• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.151-163
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• 1989

Nerve conduction studies help delineate the extent and distribution of the neural lesion. The nerve conduction was studied on upper(median, ulnar and radial nerves) and lower(personal, posterior tibial and sural nerves) extremities in 83 healthy subjects 23 to 66 years of age. and normal values were established(Table 1). The mean motor terminal latency (TL) were : median. 3.6(${\pm}0.6$)milliseconds ; ulnar. 2.9(${\pm}0.5$) milliseconds ; radial nerve. 2.3(${\pm}0.4$) milliseconds. Mean motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV) along distal and proximal segments: median. 61.2(${\pm}9.1$) (W-E) and 57.8(${\pm}13.2$) (E-Ax) meters per second ; ulnar. 63.7(${\pm}9.1$) (W-E) and 50.(${\pm}10.0$) meters per second. Mean sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV) : median. 34.7(${\pm}6.7$) (F-W), 63.7(${\pm}7.1$) (W-E) and 62.8(${\pm}12.3$) (E-Ax)meters per second ; ulnar. 38.0(${\pm}6.7$)(F-W), 63.4(${\pm}7.5$) (W-E) and 57.0(${\pm}10.1$) (E-Ax)meters per second ; radial, 45.3(${\pm}6.8$) (F-W) and 64.2(${\pm}11.0$) (W-E) meters per second ; sural nerve, 43.4(${\pm}6.1$) meters per second. The amplitudes of action potential and H-reflex were also standardized. Mean H latency was 28.4(${\pm}3.2$) milliseconds. And. the fundamental principles, several factors altering the rate of nerve conduction and clinical application of nerve stimulation techniques were reviewed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1989

T. verrucosum infection has been reported for the first time in 1986 in Korea and has been increasing progressively. To evaluate the progress of clinical and histopathological change of dermatophytosis caused by T. verrucosum, inoculation study, using T. verrucosum isolated from infected human(human strain) and from infected cattle(cattle strain), was done in 24 male albino Hartley guinea pig. Their clinical and histopathological changes were evaluated. In addition, comparison for the growth rate between human strain and cattle strain on Sabouraud's glucose agar was made. The results were as follows: 1. Growth rate on Sabouraud's glucose agar : Cattle strain showed significantly more rapid growth rate than human strain on Sabouraud's glucose rate at $25^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$. And cattle strain showed more rapid growth rate at $37^{\circ}C$ than $25^{\circ}C$. But human strain showed no significant difference of growth rate at both temperature. 2. Clinical findings: Initial erythema, scale and crust were developed about 8th after inoculation. All three findings reached maximum severity about 12th to 16th day and disappeared about 30th to 34th day after inoculation. There was no significant difference in progress of erythema, scale and crust between cattle strain and human strain. 3. Histopathological findings: Although mild acanthosis was noticed on the 3rd day after inoculation, the other findings including parakeratosis, intraepidermal abscess, spongiosis and vascular change, cellular infiltration were found on 9th day after inoculation. They reached maximum severity on the 12th day and lasted to the 25th day after inoculation. After that, all three findings were decreased gradually between 29th day and 33th day. On the PAS stainings, hyphae and spores were found on the 6th day and disappeared on the 21th day after inoculation. 4. In trichophytin skin test, all of the 24 guinea pigs became positive within average $9.83{\pm}1.17$ lays. These findings suggested that dermatophytosis caused by T. verrucosum induced rapid cell mediated immunity and contributed to rapid resolution of the lesion.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.84-95
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• 1995

A clinical and histopathological study was performed on ninety-four patients with nephrotic syndrome (91 idiopathic and 3 secondary) who were admitted to Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital during the period of nine years, from January 1985 to May 1994. The results were as following. 1. the ratio of male to female was 1.76:1. In young age group, minimal change was the most predominant type. In old age group, membranous glomerulonephritis and focal glomerulosclerosis were predominant types. 2. The primary nephrotic syndromes were 96.8% and secondary nephrotic syndromes were 3.2%. Histopathologic findings of 94 renal biopsy tissue were classified into minimal change (43.6%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (29.8%), membranous glomerulonephritis (12.8%), TypeI membranous proliferative glomerulonephritis (4.3%), focal glomerulosclerosis (3.2%) and others (6.4%). 3. The response of eighty-six patients treated with steroid showed complete remission in 51.2%, partial remission in 20.9%, steroid dependent in 2.3%, and no effect in 25.6% of cases respectively. The response to steroid therapy was most effective in the patients with minimal change lesion. 4. In the patient with membranous proliferative glomerulonephlitis, long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor treatment showed less deterioration of renal function.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.117-130
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• 2005

In both deteministic user Optimal Traffic Assignment Model (UOTAM) and stochastic UOTAM, travel time, which is a major ccriterion for traffic loading over transportation network, is defined by the sum of link travel time and turn delay at intersections. In this assignment method, drivers actual route perception processes and choice behaviors, which can become main explanatory factors, are not sufficiently considered: therefore may result in biased traffic loading. Even though there have been some efforts in Stochastic UOTAM for reflecting drivers' route perception cost by assuming cumulative distribution function of link travel time, it has not been fundamental fruitions, but some trials based on the unreasonable assumptions of Probit model of truncated travel time distribution function and Logit model of independency of inter-link congestion. The critical reason why deterministic UOTAM have not been able to reflect route perception cost is that the route perception cost has each different value according to each origin, destination, and path connection the origin and destination. Therefore in order to find the optimum route between OD pair, route enumeration problem that all routes connecting an OD pair must be compared is encountered, and it is the critical reason causing computational failure because uncountable number of path may be enumerated as the scale of transportation network become bigger. The purpose of this study is to propose a method to enable UOTAM to reflect route perception cost without route enumeration between an O-D pair. For this purpose, this study defines a link as a least definition of path. Thus since each link can be treated as a path, in two links searching process of the link label based optimum path algorithm, the route enumeration between OD pair can be reduced the scale of finding optimum path to all links. The computational burden of this method is no more than link label based optimum path algorithm. Each different perception cost is embedded as a quantitative value generated by comparing the sub-path from the origin to the searching link and the searched link.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2016

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by comedo, papule, cyst, nodule and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Meanwhile, it is also induced by adverse event of drugs. Among them, acneiform folliculitis is a side effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, which is an anticancer agent, and its incidence may occur in upward of 75 ~ 100% of cases. The main method of acne vulgaris treatment is oral antibiotics, retinoids, topical medication and so on. However, it is limitation that teratogenicity caused by retinoids and antibiotic resistance increased by using antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of topical recombinant human (rh) EGF in treating facial acne vulgaris. Twenty three Koreans (age: 10 ~ 29 years) with mild to moderate acne vulgar participated in the study and applied topical rhEGF cream (trouble control EGF) with 3 products (trouble control clarifying cleansing foam, trouble control all-clear filling toner, redroll calming moisture) on their face twice daily for four weeks. Several assessment methods were applied: Acne lesion counts score by investigator's global assessment, efficacy and satisfaction score by subjects. Skin sebum output level, hydration level and redness level were also measured at each visit. At the final visit, skin sebum level, transepidermal water loss, skin redness statistically decreased and acne lesions (comedone, papule) were statistically reduced. No severe side effects were observed during the study. In conclusion, topical rhEGF seems to be an effective and safe adjuvant treatment option for mild acne vulgaris.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.359-369
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• 2019

To evaluate the effect of simultaneous use of platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptor blocker and catheter assisted thrombus aspiration in the treatment of coronary stent thrombosis. 267 patients ($64.6{\pm}12.1years$, 187 men) with stent thrombosis on coronary angiography at Chonnam National University Hospital from July 2008 to July 2017 were enrolled. We devided two groups based on treatment modalities: Group I (N=32, platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptor blocker and thrombo-aspiration), Group II (N =235, either platelet glycoprotein IIb /IIIa receptor blocker or thrombo-aspiration, or none of both), and the major cardiac events including death, revascularization and stent thrombosis were followed up for 1 year. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups including age (Group I: $60.8{\pm}12.9$ vs. Group II: $65.1{\pm}11.9$, p= 0.603), male (Group I: 75.0% vs. Group II: 69.4%, p=0.681), and left ventricular ejection fraction (Group I: $58.1{\pm}9.0%$ vs. Group II: $59.5{\pm}11.9%$, p= 0.127). The major cardiac events did not differ between the two groups (Group I: 12.5% vs. Group II: 23.8%, p=0.180). The secondary endopoints were as followings: The mortality rate (Group I: 0% vs. 13.2%, Group II: p=0.034), target lesion revascularization (Group I: 9.4% vs Group II: 6.4%, p=0.461) and stent thrombosis (Group I: 3.1% vs. Group II: 4.7%, p=1.000). In conclusion, in the treatment of coronary artery stent thrombosis, simultaneous use of platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptor blocker and thrombus aspiration was associated with better clinical outcomes regarding 1 year mortality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.381-389
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• 2019

Although the development of Drug-eluting stent (DES) improved the ISR significantly more than the Bare metal stent (BMS), the coronary stent restenosis (ISR) treatment still has a high recurrence rate. This study is compared the efficacy of DEB with that of DES implantation in patients with ISR. Among 4,316 patients who underwent coronary stent implantation at the Chonnam National University Hospital between November 2012 and December 2016, 187 patients developed ISR on follow-up coronary angiography ($66.3{\pm}11.0years$, 123 males) were enrolled and divided into two groups according to revascularization method as group I (DEB group; n=127) and group II (DES group; n=60). Primary end point was defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), composite of cardiac death (CD), myocardial infaction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR) and stent thrombosis (ST) during two-year follow-up between the two groups. There were no differences in the baseline characteristics and angiographic findings except that prevalence of device length was shorter ($21.1{\pm}5.3$ vs. $25.3{\pm}9.6 mm$, p<0.002) in group I.Two-year MACE were not different in the two groups (8.7%vs.10.0%, p=0.789). The incidences of cardiac death (0%vs.0%, p=1.000), MI (1.6%vs.6.7%, p=0.085), TLR(8.7% vs. 10.0%, p=0.789) and ST (0% vs. 0%, p=1000). DEB demonstrated comparable risk reduction for MACEs compared with DES in patients with ISR during two-year follow-up. DEB might be good alternative for the treatment of ISR in patients with ISR.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.20-24
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• 2019

Purpose Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) scan is used in nuclear medicine, for which $^{99m}Tc-sestaMIBI$ is administered by intravenous injection. However, the breast uptake rate of $^{99m}Tc-sestaMIBI$ is less than 1% of the total dose administered, relying on blood flow conditions of organs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of changes to body temperature on the uptake of $^{99m}Tc-sestaMIBI$ in breast tissue. Materials and Methods We investigated 30 breast cancer patients who performed more than one follow-up MBI scan. All scans were acquired by Discovery 750B (Genral Electric Healthcare, USA). $^{99m}Tc-sestaMIBI$ injected with 740 MBq (20 mCi), after 60 minutes, gained bilateral breast CC (CranioCaudal), MLO (Medio Lateral Oblique) View. The follow-up examination was then classified into 15 body temperature control group and 15 body temperature non-control group, and gained breast image in the same way as before. The breast uptake rate was analyzed in the MLO View of the opposite side of the lesion, and blind images were evaluated. Results The breast uptake rate increased by 30.31% in the body temperature control group and it was statistically significant(P<0.05), and 0.96% in the body temperature non-control group, and it was not statistically significant(P=0.955). There was a significant difference in the uptake rate between the body temperature control and the non-control group of P value of 0.01. Evaluation of blind images showed significant results in terms of the quality of the images. Conclusion Increased breast tissue uptake was observed when the subject was kept warm. When the body temperature was raised after injection, dilation of the peripheral blood vessels can be achieved. As a result, the blood flow became smooth and the breast uptake rate increased. In addition, an increase in breast tissue uptake will improve the quality of images.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.32
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• pp.85-92
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• 2020

Purpose: To find out the advantages of thermoplastic bolus compared to conventional bolus, which is mainly used in clinical practice, We evaluated Two cases in terms of dose and location reproducibility to assess Usability of thermoplastic Bolus for skin VMAT radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Two patient's treated with left breast skin lesion were simulated using thermoplastic Bolus and planned with 2arc VMAT. the prescription dose was irradiated to 95% or more of the target volume. We evaluated The reproducibility of the bolus position by measuring the length of the air gap in the CBCT (Cone Beam CT) image. to evaluate dose reproducibility, we compared The dose distribution in the plan and CBCT and measured in vivo for patient 2. Results: The difference between the air gap in patient 1's simulation CT and the mean air gap (M1) during 10 treatments in the CBCT image was -0.42±1.24mm. In patient 2, the difference between the average air gap between the skin and the bolus (M2) during 14 treatments was -1.08±1.3mm, and the air gap between the bolus (M3) was 0.49±1.16. The difference in the dose distribution between Plan CT and CBCT was -1.38% for PTV1 D95 and 0.39% for SKIN (max) in patient 1. In patient 2, PTV1 D95 showed a difference of 0.63% and SKIN (max) -0.53%. The in vivo measurement showed a difference of -1.47% from the planned dose. Conclusion: thermoplastic Bolus is simpler and takes less time to manufacture compared to those produced by 3D printer. Also compared to conventional bolus, it has high reproducibility in the set-up side and stable results in terms of dose delivery.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.467-475
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of sodium fluoride(NaF) varnish and potassium iodide(KI) on remineralization efficacy of silver diamine fluoride(SDF) by measuring microhardness and evaluating surface morphology by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Artificial caries lesions were induced on extracted primary molars and vickers microhardness was measured. Specimens were randomly separated into 4 groups for treatment. The specimens in group I were treated with SDF, group II with NaF varnish after SDF, group III with KI after SDF and group IV with distilled water. After 8 days of pH cycling, vickers microhardness was measured and difference before and after treatment was calculated. For SEM, 2 samples were evaluated respectively after enamel polishing, lesion formation and after pH cycling. Group III showed highest increase in microhardness. Group I showed higher increase in microhardness than Group II but without statistical difference. Group IV showed lowest increase in microhardness value among 4 groups. On SEM image, group I, II and III showed smoother and less irregular surface compared to group IV. Amorphous crystal pellicles were observed in group III. In conclusion, SDF, SDF and NaF, SDF and KI groups showed smoother surface and increase in microhardness suggesting the possibility that remineralization effect might take place in oral conditions. In addition, in limited conditions of this study, applying NaF varnish after SDF did not increase the remineralization efficacy of SDF while KI significantly increased the remineralization efficacy of SDF. However, additional study considering various conditions that might affect demineralization and remineralization in clinical situations need to be conducted.