• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2018

The dog frontal sinus may represent an alternative model dental implant research; its topographical resemblance to the maxillary sinus renders it a potentially favorable experimental environment. The aim of this study was thus to elucidate the anatomical configuration of the canine frontal sinus and histological characteristics, and to determine whether it could be a new canine experimental model for dental implant research. Twenty-four sides of canine frontal bones were harvested. The distance from the nasion to the emerging point of the lateral aspect of the canine frontal sinus was measured with the aid of Lucion software. The thicknesses of the canine frontal sinus wall were measured, and the two specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The mean distance from the nasion to the emerging point of the lateral aspect of the canine frontal sinus was 16.0 mm. The mean thicknesses of the canine frontal bone at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 mm lateral to the midsagittal plane were 2.3, 2.7, 3.2, 3.8, and 3.7 mm, respectively. The canine frontal sinus was lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. These data suggest that the canine frontal sinus is a suitable alternative to the canine maxillary sinus as a model for studying various sinus augmentation protocols.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2024

Objective: This study investigated whether the acromion-table distance is associated with trapezius activity patterns during shoulder movements and the upper quarter Y-balance test (UQYBT). Additionally, it was to determine the correlation between upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscle activity. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-eight healthy young males participated in this study. Outcome measures included: (1) acromion-to-table distance, which assesses the scapular position, (2) trapezius muscle activity during shoulder flexion and abduction, and (3) the UQYBT, a measure of upper extremity function measured. Results: A significant negative correlation was observed between the acromion-table distance and the inferior-lateral direction reach distance of UQYBT (r=-0.499 and p=0.007). There were negative correlations between the upper and lower trapezius during shoulder flexion (r=-0.901, p < 0.001) and abduction (r=-0.661, p < 0.001), respectively. There was also a negative correlation between the upper and middle trapezius during shoulder abduction (r=-0.466, p=0.012). Conclusions: The acromion-table distance was related to the UQYBT. Anterior tilt of the scapula and limited range of motion of the shoulder may occur as the acromion-table distance increases. In addition, the acromion-table distance reflects the pectoralis minor muscle shortening, suggesting that the scapula position or the pectoralis minor shortening may influence the upper limb function. Therefore, these factors should be considered when assessing upper limb function using the UQYBT.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2013

This paper presents a lateral collision risk index between an ego vehicle and a rear-side vehicle. The lateral collision risk is designed to represent a lateral collision risk and provide the appropriate threshold value of activation of the lateral collision management system such as the Blind Spot Detection(BSD). The lateral collision risk index is designed using the Time to Line Crossing(TLC) and the longitudinal collision index at the predicted TLC. TLC and the longitudinal collision index are calculated with the signals from the exterior sensor such as the radar equipped on the rear-side of a vehicle and a vision sensor which detects the distance and time to the lane departure. For the robust situation assessment, the perception of driving environment determining whether the road is straighten or curved should be determined. The relative motion estimation method has been proposed with the road information via the integrated estimator using the environment sensors and vehicle sensor. A lateral collision risk index was composed with the estimated relative motion considering the relative yaw angle. The performance of the proposed lateral collision risk index is investigated via computer simulations conducted using the vehicle dynamics software CARSIM and Matlab/Simulink.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study was to highlight the role of lateral arthroplasty along with interposition of the buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of Sawhney type III temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with TMJ ankylosis (7 unilateral and 3 bilateral, total of 13 joints) were treated with lateral arthroplasty and BFP interposition. The bony bridge of the ankylotic mass on the lateral aspect was resected, leaving a distance of 1.5 to 2.0 cm from the base of the skull to the neck of the condyle. The condyle was left intact. Coronoidectomy was performed on the ipsilateral side via the same approach in all cases. The inter-incisal opening was measured at that time, and if it was less than 35 mm, contralateral coronoidectomy was performed by using the intra-oral approach. After satisfactory inter-incisal mouth opening (${\geq}35mm$) was achieved, the TMJ surgical site was revisited, and BFP was retrieved and used to cover the lateral aspect of the medially placed condyle. Results: With lateral arthroplasty, the medially displaced condyle can be left in-situ to maintain the mandibular ramal height and function and to act as a growth center in children. Interposition of the BFP prevents reformation of the lateral bony bridge that was removed. Conclusion: Lateral arthroplasty along with interpositioning of the BFP is a novel technique for managing Sawhney type III ankylosis that achieves management goals while avoiding complex and advanced reconstructive surgical procedures.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2017

This study examined the effectiveness degree of a protective apron that is taken not to be exposed to the first ray or scattered rays, for X-ray of thick subject like lateral lumbar, and the results are as follows; First, spatial dose by scattered rays is shielded by 3 mmPb protective apron, 86.8% at a distance of 50 cm, 92.7% at 100 cm, and 95.6% at 200 cm, when minimizing the field size, while 89% at a distance of 50 cm, 92.3% at 100 cm, and 95.2% at 200 cm, when maximizing the field size. Second, 1st exposure dose is shielded by 3 mmPb protective apron, 93.7% at a distance of 50 cm, 94.4% at 100 cm, and 93.6% at 200 cm, when minimizing the field size, while 93.7% at a distance of 50 cm, 93.6% at 100 cm, and 94.2% at 200 cm, when maximizing the field size.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.186-201
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• 2021

자율 주행 기술이 발전함에 따라 주행 주변 환경을 인식하는 데 차량 위치의 정확성은 매우 중요하다. 측위의 정확도를 높이기 위해 정밀지도를 사용한 지도 정합 측위기술(map-matching localization)이 연구되고 있다. 기존의 지도 정합 기법은 지도에서 차선의 중심으로 표현된 데이터를 기반으로 차량 위치를 추정하기에 차선 내 측면 거리의 편차를 반영하지 않는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 정밀한 측위를 제공하기 위해 영상처리를 통한 차선 검출 기법과 정밀지도의 차선 위치 정보를 이용한 기법을 제안한다. 영상 처리 기법으로 IPM(inverse perspective mapping)과 다중 차선 검출 기법, 중앙선 검출 기법을 통하여 차선 번호를 검출하고 차선 이탈 감지 방법으로 차선 중심으로부터 차량의 측면 거리를 추정한다. 최종적으로 영상처리로 검출한 차선 번호와 GNSS / INS의 위치를 기반으로 정밀지도에서 위치 링크정보를 추출하고 추출된 링크에 측면 거리를 반영하여 차선 내 차량의 위치를 추정한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 실제 도로에서 실험하였다. 제안하는 방법은 GNSS / INS와 비교 시 약 1.0m 정도 정확도가 개선되며, 기존의 차선레벨 맵매칭 방법과 비교 시 구간별로 약 0.04m ~ 0.21m(7~30%) 정확도가 개선됨을 확인하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2004

A low-cost, simple strip reader system using a linear movement mechanism of CD-ROM deck has been developed to characterize a lateral flow membrane-based immunochromatographic assay. The test strip reader was assembled by a CD-ROM deck and home-made optical head especially designed for immunoassays. The optical head for detecting reflected light from the test strip surface consists of green light-emitting diode, large area silicon photodiode, and anodized aluminum mounting block providing a slit structure for cutting light from the LED. The stepping motor of the deck was operated in the full step mode, whose distance of each reading point is about 0.15mm. The performance of the strip reader was tested by analysis of HBV(hepatitis B virus) antigen test kit. This strip reader can be useful for inexpensive, disposable, and membrane-based assays that provide visual evidence of the presence of an analyte in a liquid sample.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.861-866
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• 2007

This paper presents development of a vehicle lateral and longitudinal control for autonomous driving control and test results obtained using an electric vehicle. Sliding control theory has been used to develop a vehicle speed and distance control algorithm. The longitudinal control algorithm that maintains safety and comfort of the vehicle consists of a cruise and STOP&GO control depending on traffic conditions. Desired steering angle is determined through the lateral position error and the yaw angle error based on preview optimal control. Motor control inputs have been directly derived from the sliding control law. The performance of the autonomous driving control which is integrated with a lateral and longitudinal control is investigated by computer simulations and driving test using an electric vehicle. Electric vehicle system consists of DC driving motor, an electric power steering system, main controller (Autobox)

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2006

In this paper, lateral force control of a mobile robot with slip is presented. First, the bicycle model of a mobile robot is derived for the front steering. Second, impedance force control algorithm is applied to regulate contact force with environment. The desired distance is specified conservatively inside the environment to guarantee to make contact. Different stiffness of environment has been tested for force tracking task. Simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm works well to maintain desired contact force on the environment.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.180.1-180
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• 2001

In the autonomous vehicle, the reference lane is continually detected by machine vision system. And then the vehicle is steered to follow the reference yaw rates which are generated by the deviations of lateral distance and the yaw angle between the vehicle and the reference lane. To cope with the steering delay and the side-slip of vehicle, PI controller is introduced for the yaw rate feedback. And it is tuned by the simulation that the vehicle is modeled as 2 DOF verified by the results of the actual vehicle test. The lateral control algorithm by the yaw rate feedback has good performances of lane tracking and passenger comfort.