• 한국농공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.77-84
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• 1998

Adsorption and leaching characteristics of the artificial soils produced from water and wastewater treatment sludges were examined. The batch adsorption test and TCLP leaching test were used, and constituents of interest were heavy metals and nutrients. As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Cd were analyzed for metals, and nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed for nutrients. All the artificial soils showed strong adsorption and low leaching for the heavy metals, which implies that the artificial soils may not be hazardous to the environment due to heavy metals and even they can be utilized effectively to remove metals in solution like mine and industrial wastewaters. This is quite promising result because in most case heavy metals are the most concern in the application of sludge product to the farmland. For the nutrients, generally, artificial soils showed high adsorption and low leaching except artificial soil from wastewater sludge produced by low temperature firing. The artificial soils produced from water treatment sludge were active in adsorbing nutrients and showed low leaching that they can be practically used to remove nutrients in advanced treatment process of the wastewater. The artificial soils produced from wastewater treatment sludge were less active in adsorbing nutrients and showed high teaching. However, they could be used usefully if applied properly to the plant growing because of their fertilizing effect. Based on the test results, overall, the artificial soils were thought to be not hazardous to the environment and they could be more useful if applied properly.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 페로망간 제조공정에서 발생한 집진분의 황산침출에 대하여 조사하였다. 황산의 농도, 반응온도, 교반속도, 입자크기 및 고-액비가 집진분 중의 Mn과 Fe의 침출에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. Mn과 Fe의 침출속도는 황산의 농도가 높고 반응온도가 높을수록 높아졌다. 실험결과를 입자수축모델을 이용하여 검토한 결과 침출반응은 입자표면에서의 화학반응에 의해서 율속되는 것으로 생각된다. Mn과 Fe 침출반응의 활성화에너지는 각각 79.55 kJ/mol과 77.48 kJ/mol로 계산되었다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.956-966
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• 2011

Bioleaching studies of metals from a spent catalyst were conducted using both adapted and unadapted bacterial cultures. The bacterium used in this experiment was Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. A comparison of the kinetics of leaching was made between the two cultures by varying the leaching parameters, including the pulp density, particle size and temperature. Both cultures showed similar effects with respect to the above parameters, but the leaching rates of all metals were higher with the adapted compared to the unadapted bacterial cultures. The leaching reactions were continued for 240 h in the case of the unadapted bacterial culture, but only for 40 h in the case of the adapted bacterial culture. The leaching reactions followed first order kinetics. In addition, the kinetics of leaching was concluded to be a diffusion control model; therefore, the product layers were impervious.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2021

폐리튬이온배터리를 고온에서 용융환원처리하면 코발트, 니켈 및 구리가 환원된 금속을 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 상기 금속외에 망간, 철 및 규소가 같이 환원된 금속합금의 침출을 조사하였다. 침출용액으로 염산에 과산화수소를 산화제로 첨가해 염산과 산화제의 농도, 반응시간 및 온도와 광액밀도를 변화시켜 니켈, 코발트 및 구리를 99% 이상 침출시킬 수 있는 조건을 조사하였다. 과산화수소 농도와 광액밀도가 금속의 침출에 미치는 영향이 현저했으며 20에서 80℃의 반응온도범위에서 반응온도는 침출에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 2M의 염산용액에서 5%의 과산화수소를 혼합한 용액으로 60℃의 반응온도와 30 g/L의 광액밀도조건에서 150분 반응시키면 규소를 제외한 모든 금속이 99% 이상 침출되었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2017

블랙드로스에 함유된 유가성분을 회수하기 위한 공정을 개발하기 위해 염산용액으로 침출실험을 수행했다. 블랙드로스와 물로 처리한 잔사의 침출거동을 비교했다. 본 연구의 실험범위에서 블랙드로스에 함유된 성분중 $TiO_2$를 제외한 모든 성분이 염산에 용해되었다. 물로 블랙드로스를 처리하면 알루미나, 마그네시아, 실리카의 침출율이 저하되었으며, 침출반응을 고찰했다. 3M의 염산과 반응온도 $90^{\circ}C$에서 알루미나, 마그네시아, 실리카의 침출율은 85, 100, 40%이었다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2019

본 연구 목적은 비-가시성 금 형태로 산출되는 황화광물 정광을 마이크로웨이브-질산용출하여 황화광물을 효과적으로 용해시키고자 하였고, 고체-잔류물을 납-시금법을 적용하여 금을 회수하고자 하였다. 따라서 질산농도, 용출시간 그리고 시료 첨가량 효과에 대하여 마이크로웨이브-용출실험을 각각 수행하였다. 고체-잔류물의 무게 감소율은 질산농도가 증가할수록 그리고 용출시간이 증가할수록 증가하였지만 시료 첨가량이 증가하면 무게 감소율이 감소하였다. 마이크로웨이브-질산용출을 수행한 결과 질산농도 6 M에서, 마이크로웨이브 용출시간 18분에서 황철석이 완전히 사라진 것을 XRD 분석에서 확인하였다. 고체-잔류물에 대하여 납-시금법을 수행한 결과, 질산농도가 증가할수록 그리고 용출시간이 증가할수록 함량이 증가된 금 입자들을 회수하였다. 반면에 시료 첨가량이 증가할수록 금 함량이 감소하는 입자들을 회수하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2022

A large amount of the mineral nitrogen is necessary for crop growth. With the use of nitrogen fertilizers, agricultural yield has increased during the last few decades. However, at the same time, nitrate from the cultivated land can be a source of environmental pollution, especially in water systems. For nitrogen management, it is necessary to analyze the pattern of nitrogen movement in soil. In this study, nitrogen leaching in upland soils was evaluated using undisturbed lysimeters with different soil textures during sesame cultivation. The soil texture of the lysimeters was clay loam (Songjung series) and sandy loam (Sangju series) soils. Sesame was cultivated from May 25 to August 24 in 2020. The standard amount of NPK fertilizer (N-P₂O₅-K₂O = 2.9-3.1-3.2 kg·10 a^-1) was applied before sowing. The amount of nitrogen leaching was calculated by multiplying the nitrogen (NO₃-N + NH₄-N) concentration and the amount of water drained below 1.5 m soil depth. The water was drained through percolation into macropores in the clay loam lysimeter. In contrast, in the sandy loam lysimeter, water drained more slowly than in the clay loam lysimeter. There was a slight difference in the total amount of leachate during the cultivation period, but the amount of nitrogen leaching was high in sandy loam soil. During the sesame cultivation period, the amount of nitrogen leaching from clay soil was 5.64 kg·10 a^-1, and 10.70 kg·10 a^-1 for sandy soil. We found that there was a difference in leaching depending on the soil physical characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of soil to evaluate the leaching of nitrogen.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2015

전기로와 마이크로웨이브에 노출시킨 황철석 시료에 대하여 광물학적 상변화를 파악하고 Fe 최대 용출 인자들을 결정하고자 하였다. 전기로에 노출시킨 시료에서 적철석으로 구성된 가장자리 구조가 나타난 반면에 마이크로웨이브에 노출시킨 시료는 적철석과 자류철석이 가장자리 구조로 나타났다. 특히 마이크로웨이브에 노출시킨 시료는 결정 내부에 아크방전에 의하여 수많은 크랙들이 서로 연결되어 형성되었지만 전기로에 노출시킨 시료는 크랙이 형성되지 않았다. XRD 분석에서, 전기로에 노출시킨 시료는 황철석과 적철석이 나타났지만 마이크로웨이브에 노출시킨 시료는 황철석, 적철석 및 자류철석이 나타났다. 황철석 시료에 대하여 암모니아 용출실험을 수행하여 Fe 용출률이 최대로 나타나는 인자들은 -325 mesh 입도, 2.0 M의 황산, 1.5 M의 황산암모늄, 1.0 M의 과산화수소 농도에서였다. 용출률이 최대로 나타나는 인자들을 전기로에 그리고 마이크로웨이브 노출 시료에 각각 적용한 결과 전기로 보다 마이크로웨이브에 노출시킨 시료에서 Fe 용출률이 더 많이 그리고 더 빠른 시간에 나타났다. 따라서 산업광물에 포함된 Fe 제거에 혹은 금을 함유하는 황철석 분해에 마이크로웨이브 가열이 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.125-130
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• 2004

This study has been assessed the influence of applying sewage sludge to soil amendments on the sorption properties, and leaching potential of three commonly used organophosphorus pesticides, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. A sandy soil with a low content of organic carbon was treated with sewage sludge with a ratio sandy soil : sludge ratio of 30:1. The sorption was determined with the batch equilibrium technique. The sorption isotherms could be described by Freundlich equation. The Freundlich constant, K value which measures sorption capacity, were 3.97, 9.94, 22.48 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos in non-amended soil. But in amended soil, K value was 12.58, 28.47, and 61.21 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. The overall effect of sewage sludge addition to soil was to increase pesticides adsorption, due to the high sorption capacity of the organic matter. The effect of sludge on tile leaching of pesticides in the soil was studied using packed soil columns. Total recoveries of pesticides in soil and leachate with leaching in soil column, were in the range of about 73～84%, was reduced with the passage of time. Diazinon moved more rapidly than Chlorpyrifos in the unamended soil due to greater sorption and lower water solubility of Chlorpyrifos. Total amounts of pesticides leached from the sewage sludge amended soils were significantly reduced when compared with unamended soils. This reduction may be mainly due to and increase in sorption in amended soils, as a consequence of the increase in the organic matter content.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.598-604
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of simulated acid rain (SAR) on germination, growth, acid buffering capacity and nutrient leaching in Impatiens balsamina L. and Tagetes patula L.. In both species, germination was not inhibited at pH 4.0, but the germination rate decreased at the lower pH of 3.0, showing higher rate in Inpatiens balsamina L. than Tagetes patula L.. As the pH decreases, the growth of radicle was markedly decreased than that of hypocotyl in both species. The plant height, root length, leaf area, total dry weight, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were inhibited by SAR. The acid buffering capacity in the leaves were increased at pH 4.0, on the other hand, it was shown a tendency to decrease at pH 2.0 in both species. As the pH levels decreased from 5.6 to 2.0, the nutrient leaching from leaves was significantly increased in both species. Based on the results, there are a great difference in the responses to SAR between the two species. In general, Tagetes patula L. represented a higher tolerance to SAR than Impatiens balsamina L.. These results suggested that interspecific variation in the acid buffering capacity and nutrient leaching from leaves may be responsible for the interspecific susceptibility to SAR.