• 한국어병학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2022

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a prevalent and virulent pathogen affecting cultured whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Korea. In this study, seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (10A12, 16C3, 17G4, 21G5, 22C4, 23B6 and 24G6) were produced by using purified WSSV. The reactivity of these mAbs was analysed by Western blot (WB), indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA). WB analysis demonstrated that three mAbs (17G4, 22C4, and 23B6) reacted specifically to VP28 with an approximate molecular weight of 24 kDa, mAb 16C3 reacted with approximately 17 kDa. IIF analysis demonstrated specific fluorescence signals on gill tissues of WSSV-infected shrimp, with five mAbs (10A12, 16C3, 22C4, 23B6, and 24G6), pleopods from WSSV-infected shrimp were used for LFIA, where, two mAbs (21G5 and 22C4) exhibited positive reaction. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the mAbs usage and specificity depends on the nature of assay used for diagnosis.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2024

Garlic can be infected by a variety of viruses, but mixed infections with leek yellow stripe virus, onion yellow dwarf virus, and allexiviruses are the most damaging, so an easy, inexpensive on-site method to simultaneously detect at least these three viruses with a certain degree of accuracy is needed to produce virus-free plants. The most common laboratory method for diagnosis is multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, allexiviruses are highly diverse even within the same species, making it difficult to design universal PCR primers for all garlic-growing regions in the world. To solve this problem, we developed an inexpensive on-site detection system for the three garlic viruses that uses a commercial mobile PCR device and a compact electrophoresis system with a blue light. In this system, virus-specific bands generated by electrophoresis can be identified by eye in real time because the PCR products are labeled with a fluorescent dye, FITC. Because the electrophoresis step might eventually be replaced with a lateral flow assay (LFA), we also demonstrated that a uniplex LFA can be used for virus detection; however, multiplexing and a significant cost reduction are needed before it can be used for on-site detection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1672-1683
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• 2021

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as one of the most important foodborne pathogens responsible for gastroenteritis in humans. The bla_CARB-17 gene is an intrinsic β-lactamase gene and a novel species-specific genetic marker of V. parahaemolyticus. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) was developed targeting this bla_CARB-17 gene. The specificity of LAMP-LFD was ascertained by detecting V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 and seven other non-V. parahaemolyticus strains. Finally, the practicability of LAMP-LFD was confirmed by detection with V. parahaemolyticus-contaminated samples and natural food samples. The results showed that the optimized reaction parameters of LAMP are as follows: 2.4 mmol/l Mg²⁺, 0.96 mmol/l dNTPs, 4.8 U Bst DNA polymerase, and an 8:1 ratio of inner primer to outer primer, at 63℃ for 40 min. The optimized reaction time of the LFD assay is 60 min. Cross-reactivity analysis with the seven non-V. parahaemolyticus strains showed that LAMP-LFD was exclusively specific for V. parahaemolyticus. The detection limit of LAMP-LFD for V. parahaemolyticus genomic DNA was 2.1 × 10^-4 ng/μl, corresponding to 630 fg/reaction and displaying a sensitivity that is 100-fold higher than that of conventional PCR. LAMP-LFD in a spiking study revealed a detection limit of approximately 6 CFU/ml, which was similar with conventional PCR. The developed LAMP-LFD specifically identified the 10 V. parahaemolyticus isolates from 30 seafood samples, suggesting that this LAMP-LFD may be a suitable diagnostic method for detecting V. parahaemolyticus in aquatic foods.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2020년도 제62차 하계학술대회논문집 28권2호
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• pp.443-444
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 여러 개의 측방 유동 스트립을 형광분석을 통한 정량분석을 할 수 있는 장비의 각 스트립에 인쇄된 바코드를 카메라를 이용하여 인식하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘에서는 각 슬롯의 스트립 유무를 판단하고, 시작 비트의 위치를 템플릿 정합법으로 검출하여 바코드 영역을 찾는다. 각 비트 영역은 바코드 설계 데이터와 기기 교정 시 계산된 공간 해상도를 이용하여 결정된다. 각 비트의 값은 비트 영역 중앙 부분의 평균을 이용하여 결정하였다. 다양한 조명 아래에서 취득한 영상들로부터 스트립 유무 판단, 시작 비트 위치 탐색 성공 여부 및 각 비트 값을 결정 등을 위한 판정 값을 가우시안 모델을 이용하여 계산하였다. 실험 결과 모든 판정 오류는 무시할 만 하였다.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2005년도 제16회 정기총회 및 동계학술발표회
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• pp.26-27
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• 2005

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.158-167
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• 2015

A lateral flow immunoassay kit based on antigen-antibody interactions was developed to detect residues of beta-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides in farmed fish. Group-specific antibodies showing cross-reactivity with other antibiotics in the same group were produced in rabbits. The rabbits were immunized eight times to obtain the maximum titers. Antibodies were extracted from the antisera collected from the immunized rabbits and produced group-specific reactions with antibiotics from the four groups. A kit was prepared that optimize conditions for the antigen-antibody reaction, using colloidal gold conjugated antibodies, and was designed to detect the four groups of antibiotics simultaneously. The kit enabled the detection of antibiotics in the four groups at below maximum residue limits (MRLs), which were $200{\mu}g/kg$ for tetracyclines, $100{\mu}g/kg$ for sulfonamides, $50{\mu}g/kg$ for beta-lactams, and $100{\mu}g/kg$ for quinolones. The cross-reactivity of the antibodies ranged from 10-80% for the sulfonamides, 20-100% for tetracyclines, 38-100% for quinolones, and 20-100% for the beta-lactams, confirming that the antibodies were group specific. The test kit was used 30 times to examine spiked antibiotics at the limits of detection (LODs) and all produced positive results, indicating high sensitivity. The LODs for the assay ranged from 4-20 ng/mL for beta-lactams, 25-50 ng/mL for sulfonamides, 20-100 ng/mL for tetracyclines, and 30-80 ng/mL for quinolones, and there were no false negative reactions at above these LODs. In addition, all of the LODs of the developed kit were correlated with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data. Our lateral flow immunoassay kit can simultaneously detect antibiotic residues from a large number of fish samples rapidly, strengthening the safety of domestic farmed and imported fish.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.454-464
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• 2019

Salmonellosis is a highly contagious bacterial disease that threatens both human and poultry health. Tests that can detect Salmonella in the field are urgently required to facilitate disease control and for epidemiological investigations. Here, we combined loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with a chromatographic lateral flow dipstick (LFD) to rapidly and accurately detect Salmonella. LAMP primers were designed to target the Salmonella invA gene. LAMP conditions were optimized by adjusting the ratio of inner to outer primers, $MgSO_4$ concentration, dNTP mix concentration, amplification temperature, and amplification time. We evaluated the specificity of our novel LAMP-LFD method using six Salmonella species and six related non-Salmonella strains. All six of the Salmonella strains, but none of the non-Salmonella strains, were amplified. LAMP-LFD was sensitive enough to detect concentrations of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Pullorum genomic DNA as low as $89fg/{\mu}l$, which is 1,000 times more sensitive than conventional PCR. When artificially contaminated feed samples were analyzed, LAMP-LFD was also more sensitive than PCR. Finally, LAMP-LFD gave no false positives across 350 chicken anal swabs. Therefore, our novel LAMP-LFD assay was highly sensitive, specific, convenient, and fast, making it a valuable tool for the early diagnosis and monitoring of Salmonella infection in chickens.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.486-493
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• 2023

Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) is a global plant virus that poses a threat to the production and quality of legume crops. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective managing CPMMV outbreaks. With the advancement in isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification and lateral flow strips technologies, more rapid and sensitive methods have become available for detecting this pathogen. In this study, we have developed a reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow strips (RT-RPA-LFS) method for the detection of CPMMV, specifically targeting the CPMMV coat protein (CP) gene. The RT-RPA-LFS assay only requires 20 min at 40℃ and demonstrates high specificity. Its detection limit was 10 copies/µl, which is approximately up to 100 times more sensitive than RT-PCR on agarose gel electrophoresis. The developed RT-RPA-LFS method offers a rapid, convenient, and sensitive approach for field detection of CPMMV, which contribute to controlling the spread of the virus.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1716-1721
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• 2021

Chikungunya fever is an arboviral disease caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The disease has similar clinical manifestations with other acute febrile illnesses which complicates differential diagnosis in low-resource settings. We aimed to develop a rapid test for CHIKV detection based on the nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay technology. The system consists of a primer set that recognizes the E1 region of the CHIKV genome and test strips in an enclosed cassette which are used to detect amplicons labeled with FITC/biotin. Amplification of the viral genome was done using open-source PCR, a low-cost open-source thermal cycler. Assay performance was evaluated using a panel of RNA isolated from patients' blood with confirmed CHIKV (n = 8) and dengue virus (n = 20) infection. The open-source PCR-NALFIA platform had a limit of detection of 10 RNA copies/ml. The assay had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 67.56% - 100%) and 100% (95% CI: 83.89% - 100%), respectively, compared to reference standards of any positive virus culture on C6/36 cell lines and/or qRT-PCR. Further evaluation of its performance using a larger sample size may provide important data to extend its usefulness, especially its utilization in the peripheral healthcare facilities with scarce resources and outbreak situations.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2022

탄소나노점@실리카를 신호 형질 소재로 이용한 측면 유동 면역 형광 분석법을 개발하여 폐암 바이오마커 중에 하나인 레티놀 결합 단백질 4의 농도를 분석하는 데 적용하고자 하였다. 측면 유동 면역 형광 분석법에서 항원 검출을 위해 바이오리셉터로 주로 사용하였던 항체 대신 좀 더 경제적이고, 장기간 보관성이 용이하며, 특정 표적 단백질에 대해 친화력이 강한 압타머를 니트로셀룰로오스 멤브레인에 사용하였다. 레티놀 결합 단백질 4에 특이적이며 5' 말단을 비오틴으로 변형한 압타머를 뉴트라비딘과 반응시켜 비오틴과 뉴트라비딘의 강한 결합력에 의해 압타머가 니트로 셀룰로오스 멤브레인에 고정되도록 하였다. 압타머가 고정된 스트립에 레티놀 결합 단백질 4 항체를 공유결합으로 고정한 탄소나노점@실리카 블루 형광 신호 형질 나노입자와 레티놀 결합 단백질 4 항원을 측면 유동 방식으로 흘려 주어 샌드위치 복합체를 형성하였다. 이렇게 형성된 샌드위치 복합체에서 탄소나노점@실리카 나노입자에 의한 형광 신호를 측정하여 항원 농도를 분석하기 위한 최적의 조건을 선정하기 위해 전개 완충용액에 첨가된 계면활성제의 농도, 이온 세기를 변화시키면서 블로킹 시약을 추가적으로 사용하였다. 그 결과 150 mM NaCl 및 0.05% Tween-20을 포함하는 10 mM Tris 완충용액(pH 7.4)에서 0.6 M 에탄올아민을 블로킹 시약으로 사용하였을 때 니트로셀룰로오스 멤브레인에 도포된 압타머와 레티놀 결합 단백질 4 항원 및 탄소나노점@실리카 나노입자로 레이블링한 항체가 결합하여 최적의 형광분석신호를 내는 것을 확인 가능하였다. 이러한 결과는 현장진단검사 키트로 현재 각광을 받고 있는 측면 유동 면역 형광 분석법에서 항체 대신 압타머를 니트로셀룰로오스 멤브레인에 고정함으로써 좀 더 경제적이며, 장기간 보관이 용이한 측면 유동 면역 형광 분석 칩을 제작하여 폐암 질환 진단용 바이오마커 검출이 가능함을 시사하였다.