• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2014

Purpose Find out about the significance of the GFR values calculated by the kidney depth is measured by comparing the values obtained for kidney depth was measured GFR in the CT image kidney depth and is calculated by Tonnesen law in $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA dynamic kidney scan with each applies. Materials and Methods Among patients with normal value (75~120 mL/min) computed GFR conducted of dynamic renal scan to visit from February 2013 to February 2014 and donor GFR values in patients with normal value. The mean age was 46.9 years with 14 men 13 females. We used abdomen CT image which checked before conducting dynamic Kidney scan for measuring the depth of kidney. We only used CT image that contains renal hilum and measured outermost front of the kidney from the skin surface (a) and the final surface (b) caculated the average depth of [(a + b) / 2] respectively. Using the same ROI in order to limit the change in GFR values by the other additional element was set before and after the depth value was excluded from the GFR falls kidney disease. Results Using Tonnesen law the average value was caculated 5.94 cm from the right kidney 5.90 cm from the left kidney. It was 6.83 cm, 8.71 cm in the left kidney and the right kidney average value of the depth measured on the basis of the CT image. The respective increase in left kidney 0.93 cm and right kidney 2.77 cm calculated on the basis of CT image actually measured values. GFR was calculated as the average depth of the subject calculated by the method Tonnesen $83.3{\pm}9.79mL/min$. $98.6{\pm}14.07mL/min$ GFR was applied to calculate the average depth of the subjects using the CT image, is the difference appears 15.26 mL/min was increased after seting up depth value, P value was less than 0.01 which is significant. Conclusion The difference between GFR before-after setting up depth value cause that the different of depth value. Is a measured depth of the extension value of the calculated estimates Whereas Tonnesen kidney depth method is to use in calculating the value of GFR in a typical dynamic elongation test depth derived using the CT image depth. Is thought to be able to calculate more accurately the GFR value by the distance to the center of kidney more accurately measured in the skin thereby.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.199-202
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to make fundamental ultrasonographic observations of kidney and urinary bladder in Korean native goat. The position, dimensions, and structure of the kidneys and bladders In 7 male Korean native goats were determinded by use of ultrasonography. A 3.5%.MHz linear transducer was used. All examinations were performed on goats in lateral recumbency under sedation. The left kidney was 4.2 to 5.9 cm long, 2.5 to 3.6 cm wide, and 2.4 to 3.2 cm deep. Diameter of the parenchyma and renal sinus of the left kidney ranged between 0.7 and 1.3 cm and 0.7 and 1.4 cm, respectively. Circumferences of the medullary Pyramids varied between 1.3 and 1.9 cm. Similar ultrasonic measurements were obtained for the right kidney. The diameter of the urinary bladder varied between 2.1 and 5.4 cm in the goats. It was concluded that the ultrasonographic findings described in this study can be used as references for diagnosis of morphologic changes in the kidney and urinary bladder of Korean native goat.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.243-246
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• 2000

A 3-year old female Poodle dog was presented with a history of anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain and depression for 2 days. After physical and blood examination, excretory urogram(EU) and ultrasonography of the abjomen were conducted. On radiographs and ultrasonographs, dilation of diverticulum, sinus, proximal ureter of right kidney and mild dilation of left renal medullar were found. And there was some leakage of contrast agent in the proximal ureter area of right kidney. So this was diagnosed as a rupture of right proximal ureter. This dog was undertaken a surgery of nephrectomy of right kidney. On surgery, dilation of right kidney and hemorrhage, adhesion were found at the proximal ureter and some calculi were also found in the pelvis of right kidney. There were no complications after surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1197-1200
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• 1995

Since diaphragmatic injuries are difficult to diagnose, those that missed may present with latent symptoms.Delayed diaphragmatic hernia is very rare and occurs commonly after penetrating or blunt trauma. Recently we had experience with two cases of delayed diaphragmatic hernia after left nephrectomy.They were operated by herniolysis and closure of diaphragm using prosthetic patch[Dura, Dacron through the left thoracotomy. Postoperative courses were uneventful.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-147
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• 2000

The present study was aimed at investigating whether there are changes in the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in relation with the unclipping-induced fall of blood pressure in two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were made 2K1C hypertensive by clipping the left renal artery for four weeks. Sham-clipped rats served as control. The expression of endothelial constitutive (ec) NOS proteins and tissue levels of NO metabolites were determined in the kidney. Systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in clipped rats compared with that in the control. The development of hypertension was associated with decreases in the expression of ecNOS proteins and tissue levels of NO metabolites in the clipped kidney. The blood pressure at twenty-four hours after removal of the renal arterial clip fell to the control level. Accordingly, in the unclipped kidney, the expression of ecNOS proteins and tissue contents of NO metabolites were increased to the control level. The contralateral kidney was not affected by the development or reversal of hypertension. It is suggested that an enhanced expression of ecNOS in the unclipped kidney is an important component in the reversal of renovascular hypertension.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 1977

The distribution of renal veins of fifty Korean native goats(100 kidneys) was observed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In all goats a single renal vein, both on the left and right sides, emerged from the hilus of the kidney and then entered the posterior vena cava. 2. The ventral and dorsal surfaces of the kidney were drained through several segmental veins. These segmental veins were grouped into 2-3 Rami to formed the main trunk of the renal vein. The segmental veins drained into Rami dorsalis and ventralis, in 56 percentage of the left and 64 percentage of the right kidney and the remainder goats drained into Rami cranialis and caudalis; Rami cranialis, medius and caudalis; Rami ventralis, medius and dorsalis. 3. The ventral and dorsal surfaces of the kidney were divided into 2-4 venous segments. Among them three segments were mostly frequent (55 percentage). 4. A common segment vein was drained both dorsal and ventral surfaces at the cranial, caudal pole, and both poles. The frequency of the common segment was 32 percentage at the cranial, 18 percentage at the caudal pole, and 14 percentage at the both poles. 5. A polar renal vein was not observed. 6. The renal veins and the renal arteries did not match in arrangement and in course.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2003

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians(WSBTM) will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials of 16 patients with Lumbago due to the kidney deficiency(腎虛腰痛, LKD), to find out the characteristic of meridian system in patients with LKD. Methods : Electric potentials of welt and sea points in the meridians in twenty one patients with the pain in the lion diagnosed as LKD were repeatedly measured by physiograph(PowerLab). Measurements of those electrical potentials were analyzed by factor analysis. Results : The electric potentials of WSBTM at the left side were divided into five factors. On the other hand those at the right side Were divided into t1vee factors. Conclusions : In conclusion, their electrical potentials at the left and right side were four different factors search side. Thus electrical potentials of welt and sea points might be the representative meridian to show their characteristics.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.295-298
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• 2014

Primary renal echinococcosis, a rare disease involving the kidney, accounts for 2-3% of human echinococcosis. A 64-year-old female patient from Uzbekistan presented with complaints of left flank pain. A CT scan revealed a cystic mass in the upper to midpole of the left kidney. We regarded this lesion as a renal malignancy and hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed to remove the renal mass. The mass consisted of a large unilocular cyst and multiple smaller cysts without any grossly visible renal tissue. The final pathologic diagnosis was a renal hydatid cyst. For patients from endemic areas, hydatid cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis. Here, we present a case of renal hydatid cyst in a female patient who relocated from Uzbekistan to Korea.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2006

Orthostatic or postural proteinuria is a benign condition characterized by the presence of protein in urine samples collected in the upright position during the day and its absence in the supine position. Recently, nutcracker phenomenon has been documented as the source of postural proteinuria. The nutcracker phenomenon refers to compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery, resulting in elevation of pressure in the left renal vein, leading to congestion of the left kidney and occasionally to collateral veins formation. Entrapment of the left renal vein is a cause of left-sided gross hematuria, ureteral and peripelvic varices, unexplained left flank pain and variable degrees of orthostatic proteinuria. We report the case of a 14-year-old girl with orthostatic proteinuria, diagnosed as having nutcracker syndrome by doppler sonography and MR angiography. Because daily protein excretion was more than 1.5 grams over 3 years of follow up, we decided to perform a renal biopsy which revealed moderate mesangial cell proliferation in all glomeruli.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2021

We present data from three Caucasian men with Zinner syndrome who attended our center for the treatment of primary couple's infertility. Each patient was scheduled for conventional testicular sperm extraction (cTESE) and cryopreservation. Sperm analysis confirmed absolute azoospermia. Patient 1 had right and left testis volumes of 24 mL and 23 mL, respectively; left seminal vesicle (SV) agenesis, severe right SV hypotrophy with right renal agenesis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was 3.2 IU/L. Patient 2 exhibited right and left testis volumes of 18 mL and 16 mL, respectively; a left SV cyst of 32 × 28 mm, ipsilateral kidney absence, and right SV agenesis. FSH was 2.8 IU/L. Patient 3 showed a testicular volume of 10 mL bilaterally, a 65 × 46 mm left SV cyst, right SV enlargement, and left kidney agenesis. FSH was 32.0 IU/L. Sperm retrieval was successful in all patients. Nevertheless, cTESE should be performed on the day of oocyte retrieval.