• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.386-391
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• 1987

Effect of growth light intensity (5% and 20%) and planting density (40, 56, 90/33㎡) on yield and red ginseng quality was investigated in a sandy loam field of ginseng plantation. High growth light intensity had no effect on yield and quality but decreased stem length, leaf area and chlorophyll content and increased specific leaf weight. The optimum planting density was 64/3.3㎡ for both yield and Heaven + Earth grade (HE grade) of red ginseng. HE-shape ginseng rate showed significant positive correlation (P=0.0l) with HE grade rate.

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2002

Korean cultivars of buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) was crossed with Canadian cultivars in order to improve seed yield as well as leaf production of buckwheat for using as food and medicine. The agronomic characteristics and rutin contents of F$_2$ hybrids are investigated for further selection of superior lines. Dry weight per plant was the highest in a line 1110(6.71g) and leaf weight per plant was the highest in a line 1110(1.91g). Hybrid seeds were 0.55 - 0.70cm long and 0.37 - 0.47cm wide on average. 100 seeds weight ranged from 2.57g to 3.58g. Line 1076 produced the longest seeds(0.70cm) and line 1186 was the longest in seed width. Line 1196 showed the highest 100 seeds weight(3.58g). The highest frequency of the LWR(length/width rate) was 0.66~0.70, indicating that seed shape of the hybrids was mostly oval. Line 1087 showed the highest contents of rutin(77.26ppm). Lines 1090 and 1181 contained respectively rutin of 54.76ppm and 54.35ppm in the seeds. From the yield and rutin point of view, the most superior lines was line 1087 among the lines used for this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 1994

A new flue - cured tobacco variety KF113 was developed by Nicotiana africana method from a cross of NC82 and Coker 347 at the Suwon Experiment Station. It was tested in the 0fficial Variety Test in 1991-1992 and the flue - cured Regional Farm Test in 1992. KFl13 flowers 4 days later than WC82 (standard variety in Korea) and its harvestable leaves are 2 more than those of NC82. The leaf type and shape of KFl13 resembles Coker 347. It has high resistance to bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas solanacearum) and black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae), and is susceptible to tobacco mosaic virus. It should adapt well to the flue - cured production area and can reduce premature flowering under unfavorable weather conditions. Yield of KFl13 is 5% higher than that of NC82, and nearly equal in value per kg compare with NC82. This variety met acceptable standards for chemical and physical characteristics of cured leaf and for smoking taste evaluated by panel members in Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Research Institute.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.144-155
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• 2022

Daphne kiusiana is an evergreen shrub with dense head-like umbels of white flowers distributed in southern Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. Plants in China and Taiwan are recognized as var. atrocaulis by having a dark purple stem, elliptic leaves, and persistent bracts. Recently, plants on Jejudo Island were segregated as a separate species, D. jejudoensis, given their elliptic leaves with an acuminate apex, a long hypanthium and sepals, and a glabrous hypanthium. Morphological variations of three closely related taxa, the D. kiusiana complex, were investigated across the distributional range to clarify the taxonomic delimitation of members of the complex. Twelve characters of the leaf and flower were measured from digitized herbarium specimens using the image analysis program ImageJ and were included in a morphometric analysis, the results of which indicate that the level of variation in the characters is very high. The results of a principal component analysis weakly separated D. jejudoensis from D. kiusiana according to their floral characteristics, such as a longer, glabrous hypanthium, and larger sepals. However, some individuals of D. kiusiana, particularly those from Bigeumdo Island, were included in D. jejudoensis. Recognition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis based on the leaf shape was not supported in the analysis, and D. jejudoensis may be recognized as a variety of D. kiusiana. Our morphometric analysis shows that digitized images of herbarium specimens could be useful and an additional method by which to investigate more diverse specimens.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.931-938
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• 2012

The effects were investigated of different lengths and numbers of slitwalls in drainless containers on growth and change in soil moisture volumes on the growth of Diffenbachia amoena 'Marianne' and Begonia rex. Drainless containers filled with amended soil, with square shape ($240mm{\times}240mm$) were used, as well as three different sets of slitwalls (2, 4 or 8, respectively) in addition to non-slitwall containers. Two indoor foliage plants were grown in slitwall containers in randomized blocks with 3 replications in greenhouse conditions, from March to September, 2009. Soil moisture volumes per container were measured by weighing containers every 2 hours during the day. The change in soil moisture volumes showed considerable differences among slitwalls tested in comparison to control containers before and after twice-weekly irrigation. Particularly, the differences in the S2 (195mm, slitwall 2) containers were significantly greater than other containers tested. For Diffenbachia amoena 'Marianne', plant height, length of leaf, dry weight and fresh weight were higher with S2 containers than with those grown in other containers tested. The Begonia rex with the best quality in terms of plant height, length of leaf and width of leaf was grown in S8 (360mm, slitwall 8) containers. Particularly, statistical analysis has indicated that shoot fresh weights of Begonia rex grown in S8 were 3-fold higher than those grown in CS8 containers. The different results obtained within the two species led us to hypothesize a species-specific influence on indoor foliage plant performance. However, plants of both species grown in slitwall containers showed good results compared with plants grown in non-slitwall containers.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1499-1508
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• 2013

In the results of investigating the role of LED light quality in enhancing the ornamental value of indoor foliage plants, amber and red light increased plant height, leaf width, and leaf stalk, and the consequent tree shape decreased the ornamental value. The chlorophyll content increased significantly under white light and compound light. With regard to the effect of plant leaf color on ornamental value, the value of lightness was markedly enhanced by red light. As to the functionality of plants according to photosynthetic activity, plants such as Dieffenbachia, Clusia, and Dracaena were found favorable to those staying indoors for a longtime from morning to evening. Spathiphyllum, and Ficus were found to be recommendable for indoor spaces used actively during afternoon because their photosynthesis was activated in the afternoon. With regard to power consumption according to light quality, white light consumed 119 W/hour, around 45% lower than that of fluorescent lamps, so it is considered the optimal artificial light quality that can enhance energy efficiency. Red light consumed 72 W/hour, only 33% of that of fluorescent lamps, but it was not considered the optimal light quality because plant growth was poor under the light quality. White light and compound light were found to be the ideal light sources for improving the functionality and ornamental value of indoor plants and reducing the cost of maintenance, but because compound light hinders people from recognizing the original color of plants and makes their eyes easily tired, white light was considered the optimal light satisfying all of the ornamental value, economic efficiency and functionality resulting from plant growth.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.245-257
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• 2018

To investigate the deterioration of textiles with metal thread, I surveyed 40 textile objects, dating from the 11th to the 19th century from Korea, China, Japan, and Central Asia at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. This survey included various types, widths, and thicknesses of metal thread. In addition, deterioration was examined under the microscope and color information was collected using the spectrophotometer. While investigating metal thread in the collections, I fabricated 12 different types of metal samples with metal leaf(24K gold, silver, and copper leaf), adhesive (hide animal glue and a mixture of hide animal glue and iron oxide red), and paper substrate(Korean mulberry and Taiwanese kozo paper). The accelerated deterioration process of those fabricated samples was carried out using a light box(UV and daylight), and a humidity cabinet. In the light experiment with blue scales textile fading card(aka, blue wool standard), the metal leaf began to peel off during the deterioration process with 756,000 lux-hours UV and daylight. In the temperature and humidity experiment, I could observe the reddish tarnish on copper, and some part of it began to peel off. Color reading on the light exposed samples showed that the degree of color change on the surface follows the amount of exposure as it increased over time. On the other hand, color change on the samples after artificial deterioration using temperature and humidity factors showed random change of color with occasional spikes. Distortion of original shape worsened in the samples exposed to temperature and humidity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 2012

Morphological characters of Adonis pseudoamurensis W. T. Wang and its related species were examined to illustrate its taxonomic entity, and their new key was made. As a result, it shows that A. ramosa Franch., an endemic species in Japan, was sparsely pubescent on the abaxial surface of the leaf and petiole, and its sepal was as long as its petal. However, A. pseudoamurensis is glabrous on the same surfaces and its sepal was shorter than its petal. In addition, A. multiflora Nishikawa et Ko. Ito was clearly distinguished in that it had acuminate leaf apices, linear shape of the final lobes of leaf and scales on the branched stem. Meanwhile, A. pseudoamurensis featured petiolate at cauline leaves and pubescent on pistils, and these characters were common with their allied groups. But diagnostic key characters suggested by the original description such as sessile at cauline leaves and glabrous on pistils were not observed in this study.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.213-216
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• 2003

A bacterial disease of tea plants(Camellia sinensis L.) was found in the graftage nursery grown under vinyl house conditions in Suncheon city, Korea, in spring of 2002. The primary symptoms of the disease include small, water-soaked and dark brown spot development on the young leaves. This spot gradually increases in size, especially taking on elongate shape along the midrib or vein of the leaf, and then turns black. The diseased leaves were defoliated easily. Ten strains were isolated from the infected leaf. Inoculation on tea leaf with these isolates produced the same symptoms of naturally infected plants. On the basis of stain reactions, morphological characterization, colony pattern, physiological and biochemical reactions, the bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. theae. This is the first report of brown blight of tea plant in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.4 s.45
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• pp.221-227
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• 1980

A new disease of strawberry caused by Alternaria was found in Gim Hae, Gyougnam province, in July 1979. The symptoms of the disease occurred mainly on leaves as showing dark brown spots with circular to irregular, $5\~6mm$ in diameter. The pathogen was identified as Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler which has not been described in Korea as a pathogen of strawberry disease. The common name of the disease was given as Gum un mum byung of strawberry. The conidia shape and size of this fungus varied considerably with culture media. The measurements of conidia and beak on corn meal agar were $20.1\times9.3{\mu}\;and\;4.0\mu$, respectively, which were shorter than those on strawberry leaf lesions in the field. Among 49 strawberry varieties tested, Morioca 16 and Robinson were highly susceptible to the disease by artificial inoculation and Catskill, Cyclone, Northwest, Merton princess, Juspa and Daehak I were moderately susceptible whereas 31 varieties were resistant. This fungus could also infect the leaf of Common garden sunflower, Double sunflower and Mexican sunflower among the 14 plants species tested.