• 제목/요약/키워드: laws & regulations

검색결과 914건 처리시간 0.028초

메타데이터기반 정보구조화를 통한 지능형 친환경 법령정보 검색 (Intelligent Information Search of Environmental Regulations through Metadata-based Information Structurization)

  • 우상준;오민호;김한수;이재욱
    • 한국BIM학회 논문집
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.8-15
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    • 2015
  • With the emergence of environment-friendly paradigms, many countries around the world have enacted various laws to take care of environmental pollution-related problems. The goal of these environmental laws and regulations was to properly respond to rapid environmental pollution. Because of the simultaneous enactment of these laws on diverse pollution sources, however, a variety of problems, including an unclear correlation among these laws, have occurred. As a result, workers have found it hard to collect and use the related laws and regulations. Therefore, this study proposes a metadata-based information retrieval method for the efficient search of environment-friendly laws and regulations. The laws and regulations were structured using metadata from users, business stage, topic and department. These were obtained through semantic analysis on environment-friendly laws and regulations, and then an intelligent retrieval approach was utilized. To verify the retrieval plan, a test case was conducted, and improvement in retrieval accuracy against the conventional system was confirmed. It appears that the proposed plan will improve productivity in the construction industry by improving accuracy in retrieving environment-friendly laws and regulations.

저영향 개발(LID) 확대 적용을 위한 공간·환경 계획 관련 법·제도 평가 및 개선방향 (Evaluation and Improvement Directions of Laws and Regulations Related to Space and Environmental Planning Toward Extended Application of LID in Korea)

  • 손철희;백종인;반영운
    • 지역연구
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.49-60
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    • 2018
  • 도시의 물 순환 회복을 위해 국외 도시에서 적용되고 있는 저영향개발(Low Impact Development, LID)을 국내에 적용하기 위해 관련 법 제도의 개선 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 국내 LID의 효율적 적용을 위해 외국에서 운영하고 있는 공간 환경계획 관련 법 제도적 현황을 분석한 후 시사점을 정리하고, 이에 근거하여 LID를 지원하는 법 제도가 갖추어야할 요소들을 도출하고, 도출된 요소들을 기반으로 LID 적용을 위해 국내 공간 환경계획 관련 법 제도를 평가한 후 공간계획 관련 법 제도 개선방향을 제시하는 것이다. LID 적용을 위한 공간 환경계획 관련 법 제도 평가 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공간계획 관련 법 제도에서는 LID의 개념 및 기본원칙, LID 계획의 수립 및 연계 방법 등이 반영되지 않고 있다. 이러한 문제는 공간계획 전반에 걸쳐 LID를 비롯한 환경계획 내용을 반영하지 않는데 기인한다. 둘째, 환경계획 관련 법 제도에서는 법 제도의 시행 배경과 환경적 특성에 따라 LID의 개념 및 대상을 다르게 정의하였고, LID를 제고하기 위한 정책 대안들도 다르게 제시되고 있다. 위 평가결과에 기초한 관련 법 제도의 개선방향은 다음과 같다. 첫째, LID의 확대 적용을 지원하는 법을 제정할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 공간계획 관련 법 제도는 제정되는 LID 법에 근거하여 그 법, 시행령, 지침 등에 LID 계획을 연계하여야 한다. 셋째, LID의 구조적 비구조적 기법이 제공하는 환경적 편익이 정량적으로 분석되어야 한다.

공공도서관 관련 자치법규 분석 - 대전광역시를 중심으로 - (An Analysis of Local Laws and Regulations Related to the Public Library: Focusing on Daejeon Metropolitan City)

  • 윤혜영
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.281-300
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 대전지역을 중심으로 공공도서관 관련 자치법규에 대한 현황 및 내용을 분석하여 공공도서관 관련 자치법규의 제정과 개정 시에 기초자료로 활용되기 위한 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 첫째, 자치법규의 유형, 성격, 제정절차를 통해 자치법규의 이론적 배경에 대해 살펴보고 둘째 대전지역의 공공도서관을 광역자치단체, 기초자치단체, 교육청 소속으로 세 구분하여 공공도서관 관련 자치법규를 분석하였다. 연구결과 공공도서관 행정체계, 도서관장의 직종과 직급, 공공도서관 조직체계 영역에서 문제점과 개선방안을 제시하였다.

독성 한약재의 법적 규제에 관한 연구 (Study on The Regulation on Poisonous Medicinal Herbs)

  • 권기태
    • 의료법학
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.271-296
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    • 2010
  • Objective: Poisonous Medicinal herbs can be considered as a risk factor to public health unless they are prescribed by Doctor of traditional Korean medicine. The proper method to manage them should be prepared to prevent risk factors caused by misuse and abuse of the poisonous medicinal herbs and enhance public health. Methods: In this dissertation (paper), the definition, scope, management status, data about pharmacology and toxicity and media release regarding adverse reaction were understood after organizing documents, laws and regulations concerning poisonous medicinal herbs. Also, management methods are suggested by analyzing related examples and regulations in China, Japan and Hong Kong, where the use of herbal medicine is general. Results: Methods for items for poisonous medicinal herbs, safety information management, management based on standardization of traditional processing methodology and reorganization and revision of related laws and regulations are established. Conclusion: Proper laws and regulations are not yet established to manage poisonous medicinal herbs in Korea. In this regard, it is urgent to establish laws and regulations which can apply independently. The purpose of the laws and regulations should be to enhance management of poisonous medicinal herbs and prevent incidence of addiction and death, improving the public health.

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Preparation of the Applicable Regulatory Guideline on Mixed Waste in Korea Based on the Analysis of US Laws and Regulations

  • Sim, Eun-Jin;Lee, Sun-Kee;Kim, Chang-Lak;Kim, Tae-Man
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.141-160
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    • 2021
  • Unit 1 of the Kori Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and Unit 1 of the Wolsong NPP are being prepared for decommissioning; their decommissioning is expected to generate large amounts of intermediate-level, low-level, and very low level Waste. Mixed waste containing both radioactive and hazardous substances is expected to be produced. Nevertheless, laws and regulations, such as the Korean Nuclear Safety Act and Waste Management Act, do not define clear regulatory guidelines for mixed waste. However, the United States has strictly enforced regulations on mixed waste, focusing on the human health and environmental effects of its hazardous components. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Department of Energy regulate the radioactive components of mixed waste under the Atomic Energy Act. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulates the hazardous waste component of mixed waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. In this study, the laws, regulations, and authorities pertaining to mixed waste in the United States are reviewed. Through comparison and analysis with waste management laws and regulations in Korea, a treatment direction for mixed waste is suggested. Such a treatment for mixed waste will increase the efficiency of managing mixed waste when decommissioning NPPs in the near future.

지방자치단체 갈등관리 분야 법규 분석 (An Analysis of the Local Laws and Regulations in Conflict of the Local Government)

  • 변성수;류상일;최호택
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제9권12호
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    • pp.797-804
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    • 2009
  • 이 연구는 지방자치단체의 효율적인 갈등관리를 위한 기초연구로서, 갈등관리 분야의 법규에 관한 내용을 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 효율적인 갈등관리를 위한 법규의 개선방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 이 연구의 주요 분석내용은 법규의 기초 사항, 목적 및 갈등당사자, 용어, 심의기구, 조정기구, 중요 특이 사항 등을 포함하고 있다. 그리고 이 연구는 갈등관리 분야 법규의 개선방안으로서 자치단체장의 갈등관리에 대한 인식 전환 및 의지 강화, 갈등관리기구의 역할과 심의 조정 내용의 반영 및 이행 강화, 행 재정적 지원 규정의 확산 등을 제시하고 있다.

지방자치단체의 도서관 자치법규 분석 (Analysis of Local Laws and Regulations Related to the Library)

  • 김홍렬
    • 한국도서관정보학회지
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.117-138
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 전국 245개 광역 및 기초자치단체가 제정하여 운영하고 있는 도서관 자치법규를 전수 조사하여 분석하였다. 연구의 분석결과를 통하여 자치법규 제정현황을 점검하고, 도서관 설치 및 운영을 뒷받침하는 법제적 근거로 작용할 수 있는 자치법규 제정의 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 조사결과 우리나라 245개 광역 및 기초자치단체가 운영 중인 도서관 자치법규는 조례가 393건, 규칙이 187건, 훈령(규정)이 43건, 예규(지침)가 6건으로 모두 629건으로 조사되었다. 또한 도서관 관련 자치법규가 전무한 지방자치단체는 32개이며, 도서관운영 조례가 없는 지자체는 40개, 작은도서관 운영조례가 없는 지자체는 144개, 독서문화진흥조례가 없는 지자체는 196개에 이르고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 우리나라 지방자치단체에서 도서관 자치법규 제정의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

중국의 제조물책임 관련법규와 사례연구 (The Product Liability Laws and Regulations of China and Case Study on Product Liability)

  • 허재창;한낙현
    • 무역상무연구
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    • 제25권
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    • pp.243-266
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    • 2005
  • Product liability is becoming a real issue to exporters, manufacturers world wide. The purpose of this study is to examine the product liability of Korean exporters, manufacturers, etc. under Product Liability Laws and Regulations of China. For this purpose, firstly we deal with the Product Liability Laws and Regulations of China. Secondly we analyze the case study concerning the Product Liability in China. From the analysis of case study, Korean exporters, manufacturers, etc. are required to pay close attention to the following : the correspondence of English with Chinese in the warning phrases, the possibility of application of strict global standard in case of existence of product liability, the proper treatment of evidence in the process of litigation, the application of strict liability and the shift of responsibility for evidence on to a defendant, the observance of procedures prescribed by the country in design and manufacture of the product, the manufacture of product to come up to country standard in quality, the consideration of diverse expression in the preparation of warning sign, the importance of quality control and inspection system in case of local procurement of parts and raw materials, Finally, this paper contributes to help the Korean Exporters, Manufacturers, etc. to build up the proper countermeasures regarding product liability under the product liability regulations of China.

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中國通用航空立法若干問題研究 (Some Issues on China General Aviation Legislation)

  • 란상
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.99-143
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    • 2016
  • General aviation and air transport are two wings of the civil aviation industry. Chinese air transport is developing rapidly, and has become the world second air transport system only second to US since 2005. However, Chinese civil aviation is far behind the world average level, and cannot meet requirements of economic construction and social development. The transition and structural adjustment of Chinese economy provide the general aviation with a unprecedented broad market. The prospect of general aviation is promising and anticipated. The development of general aviation industry needs the legislative supports, and the current legislative conditions of Chinese general aviation are undoubtedly far behind the realistic requirements. Accelerating the legislation in Chinese general aviation industry requires scientific legislation concept. First, Legislation must promote development of general aviation industry. The general aviation will serves as a Chinese emerging industry that boosts domestic demand, promotes employment and expedite domestic economic development. We should, based on both the concept of promoting the industrial development of general aviation and national industrial planning, enact and rectify relative laws and regulations. And we should also straighten out the relationship between aviation security and industrial development and promote the revolution of low-altitude airspace management in an all-round way, in order to improve the utilization rate of airspace resources, classify and establish airspace, simplify examination and approval procedure and intensify operation management. In addition, what we should do is to expedite the infrastructure layout construction, guide the differentiated but coordinated development of general aviation industries in various areas, establish a united supervision mechanism of general aviation, redistrict the responsibilities of Chinese Air Control Agency and set up legislation, law enforcement and judicial systems with clarified institutions, clear positioning and classified responsibilities, so as to usher in a new era of the legislative management of Chinese general aviation industry. Second, shift the focus from regulations to both regulations and services. Considering the particularity of the general aviation, we should use American practices for reference and take into account both regulation and service functions when enacting general aviation laws. For example, we should reduce administrative licensing and market supervision, and adopt "criteria" and "approval" management systems for non-commercial and commercial aviation. Furthermore, pay attention to social benefits. Complete social rescuing mechanism through legislation. It should be clarified in legislation that general aviation operators should take the responsibilities of, and ensure to realize social benefits of environmental protection and ecological balance .Finally, rise in line with international standards. Modify Chinese regulations which is inconsistent with international ones to remove barriers to international cooperation. Specify basic legislative principles. One is the principle of coordination. Realize coordination between the civil aviation and general aviation, between military aviation and civil aviation, and among departments. Two is the principle of pertinence. The general aviation has its own rules and specialties, needing to be standardized using specialized laws and regulations. Three is the principle of efficiency. To realize time and space values of general aviation, we should complete rules in aerospace openness, general aviation airport construction, general aviation operations, and regulation enforcement. Four is the principle of security. Balance the maximum use of resources of Chinese airspace and the according potential threats to Chinese national interests and social security, and establish a complete insurance system which functions as security defense and indemnificatory measure. Establish a unified legal system. Currently, the system of Chinese general aviation laws consists of national legislation, administrative laws and regulations and civil aviation regulations (CAR). Some problems exist in three components of the system, including too general content, unclear guarantee measures, incomplete implementation details, and lacking corresponding pertinence and flexibility required by general aviation regulations, stringency of operation management and standards, and uniformity of standards. A law and regulation system, centered on laws and consisting of administrative laws regulations, industrial regulations, implementation details, industrial policies and local laws and regulations, should be established. It is suggested to modify the Civil Aviation Law to make general aviation laws complete, enact the Regulations of General Aviation Development, and accelerate the establishment, modification and abolition of Chinese general aviation laws to intensify the coordination and uniformity of regulations.

한약제제, 생약제제와 천연물신약의 법규상 개념 및 정의의 문제점과 개선안 (A study on the Problems and Improvement Proposals on Legal Definitions in Respect of Herbal Medicinal Preparations, Crude Drug Preparations and New Drugs from Natural Products)

  • 엄석기
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.181-198
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : This study was to analyze definitions of herbal medicinal preparations, crude drug preparations, and new drugs from natural products in the relevant laws and regulations, understand the related problems, and propose directions for improvement. Methods : I analyzed the legal definitions in respect of herbal medicinal preparations, crude drug preparations, and new drugs from natural products in relevant laws and regulations since 1945, explained the problems, and suggested the solution-considering the academic stance of Traditional Korean Medicine and the dualistic medical and pharmaceutical system. Results : Regarding the current laws and regulations that are relevant to herbal medicinal preparations, we should 1) clarify the boundaries between the duty of physicians and that of pharmacists, 2) limit the principles of Korean Medicine as well as the contents of the related textbooks, 3) find a way to protect the intellectual property rights for herbal medicinal preparations, and 4) establish a separate standard for drug classification regarding herbal medicinal preparations. In case of crude drug preparations, we should 1) clarify the meaning and limitations of the phrase, "the point of view of Western medicine," and 2) establish a classification standard for drugs that are used in Korean Medicine and clarify the boundaries between herbal drug preparations and crude drug preparations. Furthermore, laws and regulations apropos of new drugs from natural products do not actually fit the concept of "new drug," and due to subordinate laws, a supplement to a new drug submission is contradictorily misclassified as a new drug from natural products. Conclusions : The problems of legal definitions of herbal medicinal preparations, crude drug preparations, and new drugs from natural products have emerged in the process of giving approval to drugs that are made of herbs and natural products under the dualistic medical and pharmaceutical System. Laws and regulations that differentiate the process of approving herbs that are used in Korean Medicine and the others should be established.