• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2010

육가공 산업에서 원료로 이용되고 있는 향신료의 위생화를 위하여 대표적인 살균 기술인 감마선과 전자선의 조사효과를 비교하였다. 미생물 오염도를 측정한 결과 대부분의 시료에서 1.5 to 3.8 Log CFU/g의 일반호기성 미생물이 나타났으나, 강황 및 로즈마리에서는 미생물이 검출되지 않았다. 검출된 시료에서는 조사에 의해 효과적인 것으로 미생물이 감소하였으며, 감마선이 전자선보다 효과적으로 미생물을 사멸하였다. 검출된 미생물을 동정한 결과 Bacillus spp. 및 Staphylococcus spp.으로 확인하였다. B. cereus 및 S. aureus에 대한 방사선 감수성 측정 결과 0.19-0.63 kGy로 확인되었으며, 전자선 보다 감마선에 대한 내성이 약한 것으로 확인되었다. Ames test를 이용하여 방사선 조사에 의한 향신료의 유전독성학적 안전성을 평가한 결과, 조사에 의한 돌연변이원성은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 향신료의 위생화를 위한 살균방법으로 방사선 조사기술이 효과적으로 판단되며, 감마선(>4 kGy, <6 kGy)이 전자선보다 효과적으로 미생물을 제어하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.610-615
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• 2001

Over 800 thousand tons per year (TPY) agricultural biowastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, sugarcane leaf, rice straw, rice husk and corn leaf, are produced in Taiwan. These biomasses are the major types of agricultural wastes and are abundantly available. However, these biowastes cause disposal and landfill problems. Ossification ashes of the agricultural biowastes containing 70-95 % amorphous silica would make the utilization system of agricultural biowaste ashes become highly economically and environmentally attractive. Experimentally, high crystallinity (99%$^{+}$) zeolites ZSM-5 and ZSM-48 synthesized from the reaction mixtures containing a silica source from ashes of these biowastes gasification were investigated. Tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and 1,6-diamino-hexane (C$_{6}$ DN) were used as structure-directing agents in syntheses of ZSM-5 and ZSM-48, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) data indicated that ZSM-5 or ZSM-48 with a high crystallinity can be obtained within 48 hours of crystallization in the high pressure (15-20 atm) autoclave at 393-473 K. The Si/Al ratios of synthetic zeolite products were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and induced couple plasma/mass spectroscopy (ICP/MS). It was observed that the ZSM-5 crystals a.e composed of hexagonal rod-shaped crystals with typically 8-13 пm in size by SEM. In addition, ZSM-48 crystalline materials are composed of spherical aggregates of needle-shaped or rod-like crystals with typically 2-3 пm in diameter and 6-8 пm in length.h.

• 셀메드
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.36.1-36.4
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the neurobehavioural effects of the smoking of Carica papaya leaves based on ethnopharmacological information. Twenty -four rats used for the study were grouped into four groups namely; Groups 1 (Control, unexposed to any smoke) and Groups 2 - 4 (exposed to smoke from varying amount of pawpaw leaf powder). Groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to smoke from 6.25 g (low dose), 12.50 g (medium dose), and 18.75 g (high dose) of dry pawpaw leaves respectively in a smoking chamber twice daily for 21 one days with each exposure lasting 3 min. The spontaneous motor activities and locomotory behaviour of the animals were assessed using an open field maze and hole board maze test. The results showed that the smoking of Carica papaya leaves led to a significant (p < 0.05) increase in locomotory activities from $33.36{\pm}3.36$ (control) to $66.50{\pm}6.16$ (high dose), number of head dips (from $8.50{\pm}0.36$, to $12.83{\pm}0.87$) and rearing behaviour (from $14.83{\pm}0.74$, to $27.0{\pm}1.46$). However, the freezing durations as animals were introduced into the maze and grooming behaviour were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the treated groups. In conclusion, the increased ambulations and exploratory behaviours imply that the anxiety level is low in the treated groups compared to the control group which thus confirms that dry Carica papaya leaf may possibly contain psychoactive substance(s) that become active when smoked.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Recently, the concern about safety and functional substances of foods are increased therefore antioxidant substances and plants which had pharmacological effect have been studied actively. It has been known that the mulberry leaf is effective in curing many diseases. Nowaday, the pharmachological effects of mulberry leaves on diabetes mellitus and their usage for many aspects were confirmed. Mulberry leaves are known for effective in prevention of diabetes mellitus, because of specific amino acids and fibers. In this study, methanol, hexane, chlorform, ethyl acetate, and butanol extracts obtained from mulberry leaves were added to soybean oil and they were stored for 30 days at $60{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and peroxide value(POV) and conjugated diene value(CDV) were measured periodically. Results of this study were obtained as follows; 1. The POV of soybean oil after the addition of each mulberry leaves powder(MLP) extracts generally enhanced as the storage time was prolonged, so the POV of all samples was reached higher than 100meq./kg.oil after 10 days storage without the addition of butanol, methanol, ethylacetate, hexane extracts at 0.1% level. Especially, the POV of soybean oils including butanol extract was 87.35meq/kg.oil after 10 days storage and antioxidant activity of butanol extract was shown to be superior to that of BHT. The pattern of the changes of the CDV of soybean oil after the addition of MLP extracts at 0.02%, 0.05% and 0.1%, respectively, were almost constant during 10 days of storage and then rapidly increased during the rest of experimental periods. During 10 days of storage in case of 0.1% adding level, the antioxidant activities of the butanol extract was superior to that of the each MLP extracts.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

Objectives : Peucedani Radix ('Jeonho' in Korean) is the root of Peucedanum praeruptorum or Angelica decursiva. However, the root of Anthriscus sylvestris has usually been distributed as Jeonho. This study was performed to determine the discriminative criteria of Jeonho, focused on distribution in Korean markets. Methods : We have determined identification keys to discriminate each Jeonho samples, through observation of external morphology of original plants, and the research of external and internal morphological features of dried Jeonho herbs. Results : Because of identical to the Korean plant name 'Jeonho', Anthrisci Radix had been came into use as a substitute of Jeonho in Korea during the time of Japanese colonial rule. The original plants of Jeonho and its substitute are discriminated with shape of leaf, leaf margin and color of stem. External morphological features of the medicinal herbs of Jeonho are different in the color of cross-sections, pellucid dot, white powder. Internal morphological points, such as fiber bundle of xylem, seconadary mudullary ray and ray of xylem were also used as discriminative criteria for Jeonho. Further details(e.g. identificaion keys) are in the article. Conclusions : We think that these discriminative criteria will be meaningful in identifying the substitutes and adulterants of Jeonho.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2009

본 연구는 식이섬유인 돼지감자의 이눌린, 연잎분말과 허브로 제조한 다이어트 제제가 체중, 체지방 등에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험에 참가하기 위한 대상자의 선정은 체질량지수(BMI) $25kg/m^2$ 이상, 체지방률 25% 이상, 복부비만률 0.85로 하였다. 본 연구는 20세 이상의 남녀 대학생 24명으로 각 12명씩 대조군과 다이어트군으로 나눈 후 30 일간 실시하였다. 식사섭취량은 식사기록법(diet record method)으로 조사하여 CAN program에 입력한 후 영양소 섭취량을 분석하였다. 실험 전 후의 영양소 섭취량을 비교한 결과 1주의 영양소 섭취량과 4주째의 영양소 섭취량이 거의 유사하게 나타났으며, 대조군과 다이어트군 모두에서 4주째 열량 섭취량이 다소 감소하였지만 유의적으로 큰 차이는 아니었다. 또한 실험 결과 다이어트군은 대조군에 비해 체중이 약 2.5 kg 감량되었으며 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 그 외의 체지방량, 근육량, 복부 비만율, 비만도, 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘레 모두 실험 기간 중 유의적인 감소를 보였으나, 체지방량과 근육량은 함께 감소하였으므로 체지방률에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 혈압은 대조군과 다이어트군에서 모두 정상의 범위를 나타내었다. 위의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 본 연구의 돼지감자의 이눌린, 연잎분말, 허브의 쐐기풀 분말 및 유칼립투스 잎의 분말의 다이어트 제제가 체중과 체지방 및 비만관련 신체지표를 유의하게 감소시켰음을 알 수 있었으며, 운동요법을 병행할 경우 비정상적인 지방 축적으로 인한 비만을 보다 효과적으로 예방하고 개선할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2006

Trichoderma harzianum YC459 (Th 459), isolated from sawdust compost, was effective in controlling cucumber and tomato gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea under controlled and plastic film tunnel conditions. A water suspension of the wettable powder formulation of Th 459 significantly $(P\leq0.05)$ reduced the severity of cucumber gray mold by foliar spraying at all tested concentrations from $10^5\;to\;10^8$ colony forming unit (cfu)/ml in repeated experiments. The control efficacy was maintained at least seven days with the average control value of 70% in cucumber pot tests. Mixing one to eight grams of the granular formulation ($10^8cfu/g$ dry weight) of Th 459 into one liter nursery potting mix at seeding also significantly $(P\leq0.05)$ reduced the severity of cucumber gray mold by suppression of lesion formation three weeks after treatment. Application of mixing granular formulation at seeding in combination with foliar spraying during cultivation provided a more significant reduction $(P\leq0.05)$ of cucumber gray mold than granule mixing or leaf spray alone. The foliar spraying of the formulated wettable powder of Th 459 significantly $(P\leq0.05)$ reduced the infection of tomato fruits by B. cinerea as effective as the chemical fungicide, dichlofluanid, in three plastic film tunnel experiment trials. It is suggested that effective control of gray mold of cucumber and tomato can be provided by both treatment of Th 459 into potting mix and foliar spray through induction of systemic resistance and direct inhibition of the pathogen.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.126-130
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• 2000

To enhance the antitumor activity of Chinese cabbage kimchi, four kinds of kimchi, which ere differently prepared in kinds and levels of sub-ingredients, were fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 1 day and then at 5$^{\circ}C$ up to pH 4.3. The solid tumor formation, hepatic glutathione S-transferase activity and glutathione contents in the liver, and natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen were determined from the sarcoma-180 cell injected Balb/c mice that were treated with methanol extracts of the kimchi samples. Kimchi IV, prepared with organically cultivated Chinese cabbage, red pepper powder, garlic, Chinese pepper powder mustard leaf and heat processed salt (Gueun salt), reduced the tumor formation by 39.3% compared to the sarcoma-180 cell treated group, resulting in the smallest tumor weight. Methanol extracts of the kimchi III and kimchi IV recovered the activities of hepatic glutathione S-transferase(GST) that was decreased by the transplantation of the sarcoma-180 cells to th mice. The injections of methanol extracts of kimchi II and kimchi IV increased glutathione contents in sarcoma-180 cells treated mice. The methanol extract of kimchi IV increased the natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen lymphocytes a more effectively (p<0.05) than those the other kimchi samples. These results suggest that the anticancer activities of kimchi can be increased by changing the kinds and levels of sub-ingredients.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of macaroons prepared using natural color materials (Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (Re-N), mulberry leaf (Gr-N), pumpkin (Ye-N), and cocoa powder (Br-N)) and corresponding artificial food colorants (red (Re-A), yellow (Ye-A), green (Gr-A) and brown (Br-A)). The moisture content of macaroons prepared using natural color material was higher compared to the macaroons prepared using artificial food colorant. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity was similar in both types of macaroons. Lightness and redness of Re-N, Gr-N, Ye-N, and Br-N macaroons were lower than Re-A, Gr-A, Ye-A and Br-A macaroons. Yellowness of Re-N was higher because of the browning reaction. The texture profile analysis revealed lower hardness when natural color powder was employed. In the sensory evaluation, overall acceptability was not significantly different between natural colored and artificial colored macaroons. As a result, macaroons with the natural color material were softer and showed higher antioxidative activity, however, organoleptic properties were not much different when compared with macaroons with artificial colors. Apparently, it is stated that more studies on the development of macaroons with more enhanced physical functionality and good taste using natural materials should be performed.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2001

Methanol extracts form four kinds of kimchi, which were differently prepared in kinds and levels of sub-ingredients, were given to Balb/c mice for 3 weeks (0.5 mg/kg/day). Peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice treated with kimchi extracts and saline were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). K3 and K4 kimchis, containing more red pepper powder, garlic, Chinese pepper powder, mustard leaf and organically cultivated Korean cabbage, significantly increased NO production by the activated macrophages (p<0.05). K1, K2, K3 and K4 kimchi extracts (0.01, 0.1, 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$) significantly reduced the increased TGF-$\beta$1 production of H.pylori lysate (0.01 $\mu\textrm{g}$)-activated human epithelial RPMI 2650 cells (5$\times$10$^{4}$ cells/mL) at 24 and 48 hrs of treatment (p<0.01). However, the decreased TGF-$\beta$1 $\alpha$ production of RPMI 2650 cells by H. pylori lysate increased by treatment with kimchi extract for 72 hrs. Especially, K4 kimchi (containing organically cultivated Korean cabbage and more ingredients, modulated TGF-$\beta$1 production of H. pylori lysate-activated RPMI 2650 cells to the normal level (control) by treatment for 48 hrs. The treatment of K1 and K4 kimchi enhanced the LPS (0.01 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)-induced IL-6 production of splenocytes. The results suggest that kimchi might have an beneficial effect on cancer prevention due in part to the function enhancing NO production of activated macrophages. Our data suggest that kimchi could modulate TGF-$\beta$1 production by cancer cells and IL-6 production of splenocytes, thereby possibly contributing to control carcinogenesis and the immune system.