• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the low power Helium Neon-Infra Red(HeNe-IR) laser and the special electromagnetic therapeutic apparatus stimulation, which is usually designated as TDP by using the initial of Tending Diancibo Pu which is the Chinese inscribed with English, on wound healing in rat. The seventy-five Sprague-Dawley adult female and male rats were assigned to the experimental and control groups. Each rat was anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, and three full-thickness incisions with 12mm length wert made on the back of the half cf the rats and three deep second degree burns were made on the back of the remainder of the rats. From 34 hours after being injured, the rats of the experimental laser group were irradiated with the 157mW electric power HeNe-IR laser for 2 minutes every day and the rats of the experimental TDP group were stimulated with TDP irradiation with the 4km spot distance for 20 minutes every day during the 17 days. The rats were sacrificed and the wound parts of its were incised on the first day, 4th day, 7th day, 10th day and 17th day respectively after the beginning of wound treatment with laser and TDP irradiation. The incised wound parts were processed appropriately for the light microscopic and electron microscopic examination. The length of incised wound was measured with microcaliper before the wound part was incised. There was a significant decrease in the length of the incised wound of the experimental laser and TDP group, compared with that of control group at 4th day, 7th day and 10th day(p<0.01) after surgery. Through the histological examination of the wound site, the more rapid epithelialization and collagen formation in experimental groups were showed, compared with control group. The histological results were analyzed and summarized as the follows; The epidermis begins to be regenerated and the granulation tissue begins to be changed to the mature pattern in the H-E stained incised skin of the laser and TDP treatment group on the 4th day. The epidermis shows the complete regeneration and the granulation tissue in the dermis in mostly to be matured in the laser and TDP treatment group on the 7th day, compared with control group. The chronic inflammatory cells are oberved and the necrosis of the collagen fibers are partially observed in control group on the 10th day. The dermis of the laser and TOP treatment group reveals relatively compactly arranged collgen bundles with the mature collagen fibers on the 10th day. The epidermis and dennis of the laser and TDP group are repaired normally and the hair follicles are well regenerated on the 17th day. The mild edema and the granulation tissue is observed in the dermis of the control groups and the delayed treatment process is observed on the 17th day. The Most of proliferated collagen fibrils are found to be compact and regular in electron micrograph of burn skin of the laser treatment group on the 10th day hut the interstitial eadema and some inflammatory cells are found in the control group. The above results suggest that through the visual and histological examination the epithelized epithelium and the proliferation of the collagen liters in the dermis occur very effectively with the low power laser treatment and the TDP treatment in the incised wound healing and the burn wound healing.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5371-5374
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• 2013

Objective: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging therapeutic procedure suitable for the treatment of cervical cancer. However, the side effects of PDT are severe, including skin ulceration, so we designed an experiment to examine the effects of multiple low-dose photodynamic therapy of 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (Tmpyp4) on tumour growth by utilizing a model in nude mice implanted with Hela cervical cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Female BALB/c nude mice (aged 5-6 weeks, weighing 18-20 g) were used. Hela cervical cancer cells were injected subcutaneously ($1{\times}10^7cells/200{\mu}L$). Ten days after injection, the mice were divided into three groups (n=6), the A group of controls without any treatment, the B group receiving a single-treatment with Tmpyp4 (10 mg/kg, intratumor injection) and irradiation (blue laser, $108J/cm^2$), and the C group given three-treatments with Tmpyp4 (10 mg/kg, intratumor injection) and irradiation at intervals of two days. After starting treatment, tumours were measured every two days, to assess growth. At 2 weeks after the last treatment of C group, tumour tissue and organs were collected from each mouse to evaluate tumor histology and organ damage. Results: Tumour growth in C group was significantly inhibited compared with A and B groups (P<0.05), without any injury to the skin and internal organs. Conclusion: Our novel findings demonstrated that multiple low-dose photodynamic therapy of Tmpyp4 could inhibit cervical cancer growth significantly with no apparent side effects.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 1992

저출력레이저는 인체조직에 biostimulation effects를 가지므로 구강주위에 발생하는 여려가지 질병에 대한 저출력레이저광의 효과에 관하여 많은 연구가 시도되고 있으며 또한 치료에 응용되고 있다. 감염창상에 저출력레이저 조사시 조직치유의 기전이 세균 성장에 의한 조직손상보다 주위 정상조직의 biostimulation effects가 우세하기 때문이라는 가설을 확인하고저 본 연구를 시행하였다. 백서 7마리를 레이저 조사군과 대조군으로 나누어 감염창상의 면적차이를 비교하여 다음고 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 저출력레이저 조사군에서 창상수축율이 현저히 높았다. 2. 부종의 빈도는 저출력레이저 조사시 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 위의 사실로 보아 저출력레이저 조사시 감염창상의 치유촉진은 주위 정상조직의 biostimulation effect가 세균증식에 의한 조직의 손상보다 우세하기 때문이라는 가설을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2016

Purpose: Gingival whitening is one of dental treatment purposes which is close to treating aesthetic disorders. Initial gingival whitening treatment was done by dermabrasion using a high power Diode Laser. However, this treatment method cannot be free from any infection or pain after the treatment. Therefore, we have decided to progress gingival whitening treatment using a low power LED laser. Materials and Methods: The laser was irradiated on pork meat then the safety of output power, temperature change and skin denaturalization was measured. Bison 365 nm LED laser was irradiated on oral mucosal pigment of a 15 - 20 kg beagle for 15 min for 1 - 2 weeks, one or two times each. Any pigment loss was checked through Hematoxyline-Eosin staining. Results: The melanin pigments at the area of 365 nm LED Laser irradiation were decreased. Conclusion: The 365 nm LED Laser proposed in this study is considered to compensate the bleaching effect achieved by either using Diode laser or surgical methods.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.35-47
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the Oriental medical treatment using He-Ne laser with low energy intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood(ILIB) through the superficial venules. Methods : The investigation of details connected with the superficial venules in the literature is performed. The investigation of details connected with the pricking blood techniques through the superficial venules in the literature is performed. The classification of the pricking blood techniques through the superficial venules by the blood-letting puncture methods in the literature is performed. The arrangement of domestic clinical treatises on the effectiveness of medical treatment using He-Ne laser with low energy ILIB through the superficial venules is performed. The consideration on the methodology for the improvement of the clinical effectiveness of He-Ne laser with low energy ILIB through superficial venules is performed. Results and Conclusions : The superficial venules are small arteries, veins and capillaries in the superficial region of the human body. In the pricking blood techniques, there are the blood-letting puncture using the implement of acupuncture to the Jing points, Extra points and superficial blood vessels and the acupuncture using the Hirudo. The methods of the blood-letting puncture are classified into the venous blood-letting puncture, the pricking , the picking out white fiber-like substances from the subcutaneous tissue, the cluster needling, the scattered needling, the blood-letting puncture of the tready collateral branch of the large channel and the blood-letting puncture of skin. The He-Ne laser with low energy ILIB through the superficial venules belongs to the Oriental medical treatment as the method of the blood-letting puncture in the vein of cubital fossa. The He-Ne laser with low energy ILIB has an effect on hyperfibrinogenemia, hyperlipidemia, speech and motor dysfunction in the case of cerebral infarction, headache, dizziness, pain and numbness. It is considered that fundamental research on the biological change of the human body, the experimental animal and the unicellular animal, and research on the effectiveness and the safety, and the development of He-Ne laser with low energy ILIB of an effective wavelength range are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.125-142
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of neuronal activities for the acupuncture and laser acupuncture application. Methods: The subject were divided into 7 groups as control group without acupuncture, acupuncture treatment with tonify manipulation with the direction of channel at HT9, LR1(AT-A), acupuncture treatment with purge manipulation against the direction of channel at HT3, Kl10(AT-B), acupuncture treatment with tonify manipulation with the direction of channel at HT9, LR1 and purge manipulation against the direction of channel at HT3, KI10(AT-C), laser acupuncture treatment with red light 658 nm at HT9, LR1(LAT-A), laser acupuncture treatment with green light 532 nm at HT3, KI10(LAT-B), laser acupuncture treatment with red light 658 nm at HT9, LR1 and green light 532 nm at HT3, KI10(LAT-B). Antiapopotic effect of acupuncture was observed by Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C. Neuroprotective effect of acupuncture was observed by cresyl violet and ChAT. Results: AT-A, AT-B, AT-C, LAT-A, LAT-B and LAT-C groups were significantly increased comparing the control groups in expression ChAT and in neuroprotective effect by cresyl violet. AT-A, AT-B, AT-C, LAT-A, LAT-B and LAT-C groups were significantly decreased comparing the control groups in expression Bax. AT-C, LAT-A, LAT-B and LAT-C groups were significantly increased comparing the control groups in expression Bcl-2. AT-A, AT-B, AT-C, LAT-A, LAT-B and LAT-C groups were significantly decreased comparing the control groups in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. LAT-B and LAT-C groups were significantly decreased comparing the control groups in expression cytochrome C. Conclusions: The acupuncture with tonify and purge manipulation and laser acupuncture with red and green light could be effective for antiapopotic and neuroprotective effect in focal brain ischemia.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 1991

Pentoxifylline (PENTO) has been known to improve RBC fluidity, and thus improve the flux of RBC through narrow capillaries. Additionally, PENTO also decreases the $O_2$ affinity of hemoglobin by increasing 2,3-DPG levels, thereby increasing the $O_2$ release from RBC. Nicotinamide (NA) has been reported to decrease the number of acutely hypoxic cells in tumors by temporarily increasing tumor blood flow. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether the combination of PENTO and NA (PENTO+NA) would reduce the radioresistance of the Fsall murine fibrosarcoma by oxygenating the hypoxic cells. We obsewed a significantly enhanced radiation-induced growth delay of the FSaII tumors by PENTO+NA. Thus the enhancement ratio was between 2.5 and 2.8 in growth delay assay. The $TCD_{50}$ of control tumors was about 57 Gy, but that of PENTO+NA treated tumors was about 32Gy. Thus $TCD_{50}$ was modified by a factor of 1.8. We also observed that PENTO+NA exerted no effect on the radiation-induced skin damage after the legs without bearing tumors were exposed to X-irradiation. In order to clarify radiosensitizing effects of PENTO+ NA, changes in tumor blood flow and intratumor pOf were measured using laser Doppler flowmetry and $O_2$ microelectrode methods. The tumor blood flow significantly increased at 10 min. after injection of PENTO+ NA. Furthermore, we also found that PENTO+ NA significantly increased intratumor $pO_2$ from 8 to 19 mmHg. We concluded that PENTO+MA was far more effective than NA alone or PENTO alone. The increase in the response of tumors in vivo to X-irradiation appeared to be due mainly to an increase in the tumor oxygenation. Further studies using various concentrations of PENTO alone and in combination with NA to obtain better sequencing and maximal radiosensitization are warranted.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.299-304
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• 2021

This study focuses on the preparation of acetaminophen (AP) imprinted functional biomaterials for a transdermal drug delivery using mung bean starch (MBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium benzoate (S) as a crosslinking agent, glycerol (GL) as a plasticizer, and melanin (MEL) as a photothermal agent. The prepared AP imprinted biomaterials were characterized using FE-SEM and their physical properties were evaluated. The photothermal effect and AP release property for functional biomaterials were examined with the irradiation of near infrared (NIR) laser (1.5 W/cm²). When the NIR laser was irradiated on functional biomaterials with/without the addition of MEL, the temperature of MEL added biomaterial increased from 25 ℃ to 41 ℃, whereas the biomaterial without MEL increased from 25 ℃ to 28 ℃. Results indicate that there is the photothermal effect of prepared biomaterial with the addition of MEL. Based on the results, AP release properties were evaluated using standard buffer solutions and artificial skin. It was found that AP release rates of MEL added AP loaded biomaterials were 1.2 times faster than those of MEL non-added AP loaded biomaterials when irradiating with NIR laser. We envision that the developed functional biomaterials can be utilized for an acute pain-killing treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.250-261
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• 2021

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I) consists of disorders caused by spontaneous pain or induced by some stimulus. The objective was to verify the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) using 830 nm wavelength light at the affected paw and involved spinal cord segments during the warm or acute phase. Methods: Fifty-six mice were randomized into seven groups. Group (G) 1 was the placebo group; G2 and G3 were treated with PBM on the paw in the warm and acute phase, respectively; G4 and G5 treated with PBM on involved spinal cord segments in the warm and acute phase, respectively; G6 and G7 treated with PBM on paw and involved spinal cord segments in the warm and acute phase, respectively. Edema degree, thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, skin temperature, and functional quality of gait (Sciatic Static Index [SSI] and Sciatic Functional Index [SFI]) were evaluated. Results: Edema was lower in G3 and G7, and these were the only groups to return to baseline values at the end of treatment. For thermal hyperalgesia only G3 and G5 returned to baseline values. Regarding mechanical hyperalgesia, the groups did not show significant differences. Thermography showed increased temperature in all groups on the seventh day. In SSI and SFI assessment, G3 and G7 showed lower values when compared to G1, respectively. Conclusions: PBM irradiation in the acute phase and in the affected paw showed better results in reducing edema, thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, and in improving gait quality, demonstrating efficacy in treatment of CRPS-I symptoms.