• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권8호
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• pp.253-257
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• 2018

Purpose: Child safety seats (CSS) are critical for the protection of children, in case of motor vehicle accidents. Although the national legislation mandates that all newborns must be placed in an appropriately installed CSS during transportation, people often do not perceive the importance of CSS and do not use it as recommended. The purpose of this survey was to understand the use of CSS for the safe transport of newborns from hospital to home. Methods: We interviewed parents of newborn infants, using a structured questionnaire, at the time of their discharge from Cheil General Hospital & Women's Health Care Center, between May 2014 and July 2014. Results: A total of 403 participants were interviewed. The rate of CSS use was only 14.9%. Overall, 76.4% of the families interviewed were not aware about the recommendations on CSS use for newborns when travelling in a car. The provision of education on using CSS significantly influenced their rate of use. Parents who were educated about mounting the CSS in a car used it more as compared with others (25.7% vs. 12.2%) (P=0.002). Furthermore, if parents had heard about the importance or necessity of CSS, they used it more than others did (19.5% vs. 10.6%, P=0.032). Conclusion: Despite the legal regulation, most parents transport their newborn infants without a CSS while traveling from hospital to their home. The rate of CSS use was influenced by parental education and their knowledge about its necessity. Education programs for parents must be reinforced to increase the CSS use.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제21권
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• pp.3-37
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• 2003

English law accepts the basic principle of freedom of contract that the parties should be free to agree on any terms that they like unless their agreement is illegal or otherwise contrary to public policy because it infringes some public interest. On the other hand, it has been limited for hundreds of years on the basis that certain contract terms, particularly in standard form, may alter a distribution of risks that the customer would reasonably intended. The alteration may often result from his simple ignorance caused by either lack of opportunity to become aware of clauses or inability to understand their full potential implications. In addition, it may also result from disparity in bargaining power which does not allow the customer to look after their own interests even if he is fully aware of the unacceptable clauses. In response to this problem, English law has employed both judicial and statutory intervention techniques to control unfair contract terms. This study describes and analyzes in detail how English law regulates such terms, particularly, in standard form, in order to provide legal advice to our sellers residing either in UK or in Korea who plan to enter into UK markets. It also attempts to explore any problem in the existing double legislations of UCTA and UTCCR and put forward future direction of English law in light of the Draft Unfair Terms Bill which was currently proposed by the Law Commissioners. The main concern of this paper will be confined to some of the various aspects of both judicial and statutory control of unfair contract terms in English law which may draw our attention in terms of domestic or international business sales.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the limitations of the regulations on the safety and health standards for special management materials(SMM) under the Industrial Safety and Health Act in Korea. Methods: Hazardous chemicals management systems in Germany(Hazardous Substances Ordinance), the UK(Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations), Japan(Ordinance on Prevention of Hazards due to Specified Chemical Substances) and Korea(Regulation of Occupational Safety and Health Standards, ROSHS) were investigated and compared in terms of 14 items. Results: Among the 14 items, we eventually found seven items which should be amended: 1) definition and scope, 2) general duties clause, 3) principles of management, 4) preventive measures, 5) control measures, 6) risk assessment, and 7) record keeping. The principal limitations of Korean regulations in comparison with those of other countries were that there were no preventive measures such as substitution, and no principles of good practices for the control of exposure to SMM. In terms of control measures, there were no regulations on suitable workplace design, reducing the number of exposed workers, reducing the level and duration of exposure, and reducing the quantity of hazardous substances in ROSHS. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, ROSHS should be complemented with preventive measures and the principles of management related to SMM. According to the suggestions, an employer who deals with SMM should preferably consider the possibility of substitution and perform substitution so far as is reasonably practicable.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2020

In Article 311 of the Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health Standards requires the use of Korean Industrial Standards Act in accordance with the Industrial Standardization Act. However, the classification, inspection, maintenance, design, selection, and installation of explosion hazard locations for explosion and explosion prevention and internalization of 'safety' in the performance maintenance phase of electrical machinery and equipment There is no technical and institutional management plan for remodeling and alteration. Analysis of actual conditions and problems related to the installation, use, and maintenance of explosion-proof equipment, comparative analysis of domestic and international technical standards and systems, technical, institutional and administrative systems and systems related to installation, use, and maintenance of explosion-proof equipment, technical personnel and qualifications, etc. It is to propose legislation, system improvement, and technical standard establishment related to the maintenance of explosion-proof facility performance through improvement of the necessity and feasibility study for establishment of the legal status of the management site and management plan. As technical measures, KS standard revision (draft), KOSHA guide (draft) and explosion-proof facility performance maintenance manual were presented. In addition, the institutional management plan proposed the revised rule on occupational safety and health standards, the revised rule on the restriction of employment of hazardous work, and the manpower training program related to the maintenance of explosion-proof facilities and the qualification plan. Enhance safety at the installation, use, and maintenance stage of explosion-proof structured electrical machinery. It is expected to be used to classify explosion hazards, select related equipment, and to update and standardize standards related to installation, use and maintenance.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

최근 해양환경법제도에 관한 정비작업이 활발하게 진행되고 있는바, 이는 "지속가능한 개발원칙"과 "사전예방주의 윈칙"을 "법(law)"의 형태로 내재화하고 "정책(policy)"으로 실현하기 위한 노력의 일환이라고 할 수 있다. 연안침식 방지, 기후변화 대책마련과 같이 해양환경에 관한 입법수요는 지속될 것으로 예상된다. 향후에는 해양환경 관련 법률의 법체계를 합리적으로 정비함으로써 법률간 연계성 및 정책의 효율성을 제고하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 해양환경을 효율적으로 보전하기 위해서는 법률과 정책의 정비와 함께 체계적인 연구와 조사가 지속적으로 이루어져야 한다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제44권
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• pp.3-29
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• 2009

The PECL have been drawn up by an independent body of experts from each member state of the european union under a project supported by the european commission and many other organizations. Salient features of the general provisions of the PECL, freedom of contract and pecta sunk servanda, good faith and fair dealing, most of the PECL are non-mandatory. The CISG uses the term fundamental breach in various setting. The concept of fundamental breach is a milestone in its remedial provisions. Its most important role is that it constitutes the usual precondition for the contract to be avoided(Art. 49., Art. 51., Art. 64., Art. 72., Art. 73). In addition, where the goods do not conform with the contract, a fundamental breach can give rise to a requirement to deliver substitute goods. Furthermore, a fundamental breach of contract by the seller leaves the buyer with all of his remedies intact, despite the risk having passed to him(Art. 70). Basically, PECL, PICC generally follows CISG, it was similar to all the regulation's platform though the terms and content sometimes differ. For example regarding to the non-performance and remedies, in the case of non-performance, that is the PECL/PICC term analogous to breach of contract as used in the CISG. Furthermore the PECL/PICC used fundamental non-performance refered to in PECL Art. 8:103 ; PICC Art. 7.1.1. correspond generally to the concept of fundamental breach referred to in CISG Art. 25. The main significance of the fundamental non-performance, in any systems, is to empower the aggrieved party to terminate the contract. The need for uniformity and harmony in international commercial contracts can be expected to lead to growth of international commerce subject to the CISG, PICC, and PECL. It is hoped that the present editorial remarks will provide guidance to improve understanding between the contractual party of different countries in this respect and following key-words.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.514-537
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• 2006

최근 과학기술이 국가발전에서 차지하는 비중이 더욱 커짐에 따라 각 국가들은 그에 대한 정책과 관련제도를 한층 강화하고 있다. 남북한 역시 1990년대 후반부터 과학기술을 국가의 중요정책으로 취급하고 이를 효율적으로 추진하기 위하여 과학기술 행정체계의 개편과 관련법령에 대한 정비를 지속적으로 시행하고 있다. 이 논문은 남북 과학기술정책의 제도적 기반이 되는 과학기술 기본법제의 우영 상황을 살펴봄으로써, 남북 과학기술 협력 활성화 및 향후의 관련법제의 통일화에 대비한 양 법제간의 정합 가능성을 탐색해 보는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 남북 헌법상의 과학기술 관련규정과 과학기술에 관한 총괄규범으로서 기능하는 남한의 과학기술기본법과 북한의 과학기술법에 대하여 그 규정체계와 내용을 개관하고 상호간의 유사점과 차이점을 비교분석하였다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.277-292
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• 2005

우주개발진흥법은 동 법령의 목적, 및 그 주요 개념 규정에 있어서 항공우주산업개발 촉진법과의 구별야 확연하도록 도모하고 있으며, "우주개발"의 개념을 새로이 규정하면서 이를 꾀하고 있다. 규정된 개념의 특징은 우주공간을 탐사하고 이용하는 각종행위는 인공위성 및 발사체 등과 같이 우주 환경에서 사용되기 위한 기기와 장비의 기술 개발에 의해서만 가능한 것이기에 우주공간의 탐사와 이용은 그러한 기술개발을 포함하는 개념으로 보아야 한다는 데에 있다. 이에 동법이 추구하는 우주개발은 "우주산업"과는 구분되는 것이기에 법령 체계와의 조화 문제가 극복되고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 아울러 우주개발진흥볍은 국제협약상의 의무를 이행하면서, 아울러 최소한의 규제에 의해서 필요한 목적을 달성하기 위한 방식을 택하고 있다. 즉, 우주물체의 등록제도, 국내에서의 발사 허가제도 등을 통해서 우주활동에 대한 규제를 꾀하고 있다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

현재 국내 단독주택은 소방시설의 설치유지 및 관리운영에 대한 법적규제가 없을 뿐 아니라, 거주자의 자율 화재예방 의식에 의존하고 있어 방재에 취약하고 열악한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 주택화재의 가장 큰 비중을 차지하는 단독주택을 중심으로 화재의 발생현황 및 문제점과 법규적용 및 설계방안을 연구하였으며, 주택화재의 방재대책으로 "건축법 시행령 별표 1"의 용도별 건축물의 종류 중 단독주택은 공동주택과 같이 특정소방대상물로 분류하여 관리토록 하여야 할 것이며, 단독주택에 거주하는 고령자, 장애인등을 고려한 소화기, 경보설비, 주거용 간이스프링클러설비 등의 소방시설 설치를 의무화 하도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• 의료법학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.191-219
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• 2015

줄기세포와 관련하여 우리나라에서는 배아 및 줄기세포 연구에 관한 입법으로서 생명윤리및안전에관한법률이 제정되어 있고, 줄기세포 치료제에 관해서는 약사법에 의해, 줄기세포 치료술에 관해서는 의료법 및 건강보험법 등의 관련 법령에 의해 규제되고 있다. 한편, 이러한 규제를 완화하고자 하는 법안 및 이를 전제한 정부의 투자활성화정책이 최근 제시되고 있다. 이것은 일본 아베내각 성립 후 아베노믹스(Abenomics)를 위한 3개의 축 중 하나로 '재생의료를 중심으로 한 의료산업'을 제시하며 각종 규제를 완화한 일본의 분위기와 어느 정도 닮아 있다. 일본은 '라이프 이노베이션', '신차원 일본 창조', '일본재흥전략'과 같은 다소 자극적인 정책 슬로건 하에서 줄기세포 연구 및 개발의 규제완화를 위하여 "재생의료를 국민이 선속하고 안전하게 받을 수 있도록 하기 위한 종합시책 추진에 관한 법률"등 통합적인 재생의료 관련 법률을 신속히 제정해 왔다. 본 논문은 이러한 배경 하에서 최근 일본의 줄기세포 재생의료 관련 정책 및 규제 동향을 검토하고 있다. 이는 우리나라 줄기세포 관련 규정의 재검토 및 최근 우리 정부의 규제완화 움직임의 타당성 여부를 판단함에 있어서 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.