• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2004

Variation in the size of the silk filament will determine the uniformity and quality of the silk reeled. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the filament size variation in 6 multivoltine parental breeds and 9 multivoltine ${\times}$ bivoltine hybrids in all three seasons of a year. All multivoltine breeds and multivoltine ${\times}$ bivoltine hybrids showed variation in filament size throughout its length from the outer layer to inner layer. Results of the present study indicated that the size of the filament decreased from outer to inner layer. The decrease in filament size was sudden in some breeds/hybrids whereas it was gradual in other. Relationship between filament length to that of slope, average filament size to slope, and maximum filament size to slope was determined based on regression analysis. Regression analysis revealed significant positive correlation between slope vs average filament length (r=0.92$^{**}$) in multivoltine${\times}$bivoltine hybrids. Among parental breeds, 96C showed lowest slope of the curve (b-value: -0.00428) and 96A showed highest slope of the curve (b-value: -0.00269). Among 9 hybrids, PM${\times}$N $B_4$ $D_2$ recorded lowest slope value (b-value: -0.00328) and BL24${\times}$N $B_4$ $D_2$ showed highest value for slope of the curve (b-value: -0.00234). The breed 96C, which showed lowest slope value can be utilized for future breeding programmes to breed strains with less size deviation. Three multivoltine${\times}$bivoltine hybrids viz., PM${\times}$N $B_4$ $D_2$, 96E${\times}$CSR19 and BL67${\times}$CS $R_{101}$ , which showed less slope values (b-values: -0.00328, -0.00300 and -0.00297 respectively) can be utilized for commercial exploitation to produce uniform silk.k.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.260-274
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 학습 발달과정을 탐색을 통해 계절의 변화에 대한 교육과정과 교수 계열을 제안하고자 하였다. 학습 발달과정을 알아보기 위해 Wilson (2005)이 제안한 '구인 모델링 방식'의 4가지 단계(구인특화, 평가 문항 개발, 평가 결과 기술, 측정 모델)를 적용하였다. 구인특화 단계에서는 계절의 변화의 하부 구인으로 '계절에 따른 그림자의 길이', '계절에 따른 별자리의 위치', '남반구와 북반구의 계절', '계절에 따른 태양의 일주운동', '계절의 원인과 현상'을 설정하였으며, 선행 연구 결과를 바탕으로 각 하부 구인의 하위 정착점인 수준 1에서 상위 정착점인 수준 4까지를 나타낸 구인구성도를 작성하였다. 평가 문항 개발 단계에서는 구인구성도를 토대로 C-E (choose and explain) 형태의 문항 3개, CR (constructed response) 형태의 문항 2개로 구성된 총 5개의 평가 문항을 개발하였으며, 초, 중, 고등학교 학생 383명을 대상으로 적용하였다. 평가 결과 기술 단계에서는 평가 문항에 대한 학생 응답 결과를 구인구성도를 토대로 범주화하는 과정을 거쳤으며, 이 범주들을 학생 능력에 따라 4수준으로 분류하고 1-4점의 점수를 부여하였다. 측정 모델 단계에서는 Rasch 모델의 부분점수 모형을 적용하여 학생들의 응답 결과를 통해 작성한 학습 발달의 경로가 선행 연구를 기반으로 작성한 구인구성도와 일치하는지 비교하였다. 이를 통해 구인구성도를 수정함으로써 최종적으로 계절의 변화에 대한 가설적인 학습 발달과정을 작성하였다. 최종적으로, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 계절 변화에 대한 교육 과정 개정 방향과 효과적인 교수 계열을 제안하였다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.715-727
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 용평스키장을 사례로 인접한 대관령 기상관측지점의 기후자료를 이용하여 스키장 제설(製雪)작업에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 기후요소의 변화를 파악하였다. 신적설량과 신적설일수는 1990년대 이후 감소하는 경향으로 자연설만을 의존할 경우 스키장 관리에 어려움이 야기된다. 제설작업은 스키장 개장시기에 영향을 미치는 10-11월의 초기제설과 스키 시즌의 설질을 유지시키는 12-3월의 보강제설로 구분한다. 초기제설 작업을 위한 유리한 기후 조건인 일최저기온 $-1^{\circ}C$ 이하, 일평균 상대습도 60-80%에 해당하는 경우는 분석 기간인 1970년대부터 최근까지 감소하는 경향이다. 보강제설의 기후 조건인 일최저기온 $-3^{\circ}C$ 이하, 일평균 상대습도 60-80%에 해당하는 경우도 각각 감소하는 경향이다. 초기제설 기간은 상대습도보다 기온의 변화가 뚜렷하고 보강제설 기간은 기온보다 상대습도의 변화 경향이 뚜렷하다. A1B 시나리오를 이용한 미래 시나리오 자료에서도 스키시즌이 오늘날보다 10-40% 정도 감소하는 것으로 전망되고 제설을 위한 기온 조건이 더욱 불리해질 수 있다. 초기제설 기간에 비하여 보강제설 기간인 12-3월의 기온변화가 더 뚜렷하다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.75-90
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• 1997

This study was carried out to establish the techniques for producing the calves of genetically superior Korean Native cattle by transfer of frozen-thawed embryos. The effects of some factors related to embryo recovery following superovulation and pregnancy rate following transfer of frozen-thawed embryos were evaluated. Also calving state was investigated. The results obtained were as follows ; The mean number of total and transferrable embryos recovered per superovulated cow was 8.72 and 4.90, respectively, from a total of 72 superovulations using 34 donor cows. There were no significant differences in the number of total or transferrable embryos recovered per superovulated cow between products of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), years, seasons, and collection numbers. The pregnancy rate was found 44.44% following transfer of frozen-thawed embryos of Korean Native cattle to a total of 180 recipient cows including 82 Angus, 27 Charolais, 62 Hereford and 9 Korean Native cows. The pregnancy rate was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the transfer of excellent (42.99) and good embryos (40.17%), compared with fair (5.90%) grade embryos. And the pregnancy rate was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the transfer of embryos of morula stage (43.86%) than blastocyst stage (15.51%). But there were no significant differences in pregnancy rates between natural and induced estrus estrus asynchrony of 1 days, breeds, and parities of recipient cows. The normal calving rate of 80 pregnant cows following transfer of frozen4hawed em-bryos was 87.5% and the other 10 pregnant cows showed abortion during the period from pregnancy diagnosis at 50~60 days to calving. The average gestation length of normally delivered recipients was 288.50 days and the average birth weight of 70 calves born was 24.22 kg. The gestation length was significantly (P<0.05) shorter in the recipients delivering female calves (286.70 days) than males (289.39 days). But there were no significant differences in gestation tength and birth weight of calves born between the recipient breeds.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2019

As a result of analyzing the quality of imported grapes during the 2018 season, the hardness of the grape berry was found to be 10 N or less in total. In the case of Chilean grapes, the soluble solids tended to be lower as imports and distribution periods were delayed. The berry weight was the largest at 14.4 - 14.8 g for the 'Red Globe', 7.1 - 7.4 g for the 'Thompson Seedless' and 6.0 - 7.0 g for the 'Crimson Seedless'. The 'Crimson Seedless' grapes imported from Chile, which had a high berry shatter rate, had a shorter pedicel length, pad width and brush length than that of the other 2 varieties. Regardless of the grape varieties, the weight loss during the distribution at room temperature ($25^{\circ}C$) increased rapidly as the import season was delayed. Additionally, it was found that the later the distribution seasons, a higher stem browning index was observed regardless of the variety. The 'Thompson Seedless' was revealed to be more susceptible to browning than that of the other varieties. The shrinkage of the stem and the pedicel browning progressed within a short time during shelf-life as the distribution time was delayed. The incidence of berry decay of the imported grapes tended to increase with the progression of the distribution period. In the fruits distributed on April, except for the 'Crimson Seedless', the grapes were rapidly corrupted in the second half of the distribution. The 'Red Globe' grapes completely lost marketability due to a berry decay of 26.1% and 69.9% at 9 and 12 days after shelf-life, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.667-675
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• 2023

The Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius is an economically important fish species in the southwestern waters of Korea. This study aimed to provide insights into the reproductive biology of this species in the southwestern waters of Korea. We analyzed monthly changes in fork length (FL), maturity stages, and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Moreover, we measured the in FL at sexual group maturity of 50%, 75%, 97.5%, and sex ratio (female vs. male). The overall sex ratio of female and male was 1:0.8. GSI value showed the highest peak in May; however, the spawning period revealed by the microscopic analysis of gonad tissue of S. niphonius was from April to August 2020. The main spawning seasons for the entire populations was from May to June. The fork length at 50% group maturity was 53.3 cm for females and 53.1 cm for males. These results of spawning period of Spanish mackerel highlight the influences of water temperatures that were higher than those in the past, an increase in resource levels, and the level of Pacific anchovy resources flowing into the spawning ground.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.820-826
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between temperature-humidity index (THI), season, and conception rate (CR) of Holstein cows in central Taiwan. Methods: The mean performance and number of observations were statistically evaluated for various parameters, including age at first service, number of days open, gestation length, CR, and calving interval for different parities. Results: The results indicate that the mean age at first service was 493.2 days; the gestation length was similar across all cows of different parities, ranging from 275.1 to 280.7 days. The overall CR of all inseminations was significantly lower in multiparous cows ($47.26%{\pm}0.22%$) than in heifers ($57.14%{\pm}0.11%$) (p<0.05). At THI>72 and during the hot season (from June to November), CRs for multiparous cows were significantly reduced compared to that for heifers, while the ratio remained unchanged among heifers for all seasons. Conclusion: To achieve a high CR, lactating cows should be bred in winter and spring (from December to May) from the start of the seasonal breeding program, whereas the heifer should be allowed to breed in summer and fall under the subtropical climate in Taiwan.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.137-149
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the perception of New-Hanbok Skirts that female consumers have and to analyze the design preference based on the analysis of designs of skirt products currently in distribution. Based on the analysis of the New-Hanbok brand website, the research was conducted through a survey of 355 women in their 20s and older. The survey consisted of 24 questions which were divided into pattern, color, material, and recognition type questions. The research results are as follows. First, most adult women answered that a New-Hanbok skirt is appropriate to wear at a holiday, anniversary, or outer dress for the spring and autumn seasons, and the design is the most important thing when considering buying. However, the ratios of wearing experience and possession were very low. Second, the preferred design aspects of a New-Hanbok skirt were the Jarak-skirt or Deot-skirt, calf-length, 5cm width of the waistband, 3cm uniform crease, a normal length waistband, bright neutral colors, and a waistband in different colors. For the double skirt, the design that shows 4cm of lining fabric and the different colors of upper fabric was the most preferred. The most preferred material was plain cotton. On the other hand, small floral patterns were preferred for patterned materials, and opaque upper fabric was most preferred for the double skirt. Through this study, it was confirmed that the Hanbok is seen as a positive aspect for modern consumers.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.158-186
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• 2009

천연기념물 제219호인 고씨굴은 1974년 일반인에게 개방되었으며 총길이는 3,388m로 이중 620m만 공개되고 있다. 충북 단양에 위치한 고수동굴은 천연기념물 제256호로 총길이는 약 1,700m이며 이중 685m가 1976년 개방되었다. 이들 동굴들은 30여 년 전에 일반인에게 개방되어 활용되고 있으나 이들 동굴 내에 성장하는 동굴생성물들은 오염물에 그대로 노출되어 있다. 이들 동굴의 동굴환경 변화에 대한 연구를 수행한 결과, 동굴 내의 온도와 습도 그리고 이산화탄소의 분압은 계절적 변화가 뚜렷하게 나타난다. 전반적인 이산화탄소 분압은 여름철 성수기가 대체적으로 높은 경향을 보이고 있다. 또한 여름철을 제외한 계절의 경우 관람 후 다음날 개장하기 전까지 동굴 내 대기의 순환에 의한 자정능력이 있으나 여름철의 경우 자정능력을 넘어서게 되어 계속적으로 축적되는 경향을 보이고 있다. 특히, 두 동굴의 이산화탄소 분압은 관람객의 수에 의해 조절되는 것으로 나타난다. 따라서 이들 동굴의 환경을 유지하기 위해서는 일일 관람객의 수를 조절하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2017

2014년 4월부터 11월까지 한강 수계인 소양호에서 자망으로 채집한 쏘가리(Siniperca scherzeri) 332개체의 식성을 조사하였다. 조사한 쏘가리의 체장은 107~321 mm의 범위였으며, 135개체는 공복상태였다. 쏘가리는 주로 어류와 새우류를 섭식하였다. 가장 중요한 먹이생물로 어류인 빙어의 섭식비율이 가장 높았고, 새우류는 징거미새우의 섭식비율이 높았다. 먹이생물 중 어류 비율은 쏘가리의 체장이 커질수록 증가하였으며, 계절별로는 6, 7, 10월을 제외하고 높았다. 소양호 상 중류지역보다 하류지역에서 어류의 섭식비율이 약간 높았다.