• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.295-298
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 쑥에서 서식하는 Pleotrichophorus pseudoglandulosus (Palmer, 1952) 를 처음으로 보고한다. 무시성충에 대한 형태학적 정보, 기주식물, 분포지역, 한국에 분포하는 Pleotrichophorus 속 종들에 대한 분류키를 제공한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2020

The Li-ion battery is considered to be one of the potential power sources for electric vehicles. In fact, the efficiency, reliability, and cycle life of Li-ion batteries are highly influenced by their thermal conditions. Therefore, a novel thermal management system is highly required to simultaneously achieve high performance and long life of the battery pack. Basically, thermal modeling is a key issue for the novel thermal management of Li-ion battery systems. In this paper, as a basic study for battery thermal modeling, temperature distributions inside the simple Li-ion battery pack (comprises of nine 18650 Li-ion batteries) under a 1C discharging condition were investigated using measurement and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation approaches. The heat flux boundary conditions of battery cells for the CFD thermal analysis of battery pack were provided by the measurement of single battery cell temperature. The temperature distribution inside the battery pack were compared at six monitoring locations. Results show that the accurate estimation of heat flux at the surface of single cylindrical battery is paramount to the prediction of temperature distributions inside the Li-ion battery under various discharging conditions (C-rates). It is considered that the research approach for the estimation of temperature distribution used in this study can be used as a basic tool to understand the thermal behavior of Li-ion battery pack for the construction of effective battery thermal management systems.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 변량방제기술을 적용한 농용 회전익기를 이용하여 살포한 입자의 구간비행 상태에서의 거리별 살포 패턴을 측정함으로써 무인 항공방제의 농약 부착률과 입자경의 분포 균일도를 평가하였다. 비행을 등속으로 유지하는 안내비행과 자동비행 모드에서 유효살포폭 3.6m로 인접비행 구간과 살포폭이 일부 중첩된 피복률에 대한 가로방향 분포의 변이계수는 30% 정도를 보였고, 비행방향 진로위치에 대한 피복률의 변이계수는 10% 미만으로 매우 균등한 것으로 평가되었다. 따라서 살포작업시 기체의 지면속도(ground speed)의 변이를 보상하는 변량살포기술은 균일도 측면에서 우수한 것으로 판명되었으며, 또한 입자경의 분포에 있어서 체적중위직경(VMD)과 개체중위직경(NMD) 모두 항공방제에 적절한 크기와 균일한 분포를 보였다. 따라서 농용 회전익기를 이용하여 소필지의 항공방제작업을 무인화 하는데 있어, 변량방제장치를 적용함으로써 소규모 필지의 균일 정밀방제를 도모하고자 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.711-724
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• 2016

다양하게 변화하는 복잡한 생존환경 하에서는 여러 요인이 동시에 사람이나 시스템의 수명에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 요인이 동시에 수명에 영향을 주면서, 영향력의 크기가 상황에 따라 동적으로 변화하는 신뢰성 모형에 관한 연구를 수행한다. 수명에 영향을 주는 요인으로, 자연적 고장과 더불어, 하나의 개체의 사망이나 고장으로 인한 잔여 개체에 대한 스트레스 증가, 외부 충격, 그리고 생존 환경 스트레스 수준을 동시에 고려한다. 이들 요인들을 모두 포함하는 두 가지 모델을 고려하고, 이변량 수명 분포를 유도한다. 또한 이들 두 모형을 서로 비교하며, 이들 모형으로부터 얻어지는 최대값의 분포와 최소값의 분포를 비교하고자 한다. 제안된 두 가지 신뢰성 모형에서의 최대값 분포와 최소값 분포의 비교를 위하여 확률적 순서화에 관한 개념을 소개하며, 이에 기초하여 최대값 분포와 최소값 분포에 대한 확률적 비교를 수행한다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.775-791
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• 2017

이진 데이터는 일상 생활에서 자주 접할 수 있는 데이터이다. 이진 데이터를 회귀 분석하는 방법으로 로지스틱(Logistic), 프로빗(Probit), Cauchit, Complementary log-log 모형이 주로 쓰이는데, 이 방법 이외에도 Liu(2004)가 제시한 t 분포를 이용한 로빗(Robit) 모형, Kim 등 (2008)에서 제시한 일반화 t-link 모형을 이용한 방법 등이 있다. 유연한 분포를 이용하면 유연한 회귀 모형이 가능해지는 점에 착안하여, 이 논문에서는 Theodossiou(1998)에서 제시된 기운 일반화 t 분포 (Skewed Generalized t Distribution)의 이용하여 우도 함수를 최대로 하는 이진 데이터 회귀 모형을 소개한다. 기운 일반화 t 분포를 R glm 함수, R sgt 패키지를 연결하여 이 논문에서 제시한 방법을 R로 분석할 수 있는 방법을 소개하고, 피마 인디언(Pima Indian) 데이터를 분석한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.85-110
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• 2005

This paper aims at formulating various statistical models for the study of a ten year Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) data collected from various WIM stations in Hong Kong. In order to study the bridge live load model it is important to determine the mathematical distributions of different load affecting parameters such as gross vehicle weights, axle weights, axle spacings, average daily number of trucks etc. Each of the above parameters is analyzed by various stochastic processes in order to obtain the mathematical distributions and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method is adopted to calculate the statistical parameters, expected values and standard deviations from the given samples of data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) method of approach is used to check the suitability of the statistical model selected for the particular parameter and the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the distributions of maximum value stochastic processes of a series of given stochastic processes. Using the statistical analysis approach the maximum value of gross vehicle weight and axle weight in bridge design life has been determined and the distribution functions of these parameters are obtained under both free-flowing traffic and dense traffic status. The maximum value of bending moments and shears for wide range of simple spans are obtained by extrapolation. It has been observed that the obtained maximum values of the gross vehicle weight and axle weight from this study are very close to their legal limitations of Hong Kong which are 42 tonnes for gross weight and 10 tonnes for axle weight.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.361-373
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• 2020

The community dynamics of benthic diatoms in the hypersaline environment are investigated to advance our understanding how salinity impacts marine life. Diatoms were sampled in the two salterns encompassing salt Ponds, ditches, and seawater reservoirs (n = 11), along the salinity gradient (max = 324 psu), and nearby tidal flats (n = 2). The floral assemblages and distributions across sites and stations showed great variations, with a total of 169 identified taxa. First, not surprisingly, higher diversity of benthic diatoms was found at natural tidal flats than salterns. The saltern diatoms generally showed salinity dependent distributions with distinct spatial changes in species composition and dominant taxa. Biota-environment and principal component analysis confirmed that salinity, mud content, and total nitrogen were key factors influencing the overall benthic community structure. Some dominant species, e.g., Nitzschia scalpelliformis and Achnanthes sp. 1, showed salinity tolerance / preference. The number of diatom species at salinity of >100 psu reduced over half and no diatoms were found at maximum salinity of 324 psu. The highest salinity for the observed live diatoms was 205 psu, however, a simple regression indicated a theoretical salinity threshold of ~300 psu on the survival. Finally, the indicator species were identified along the salinity gradient in salterns as well as natural tidal flats. Overall, high species numbers, varying taxa, and euryhaline distributions of saltern diatoms collectively reflected a dynamic saltern ecosystem. The present study would provide backgrounds for biodiversity monitoring of ecologically important microalgal producers in some unique hypersaline environment, and elsewhere.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop practical tools for the mechanical design of cylindrical porous media subjected to a broad gap in a hygrothermal environment. The planar axisymmetrical and transient hygrothermoelastic field in a porous hollow cylinder that is exposed to a broad gap of temperature and dissolved moisture content and is free from mechanical constraint on all surfaces is investigated considering the nonlinear coupling between heat and binary moisture and the diffusive properties of both phases of moisture. The system of hygrothermal governing equations is derived for the cylindrical case and solved to illustrate the distributions of hygrothermal-field quantities and the effect of diffusive properties on the distributions. The distribution of the resulting stress is theoretically analyzed based on the fundamental equations for hygrothermoelasticity. The safety hazard because of the analysis disregarding the nonlinear coupling underestimating the stress is illustrated. By comparing the cylinder with an infinitesimal curvature with the straight strip, the significance to consider the existence of curvature, even if it is infinitesimally small, is demonstrated qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, by investigating the bending moment, the necessities to consider an actual finite curvature and to perform the transient analysis are illustrated.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

This study investigated characteristics of rainfall and water quality in Saemangeum area with attention to temporal and spatial distributions. A high variability in rainfall was noted during July and August. The temporal analysis of water quality data indicated that DO and TN as well as BOD, COD and SS were within national standards except for increased concentrations during spring and summer, unlike TP values that indicated poor water quality. Standard deviation showed a high variability in SS among the seasons most especially during summer. The high dispersion indicated variability in the chemical composition of pollutants where the temporal and spatial variations caused by polluting sources and/or seasonal changes were most evident for BOD and COD during winter and spring. The box plots and bar charts showed steadily low concentrations of BOD, COD, TN and TP except within Iksan and notable significant variations in SS concentrations among the monitoring stations. Thus, high pollution levels requiring intervention were identified in Mangyeong river basin with particular concern for areas represented by Iksan station. It was noted that Iksan received a considerable amount of rainfall which meant high runoff which could explain the significant pollution levels revealed in the water quality spatial distribution. Major pollution contributing pollutants within Saemangeum area were identified as SS, BOD, COD and TN. Therefore the present results could be used as a guideline for the temporal and spatial distributions analysis of both rainfall and water quality in Saemangeum watershed.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1705-1713
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• 2010

피로시험의 결과가 큰 편차를 보이는 하이브리드 복합재 조인트부에 대해서 통계적 피로수명 평가법을 이용하여 신뢰도 높은 피로수명을 추정하고자 한다. 저상버스 차체에 사용되는 하이브리드 복합재 조인트부를 절취하여 시험대상으로 하였으며, 이 조인트 시편으로 외팔보형 피로굽힘시험을 수행하였다. 피로시험 데이터를 정규분포, 대수정규분포, 와이블 분포를 이용하여 근접시킨 피로수명 곡선들과 각각 비교함으로써 하이브리드 복합재 조인트부의 내구수명 추정에 가장 적합한 확률분포를 선정하였다. 선정된 와이블 확률분포를 이용해 확률-응력-수명(P-S-N) 곡선을 구함으로써 하이브리드 복합재 조인트부에 대한 통계적 수명예측 평가절차와 신뢰성설계의 기초자료를 제시하였다.