: 1) An appreciation of the creative aspect of the Textile. As attempts are made to emphasize visual and sensitive aspects of the medium, Textile tended to become an object of art itself. 2) A new awareness of the representative and plastic capacity of the fiber material. As attempts are made to develope the creative potential of the Textile, representation of the material tended to become more diversified. 3) A recognition of the Textile as a proper means to deliver the spirit of the time. As the medium accommodates and fuses diverse cultures including traditional culture, more emphasis was place on cultural contents of the Textile. In the process of pursuing these changes, Textile design of the 1980s has also contributed to the creation of new values, laying the groundwork for its emergence as an advanced high value-added industry.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.174-184
• /
• 2008

Complementary color filter array (CCFA) is widely used in consumer-level digital video cameras, since it not only has high sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio in low-light condition but also is compatible with the interlaced scanning used in broadcast systems. However, the full-color images obtained from CCFA suffer from the color artifacts such as false color and zipper effects. These artifacts can be removed with edge-adaptive demosaicking (ECD) approaches which are generally used in rrimary color filter array (PCFA). Unfortunately, the unique array pattern of CCFA makes it difficult that CCFA adopts ECD approaches. Therefore, to apply ECD approaches suitable for CCFA to demosaicking is one of the major issues to reconstruct the full-color images. In this paper, we propose a new ECD algorithm for CCFA. To estimate an edge direction precisely and enhance the quality of the reconstructed image, a function of spatial variances is used as a weight, and new color conversion matrices are presented for considering various edge directions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional method with respect to both objective and subjective criteria.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 1984

To investigate diurnal variations of opiate receptor binding and its modification by experimental condition or treatment of various centrally-acting drugs, the amount of maximum $^3H-morphine$ binding in rat midbrain homogenates was measured at 4 hour intervals for 24 hours. Animals were conditioned under the controlled L : D, 12 : 12 cycle or D: D, 12 : 12 cycle, for 3 weeks and treated with 0.5 ml of physiological saline or drugs for 2 weeks. A highly significant diurnal rhythm with peak at 22 hour of early dark phase with an amplitude$(0.68{\pm}0.06\;pmole/mg\;protein)$ of +51.1% and nadir $(0.33{\pm}0.03\;mole/mg\;prtein)$ at 18 hour of late light phase with an amplitude of -26.6% was found in control group. 24 tour mean of $^3H-morphine$ binding was $0.45{\pm}0.03\;pmole/mg$ protein respectively. Constant dark adaptation or treatment of reserpine, pargyline, imipramine, amphetamine and chlorpromazine modified the diurnal rhythm in the time of peak and nadir binding shape, phase, amplitude of the diurnal curve and 24 hour mean of $^3H-morphine$ binding. However, Kd values were not changed in all experimental groups : Statistical analysis at times of least and great binding indicates that the differences in $^3H-morphine$ binding were due to changes not in the affinity, but in the number of binding sites. The results are interpreted with regard to the diurnal rhythm of opiate receptor finding. The modes of action of psychoactive drugs are closely related to postulated changes of receptor sensitivity in neuropharmacological aspects.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.315-322
• /
• 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity to environmental stress, and changes in the photosynthesis capacity in Abies koreana seedlings by age and to suggest the most effective age for restoration. To identify these physiological characteristics of A. koreana, the chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity of 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- and 6-year-old A. koreana seedlings were observed from June 2020 to June 2021. The maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm), a chlorophyll fluorescence measurement parameter, was strongly positively correlated with the monthly average temperature (1-year-old seedling: r=0.8779, 2-year-old seedling: r=0.8605, 3-year-old seedling: r=0.8697, 5-year-old seedlings: r=0.8085, and 6-year-old seedlings: r=0.8316). The Fv/Fm values were the lowest in winter (November 2020-March 2021). In addition, the Fv/Fm values of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings in winter were lower than that of 5- and 6-year-old seedlings, while the Fv/Fm values in summer were relatively higher than those in winter. Further, the Fv/Fm values of seedlings of all ages decreased in August 2020, when the monthly average temperature was the highest. In particular, 1-year-old to 3-year-old seedlings showed Fv/Fm values less than 0.8. Further, the photosynthetic capacity measured in August 2020 increased with increasing seedling age. The analysis of variance results for summer Fv/Fm values showed significant differences in age-specific averages (p<0.05), and Duncan's multiple range test showed significant differences between 5- and 6-year-old seedlings and 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings (p<0.05). These results suggested that the 5- and 6-year-old seedlings were less sensitive to environmental stress and showed better photosynthetic capacity than the 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings. Therefore, 5-year-old or older A. koreana seedlings can be used as restoration materials because they can show increased adaptability and stable growth during transplantation due to their relatively high environmental resistance and photosynthetic capacity.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.353-358
• /
• 2018

In this study, it is describe to an optimization analysis process for the weight reduction of the voltage converter in the electric vehicle charging systems. The optimization design is a technique that finds the optimal material distribution under a given material quantity constraint by combining the design sensitivity with the material properties and the mathematical optimization. Among the topology optimization, a lightweight design is performed by a solid isotropic material with penalization with simple formula and well-convergence. The lightweight design consists of three steps. As a first step, a finite element model for the basic design of the on-board voltage converter was constructed and static analysis was performed on the load. In the second step, the optimum shape is obtained for the lightweight by performing the topology optimization using the solid isotropic material with penalization applying the stiffness coefficient of the isotropic material to the static analysis result. As a final step, impact analysis was performed by applying a half-sinusoidal pulse shape impact load which satisfies the impact test standard of the vehicle-mounted part with respect to the optimum shape. In the topology optimization, the design domain was defined as the mounting bracket area, and the design technology was finally achieved by optimizing the mounting bracket to achieve a weight reduction of 20% over the basic design.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.199-209
• /
• 2020

"Positive Influence(PI)" of popular star has recently emerged as a social concern, but the lack of prior research has led to confusion over its concept and range of activity. On this point, this study carried out to lay the groundwork for discussions on the systematization of related theories, focused on identifying the current situations by analyzing articles for 15 months from January 2019 to March 2020 when related reports were in full swing. As a result of the analysis of the remarks from the entertainers mentioned in the articles, they were not clearly aware of the concept while doing good deeds under the name of PI in light of the study outcome by Aegean and Singer(2013). The motivations for good deed were classified into six types, including difficulty empathy, fandom reward, participation urge, nidana emphasis, experience subjugation, and memory evocation in the order of frequency of cases. Specific behaviors of PI were followed by donations of money and valuables for 54.4 percent, participation of social agendas for 14.0 percent, volunteering for 13.2 percent, joining campaign for 11.4 percent, other good deeds for 4.0 percent, and philanthropy for 3.0 percent. In occupational analysis, the concentration of donations was also evident. Their activities in the fields of human rights sensitivity, environmental protection and self-management, which are expected to have great effects with their influence, have been extremely poor. The results of the study first require academia to establish a interdisciplinary concept for PI. It also suggests that entertainers and their agencies should take far more strategic approach to evolve the PI event in a way that utilizes the advantages of each job group, such as actors, singers and comedians, and expands the diversity of areas.