• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.8-14
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• 2007

The Beijing Olympic Forest Park lies at the north end of the 2008 Olympic Plan, "Axis to Nature," and terminates the Olympic axis with a model ecosystem and scenic vistas. The park is a combination of urban green lung, ecological buffer, traditional Chinese park, Olympic park, native forest, and urban retreat. Chinese traditional park concepts, modern landscape architecture, and ecological techniques are merged into one project for the 29th Olympic Games and the citizens of Beijing.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2012

We need to analyze the ecological characteristics in the basin of agricultural reservoir that include urbanized area, agricultural area and fringe area, etc. The purpose of this study is not only that presenting the methods of basin ecosystem management but also suggesting ecosystem management plan proposals for the water quality based on analysis of ecological characteristics. As the results of analysis, the urbanized area(the ratio of area(ROA): 14.0%) is most likely to possibility of water pollution, then followed by paddy fields(ROA: 65.5%) where a wide spread up-basin(or up-stream), farmlands(ROA: 11.3%), farm buildings(ROA: 5.7%) and orchard(ROA: 3.9%). According to those, we investigated the impact degree of water pollutants. Thus, we were able to classify 5 types through considering the biotope assessment and the hydrosphere basin assessment, i.e. the level of priority control for source pollution. As a result, the source pollution intensive management area(11.3%) where are adjacent waterfront has caused water pollution, however, most importantly, it is necessary to control in source pollution management area(0.6%) that are away from waterfront. In conclusion, according to the these results, the plan of basin ecosystem management for the water quality should be included the plan of ecosystem conservation and restoration such as improving inhabitants function, controling environmentally sound basin management, promoting biodiversity.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2015

A dramatic decline in the abundance of the scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) has been observed across most of its geographic range. In order to evaluate the influence of land cover patterns and their changes on scaled quail abundance, we examined landscape patterns and their changes from the 1970s to the1990s in two large ecoregions with contrasting population trends: (1) the Rolling Plains ecoregion with a significantly decreased scaled quail population and (2) the South Texas Plains ecoregion with a relatively stable scaled quail population. The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) and the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Land Use/Land Cover data were used to quantify landscape patterns and their changes based on 80 randomly located $20{\times}20km^2$ windows in each of the ecoregions. We found that landscapes in the Rolling Plains and the South Texas Plains were considerably different in composition and spatial characteristics related to scaled quail habitats. The landscapes in the South Texas Plains had significantly more shrubland and less grassland-herbaceous rangeland; and except for shrublands, they were more fragmented, with greater interspersion among land cover classes. Correlation analysis between the landscape metrics and the quail-abundance-survey data showed that shrublands appeared to be more important for scaled quail in the South Texas Plains, while grassland-herbaceous rangelands and pasture-croplands were essential to scaled quail habitats in the Rolling Plains. The decrease in the amount of grassland-herbaceous rangeland and spatial aggregation of pasture-croplands has likely contributed to the population decline of scaled quails in the Rolling Plains ecoregion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.60-75
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to evaluate five types of eco-village planning in order to introduce a landscape unit concept and theory in Korea. Although they had different backgrounds and motives of eco-villages planning, their common goal is to always maintain ecological planning and design in their villages. As concrete methods of ecological planning, we suggest three fundamental planning theories. 1. The boundary of a plan unit should be a watershed. 2. The survey and analysis of village ecotopes should be done in that defined watershed. 3. These results should be applied in the site and lot planning of eco-villages. These 3 steps should be done in a process and relevantly. In the evaluation of the five eco-village planning types, we found three results. 1. On a viewpoint of watershed, most planners recognized a watershed in survey and planning stages unconsciously. But they did not mention watersheds concretely and did not use this concept in the planning stage. 2. They did not define the concept of ecotope, but most planners recognized land-uses and vegetations of villages and vicinities as ecotopes. Also these could be proper ecotopes, but they did not use these compartment of ecotopes in the planning of ecosystem structure in villages. In addition, they did not deeply survey and analyze the ecotopes of villages and its vicinity. 3. On the viewpoint of sites and lots planning, they did not relevantly use the characteristics of watersheds and ecotopes in sites and lots planning. Therefore, they failed to implement the indigenous lots and subdivisions plan. In the size of lots and sites, they did not seriously consider the carrying capacity of ecosystem. We hope that our suggestion about the establishment of eco-villages planning is a fundamental theoretical framework of ecological planning in future eco-village planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2 s.109
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• pp.16-31
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• 2005

This study was carried out to design a bridge-type ecological corridor plan in a forested neighborhood park affected by road construction in Dongjak-gu, Seoul. In order to study the site conditions, we analyzed topography, ecosystem structure, and user behavior and trail use. Existing vegetation was classified into 12 types. Based on a vegetation analysis, the Populus albaglandulosa and Robinia pseudoacacia communities, where planted species are dominant, were distributed extensively in the southern forest area. Planted areas with a single-layer structure of Korean landscape woody plants and Robinia pseudoacacia communities with a single-layer structure were distributed extensively in the northern forest and water-supply area. Based on a study of 28 quadrats, the similarity index between the multi-layer plant communities distributed in the southern forest and the single-layer planted areas was low. Twenty-four species of wild birds(355 individuals) were found in the survey area, including nine interior species and three urban species. The study of user behavior and numbers showed most users were walkers and few users were observed in the southern forest while most users were observed in the northern forest and water supply area. We selected some wild birds as model species to represent migrating species believed to use this park as an ecological corridor during migration. We suggested the new park plan include the following: improvement of vegetation structure for wildbird migration and habitat, connection of park trails for users and presentation of a landscape linked to nature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.43-61
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• 2017

The wetlands are facing environmental changes such as desiccation that occurs with the passage of time and reduced ecosystem services from wetlands in the city. In order to maintain the ecosystem services provided by wetlands in urban areas, a system thinking about the trade-off phenomenon of ecosystem services occurring as the wetlands undergo environmental changes is needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop strategies for wetland design using system thinking approach to enhance the resilience of ecosystem services degraded by the desiccation of wetlands and other disturbances. The objectives of this study include the system boundary and variables. Second, analyzing the dynamics of wetland design strategy. Third, it analyzes the trade-off phenomenon of ecosystem services in terms of the hydrology, hydric soil, and plants strategies to mitigate these effects. Fourth, wetland basic design to improve the resilience of ecosystem services. A wetland in Abuk-Mountain Neighborhood Park, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, has been selected as a case study. Causal loop diagrams(CLDs) are used to analyze feedback in the wetland regime. In summary, hydrology, hydric soil, and plants is suggested as system boundaries to design plan. Design strategies for the wetland focused on robustness, redundancy, rapidity, and resourcefulness as a result of CLD analysis are first proposed in order to effectively maintain the wetland regime over the long term. Secondly, in a section related to hydrology, the CLD results show the trade-offs between provisioning-cultural services and regulating services. In order to control these services, a "water cycling system" has been implemented due to its strength in terms of robustness. The CLDs for hydric soil showed the trade-offs between regulating services and supporting services. An "installation of storm drainage for maintaining water levels" was selected due to the strength offered in terms of redundancy and rapidity. The CLDs for plants showed the trade-offs between provisioning - cultural services and regulating services. In order to control the strategic points, the "planting of indigenous vegetation" was suggested given the strength in terms of redundancy. In this study, a wetland design method is proposed that can improve the resilience of wetland ecosystem services by analyzing the dynamics overtime. The results of this research can theoretically be applied to help restore ecosystem services in wetlands using ecological landscape design. In addition, this study will contribute to reducing maintenance costs by improving wetland resilience.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 2021

Street trees improve the cityscape and air quality, reduce heat islands, and create wildlife habitats. Hence, they are essential parts of a city's green infrastructure. Therefore, several trees that are well adapted to the urban environment were planted. However, this caused the problem of simple trees being planted around the world. This study is to select more various street trees. To accomplish this, evaluation criteria and detailed indexes were created. The importance was indicated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. For commercial roads, the priority of landscape characteristics is 0.2640, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1245. For work roads, the priority of landscape characteristics is 0.2496, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1177. For work roads, the priority of characteristics of civil service is 0.2250, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1177. For general roads, the priority of maintenance characteristics is 0.2479, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1062. For historical and cultural roads, the priority of regional characteristics is 0.3488, and among detailed indicators, the priority of regional characteristics is 0.1643. For ecological roads, the priority of ecosystem characteristics is 0.3488, and among detailed indicators, the priority of the diversity of species is 0.1643. For automotive-only roads, the priority of the ecosystem characteristics is 0.4639, and among detailed indicators, the priority of reducing emissions is 0.1643. This study will provide objective criteria for the selection of street trees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

Urban problems are constantly occurring around the world due to rapid industrialization and population decline. In particular, as the number of vacant houses is gradually increasing as the population decreases, it is necessary to prepare countermeasures. A plan to utilize vacant houses has emerged to restore the natural environment of the urban ecosystem where forest destruction, damage to habitats of wild animals and plants, and disconnection have occurred due to large-scale development. Through connectivity analysis, it is possible to understand the overall ecosystem flow based on the movement of species and predict the effect when vacant houses are converted into green spaces. Therefore, this study analyzed the green area network to confirm the possibility of greening of vacant houses neglected in Jeonju based on circuit theory. Using Circuitscape and Least-cost path, we tried to identify the connectivity of green areas and propose an ecological axis based on the analysis. In order to apply the resistance values required for analysis based on previous studies, the 2020 subdivision land cover data were integrated into the major classification evaluation items. When the eight forests in the target site were analyzed as the standard, the overall connectivity and connectivity between forests in the area were high, so it is judged that the existing green areas can perform various functions, such as species movement and provision of habitats. Based on the results of the connectivity analysis, the importance of vacant houses was calculated and the top 20 vacant houses were identified, and it was confirmed that the higher the ranking, the more positive the degree of landscape connectivity was when converted to green areas. In addition, it was confirmed that the results of analyzing the least-cost path based on the resistance values such as connectivity analysis and the existing conceptual map showed some differences when comparing the ecological axes in the form. As a result of checking the vacant houses corresponding to the relevant axis based on the width standards of the main and sub-green areas, a total of 30 vacant houses were included in the 200m width and 6 vacant houses in the 80m width. It is judged that the conversion of vacant houses to green space can contribute to biodiversity conservation as well as connectivity between habitats of species as it is coupled with improved green space connectivity. In addition, it is expected to help solve the problem of vacant houses in the future by showing the possibility of using vacant houses.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2016.09a
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• pp.41-43
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• 2016

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2008

The wetlands have functions those were retention of diverse biota, purification of water quality, control of climate and flood, eco-tourism and supply of agricultural water, and that was the ecosystem of high biodiversity as the zone of transition between inland and water. Therefore, this study showed the conservation and management plan by analyzing in the abiotic and biotic environment of forest swamp, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The results were as follows. Examining the management plan of the abiotic environment, there will need to establish the hydrological plan in continuous expediting the supply of water to maintain a humid soil of swamp, and to try to find the organic farming, use of low toxic agrichemicals and so on to prevent occurring a non-point source pollutants. To prevent changing the flowing of ground water and inflow of earth and sand in modifying the land character, there will be needed to restrict the construction of farmland and slope around swamp. To manage the biotic environment, there needed to offer the habitat by removing the regular interval and individual of a dead tree, and to improve the growth environment of vegetation. Because the naturalized plants disturb the natural vegetation, they will be removed. The afforested trees like Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha truticosa will be renewed to prevent the heterogeneity of landscape ecology, and the active conservation plan on wetland species will be established. As this study was carried out to study on the partial swamp, Gyeongsanbuk-do, the ecological environments distributing a swamp in Korea show a some problem. In the future, the study will accomplish to study the accurately and objectively ecological environment and management of a swamp by analyzing the extensive sites.