• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.29-29
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• 2001

Leukocytes are important elements in the host defense against microbial infections. A variety of antimicrobial peptides named as the cathelicidin family have been identified from leukocytes. PMAP-23 derived from porcine myeloid cells is an antimicrobial peptide belong to the cathelicidin family. PMAP-23 was reported to have potent growth inhibition activity against bacterial and tumor cells with no hemolytic activity.(omitted)

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 1998

White blood cells (WBCs) are present in most human ejaculates, but abnormally high concentration of seminal leukocytes may reflect an underlying pathological condition. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined leukocytospermia as status of more than $10^6$ WBC/mL of semen. The purpose of this study was firstly, to compare the outcomes between conventional IVF and ICSI in leukocytospermia, and secondly, to investigate whether ICSI may be an alternative treatment for patients with leukocytospermia. Total 121 cycles of conventional IVF and ICSI candidates underwent IVF cycles at PL Infertility Clinic. Semen Parameters including concentration, motility, morphology of spermatozoa and concentration of leukocytes were assessed from the raw ejaculates. There was no difference in sperm concentration, motility and morphology. The rates of fertilization and good embryo development from ICSI were significantly higher than those from conventional IVF in leukocytospermia (63.9% & 48.6%, respectively for ICSI group and 33.4% & 24.1%, respectively for IVF group, p<0.001). The pregnancy rate after ICSI was also higher than that from conventional IVF (34.3% vs 21.6%, p<0.05). These results indicate that the presence of seminal leukocytes ($>1\times10^6$ WBC/mL of semen) is adversely related with fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy rate. Therefore the measurement of seminal leukocytes in routine semen analysis appears to be of prognostic value with regard to male fertilizing potential. In conclusion, it is suggested that ICSI is an alternative choice of treatment for patients with leukocytospermia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.686-690
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• 2015

The adrenergic receptor beta 2 (ADRB2) plays a role in various physiological responses of the muscle to exercise, such as contraction and relaxation. Given its important role in muscle function, we investigated the structure of the horse ADRB2 gene and its expression pattern after exercise to determine if it can serve as a putative biomarker for recovery. Evolutionary analyses using synonymous and non-synonymous mutation ratios, were compared with other species (human, chimpanzee, mouse, rat, cow, pig, chicken, dog, and cat), and revealed the occurrence of positive selection in the horse ADRB2 gene. In addition, expression analyses by quantitative polymerase chain reaction exhibited ubiquitous distribution of horse ADRB2 in various tissues including lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, thyroid, appendix, colon, spinal cord and heart, with the highest expression observed in the lung. The expression of ADRB2 in skeletal muscle was significantly up-regulated about four folds 30 minutes post-exercise compared to pre-exercise. The expression level of ADRB2 in leukocytes, which could be collected with convenience compared with other tissues in horse, increased until 60 min after exercise but decreased afterward until 120 min, suggesting the ADRB2 expression levels in leukocytes could be a useful biomarker to check the early recovery status of horse after exercise. In conclusion, we identified horse ADRB2 gene and analyzed expression profiles in various tissues. Additionally, analysis of ADBR2 gene expression in leukocytes could be a useful biomarker useful for evaluation of early recovery status after exercise in racing horses.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.251-259
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• 1986

This study was performed to assess the effect of inosiplex(ISP) on the resistance of mice Candida albicans infection, the migration of chicken leukocytes, the production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor(LIF), and the cell-mediated immunity(CMI) to lepomin in multibacillary lepromatous leprosy patients. The treatment with ISP before or on the time of infection with C. albicans had no or deliterious effect, and treatment with ISP after infection had no effect on the recovery of C. albicans from the kidneys of mice. The migratory ability of chicken leukocytes and the production of LIF from splenocytes of mice were not affected by ISP treatment. However, ISP decreased the migration of chicken leukocytes in vitro, and this decrease was dose-dependent. The therapy of lepromatous leprosy patients with ISP for 10 or 30 days clearly showed the increase of the significant positive rate of Mitsuda skin test to lepromin. The immune recovery as a result of the therapy was found to be the best in the group of patients treated for 30 days. This results suggest that (1) the effect of ISP in renal candidiasis can vary depending on the time of treatment relative to infection, (2) ISP can primarily change the migratory ability of chicken leukocytes but does not affect the production of LIF in mice, and (3) the classical therapy combined with ISP can reinforce or restore the defences of lepromatous leprosy patients against Mycobacterium leprae.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.263-267
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• 2007

We have previously demonstrated that the level of leukocytes and neutrophils significantly increased immediately and 30 min after exercise. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an inflammatory cytokine that acts as a chemokine on neutrophils. In the present study, we evaluated the correlation between the number of neutrophils and leukocytes, and between the number of neutrophils and plasma IL-8 level. Long-distance trained runners (TRs, n = 10) and untrained sedentary control subjects (SEDs, n = 10) ran for one hour at 70% of heart rate reserve. In the TR, the number of neutrophils correlated significantly with the number of leukocytes in the blood. However, there was no correlation between the number of neutrophils and the plasma IL-8 concentration in both groups. Expressions of IL-8 protein and mRNA were markedly higher in the TRs as compared to the SEDs at three time intervals (pre-exercise, immediately after exercise, and post exercise). In conclusion, our results show that 1) the neutrophil level was dependent on the level of leukocytes 2) there was no correlation between the neutrophils count and plasma IL-8 concentration and 3) a higher plasma IL-8 level in athletes may be a unique characteristic of intensive training.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 1987

Attempts were to produce porcine leukocyte interferon(PorLeIF) and porcine immune interferon (PorIIF) in the culture of porcine leukocytes. The interferons produced were tested for antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus on poreine-derived PK(15) cells, human-derived FL cells, and Korean native black goat-derived BGK cells. The results were summarized as follws: 1. In the isolation of porcine leukocytes, the mean isolation rate by the buffy coat separation method (28.7%) was higher than that by the hydroxyethyl starch-RBC sedimentation method (9.2%). 2. When NDV(BI)-induced PorLeIFs were assyed on PK(15) cells and FL cells, the mean titers were 129 IU/ml and 72 IU/ml respectively, being 55.8% of the activity in homologous species system expressed in heterologous system. 3. The activities of PHA P-induced PorIIFs were 197 IU/ml on PK (15) cells and no activity on human FL cells. The mean antiviral activity of PorIIF was 1.5 times that of PorLeIF in PK (15) cells. 4. The cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus was observed in BGK cells derived from Korean native black goat kidney permitting interferon assay on the cells. While the cross-species antiviral activity of reference human ${\alpha},\;{\beta}-interferon$ was observed on the cells, PorLeIF and PorIIF did not show any activity.

• BMB Reports
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.302-307
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• 2018

Pinosylvin is known to have anti-inflammatory activity in endothelial cells. In this study, we found that pinosylvin had a pro-apoptotic activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-preconditioned leukocytes. This finding suggests that pinosylvin has an effect on the resolution of inflammation. To understand the detailed mechanism, we examined if pinosylvin enhances cyclooxygenase (COX) or lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in THP-1 and U937 cells. LOX activity was found to be markedly increased by pinosylvin, whereas COX activity was not altered. Furthermore, we found that pinosylvin enhanced both levels of ALOX 15 mRNA and protein, implying that LOX activity, elevated by pinosylvin, is attributed to upregulation of ALOX 15 expression. From this cell signaling study, pinosylvin appeared to promote phosphorylations of ERK and JNK. ERK or JNK inhibitors were found to attenuate ALOX 15 expression and LPS-induced apoptosis promoted by pinosylvin. In conclusion, pinosylvin enhances the apoptosis of LPS-preconditioned leukocytes by up-regulating ALOX 15 expression through ERK and JNK. These findings suggest that pinosylvin may induce the resolution of inflammation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.96-115
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• 2003

Introduction and Objectives : Administrating the Sopungchengyoungtanggami-bang (SCG) extract on to the atopic dermatitis(AD) is to study change of external dermal formation, change of leukocytes in vasculature, change of lipid formation in stratum corneum and distribution of ceramide and this study is done through forcing injury to rat's back skin which are lipid protect formation in stratum corneum. Materials and Methods : The AD which caused intentionally using the external application on the rat's back skin was used the SCG. The change of leukocytes in vasculature has been identified through optima 5.2 and student t-test and the results were made into dermal formation graph. Results : After dispensing SCG extract into the AD, the dermal injury was decreased. Especially, recover of lipid protection formation which include lipid and ceramide in stratum corneum is suppressing acute inflammation that some factors are PKC, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-12B which controled the secretion of relating inflammatory cytokine, also went onto decrease of angiogenesis, and the decrease of degranulated mast cell. In addition, the decrease of epithelial injury also caused the growth of cell to decrease in stratum basale and cytoclasis. In the vasculature, the leukocytes were also decreased and it could relate to decrease AD Conclusions : Thus, SCG has effect on AD suppressing the dermal injury through recovering of lipid protection formation in stratum corneum.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.112-129
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• 2003

Introduction and Objectives : Applying the saingheylyunbooemgami(SY) extract on to the atopic dermatitis(AD) is to study change of external dermal formation, change of leukocytes in vasculature, change of lipid formation in stratum corneum and distribution of ceramide and this study is done through forcing injury to rat's back skin which are lipid protect formation in stratum corneum. Materials and Methods : The AD which caused intentionally using the external application on the rat's back skin was used the SY. The change of leukocytes in vasculature has been identified through optima 5.2 and student t-test and the results were made into dermal foramtion graph. Results : After dispensing SY extract into the AD, the dermal injury was decreased, Especially, recover of lipid protection formation which include lipid and ceramide in stratum corneum is suppressing acute inflammation that some factors are PKC, TNF-${\alpha}$, lL-12B which controled the secretion of relating inflammatory cytokine, also went onto decrease of angiogenesis, and the decrese of degranulated mast cell. In addition, the decrease of epithelial injury also caused the growth of cell to decrease in stratum basale and cytoclasis. In the vasculature. the leukocytes were also decreased and it could relate to decrease AD. Conclusions : Thus. SY has effect on AD suppressing the dermal injury through recovering of lipid protection formation in stratum corneum.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 1998

Effects of swainsonine (SW: 8${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$-indolizidine-1alpha, 2${\alpha}$, 8${\beta}$-triol from Locoweed) on the cellular and nonspecific immune responses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) wer e studied in ICR mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups (10mice/group), and LPS was given to each mouse 1 hr after i.p. injection with 3.7mg/kg of SW by i.p. injection twice a week for 14 days at a dose of 2mg/kg. Immune responses of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response (DTH) to sheep red blood cells (s-RBC), phagocytic activity and natural killer (NK) cell activity were evaluated. LPS treatment didn`t affect NK cell activity, phagocytic activity, DTH to s-RBC compared with those in controls, and phagocytic activity of sareoma 180 tumor bearing mice. However, circulating leukocytes were significantly decreased. Combinaton of LPS and SW increased circulating leukocytes significantly compared vath that in LPS alone, and DTH to s-RBC, NK cell activity and phagocytic activities of normal and sarcoma tumor bearing mice were not affected. These findings indicate that SW didn`t affected the cellular immune responses suppressed by LPS but significantly increased circulating leukocytes.