• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1698-1702
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• 2004

The effects of glucono delta-lactone on the Quality of cooked rice were investigated. Cooked rice was prepared with the addition of acetic acid (AA) and glucono delta-lactone (GDL). Microbial population and textural properties were determinated during the storage periods at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The addition of AA and GDL above 0.1% was effective in the inhibition of bacterial growth for 72 hrs at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Lightness increased by addition of AA and GDL, but yellowness decreased. Hardness was significantly increased by adding AA and GDL, and also stickiness decreased by adding AA. Whereas, stickiness of cooked rice adding GDL increased significantly as the content of GDL increased. The present results confirmed that GDL was a useful food additive to extend the shelf-life and improve the Quality of cooked rice.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.472-477
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• 2018

Pravastatin sodium is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia by reducing cholesterol biosynthesis. Pharmaceutical excipients of commonly used including water, diluents, stabilizers, disintegrants, lubricants and colorants, and were identified for compatibility. All tests were performed by means of physical mixture of pravastatin and the excipients, which were placed in a press-through-pack (PTP) and incubated under accelerated conditions ($40^{\circ}C$ and 75% relative humidity) for 3 months. The blends of pravastatin with all excipients developed white, off white, and light brown powders, which showed no changes upon visual analysis. Accelerated conditions changed the degradation profile of pravastatin calcium in the HPLC system when mixed with different excipients. Although most excipients can have minor effects on pravastatin stability, the major degradation product from pravastatin was lactone. Low-level interaction (assay and impurity) was induced by all excipients except for microcrystalline cellulose and croscarmellose sodium. These excipients increased lactone impurity in 3 months by as much as 0.22% and 0.18% respectively. The total mixture slightly increased the lactone impurity (by 0.43% in 3 months) of pravastatin. There was no change in the assays of all excipients. These results will be helpful in studying tablet size reductions for convenience of use.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1135-1142
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• 2003

The purification and characteristics of the biosynthesis enzyme of vitamin C from microorganisms related with kimchi fermentation were investigated to define vitamin C biosynthetic pathways in yeast. A yeast strain (Pichia onychis 16-4) which synthesizes vitamin C with galacturonic acid as substrate at high rate was isolated from kimchi. The enzyme $L-galactono-{\gamma}-lactone$ oxidase isolated from the yeast was purified and characterized. The specific activity of the crude enzyme was 7.26 unit/mg protein, which increased to 4,698 unit/mg protein with a chromatography of Sephacryl S-200HR; indicating a 647.1-fold level of purification. The molecular weights of the dissociated enzymes were estimated to be 31,000, 39,000, and 50,000 KD. Among the substrates tested, $L-galactono-{\gamma}-lactone$ was the most effective. The enzyme showed optimum activity ah pH 7.8 and 35c. The purified enzyme uses $O_2$ as the electron acceptor for oxidation of $L-galactono-{\gamma}-lactone$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1983

From the stem bark of Albizzia julibrissin (Leguminosae) two known sapogenins, acacigenin B, and machaerinic acid lactone, were isolated and identified by chemical and spectral data. It is the second time that the former was isolate dform the plant sources.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 1979

Five kinds of soybean curd were propared with five coagulants, such as, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, glucono delta lactone and acetic acid. The products were evaluated by the sensory and objective examination. Optimal concentrations of each coagulant were determined. Soybean curd preparation was also standardized. The textural characteristics of the five soybean curds which were made by the standard recipe were measured by a Texturometer and a Penetrometer. The results were as follows : 1. From the proliminary study, the optimal concentration of coagulants for the soybean curd preparation, as determined by the sensory evaluation was 1.84% of calcium sulfute, 1.05% of calcium chloride. 1.84% of calcium sulfute, 1.05% of calcium chloride. 1.84% of magnesium chloride, 1.97% of glucono delta lactone and 0.48% 11of acetic acid. 2. As the result of the sensory evaluation, the most acceptable soybean curd was determined to be one with acetic acid. Next, in order of accetability , were magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, glucono delta lactone, calcium sulfate soybean curds and commerical soybean curd. 3. Through the objective examination of the five soybean curds by a Texturometer and a Penetrometer, it was found out that, calcium sulfate soybean curd was the hardest and the hardness decreased in order of glucono delta lactone, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and acetic acid soybean curd. Acetic acid soybean curd, the most acceptable , was 0.47 TU ; and calcium sulfate soybean curd, the least acceptable, was 1.73 TU.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.4 s.139
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• pp.315-319
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• 2004

Three coumarin derivatives, which stimulate collagen biosynthesis in human fibroblasts were isolated from Angelica dahurica root which has been used in traditional medicine for cold, headache, discharging blood and women's diseases. Three coumarin derivatives were identified as 5-benzofuranacrylic acid, $6,7-dihydroxy-4-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-{\delta}-lactone\;(prangenidin)$, 5-benzofuranacrylic acid, $6,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-{\delta}-lactone\;(8-hydroxybergapten)$ and 5-benzofuranacrylic acid, 8-hydroxypsoralen(xanthotoxol) from their spectral data.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2008

Dehydrocostus lactone (DHL) and Mokko lactone (ML) were isolated from Saussureae Radix, and their effects on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and hepatoprotection in the liver cell line HepG2 were investigated. DHL induced HO-1 expression and HO activity in a dose-dependent manner, whereas ML lacking one double bond property at 11 and 13 carbons on its own chemical structure had no apparent effects. DHL also induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhanced antioxidant response element (ARE) activation which mediated HO-1 gene transcription. Pretreatment with DHL protected HepG2 cells against oxidative damages caused by H2O2. Interestingly, the hepatoprotective effects of DHL appeared to be associated with HO enzymatic activation, HO-1 expression and Nrf2 activation, because blockage of HO activity by a HO inhibitor and inhibition of HO-1 and Nrf2 cellular synthesis by small interfering RNA abolished heptoprotection afforded by DHL. Taken together, this investigation provides evidence supporting that Saussureae Radix is hepatoprotective against oxidative stress that causes abnormal liver damages.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2019

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the families of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs stimulate TLRs to initiate specific immunoactivity. The activation of TLRs signaling leads to the expression of pro-inflammatory gene products such as cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). To evaluate the therapeutic potential of dehydrocostus lactone (DHL), which is a natural sesquiterpene lactone derived from various medicinal plants, iNOS expression induced by LPS (TLR4 agonist), MALP-2 (TLR2 and TLR6 agonist), or Poly[I:C] (TLR3 agonist) were examined. DHL suppressed the iNOS expression induced by LPS, MALP-2, or Poly[I:C]. DHL also inhibited nitrite production induced by LPS, MALP-2, or Poly[I:C]. These results suggest that DHL can modulate TLRs signaling pathways resulting in anti-inflammatory effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.176-176
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• 1998

An enhanced formation of nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of hypotention, peripheral vasodilation and vascular hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictor agents in endotoxaemia. And tumor necrosis factor (TNF${\alpha}$), as a primary mediator of circulatory shock has been known to induce inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), leading to excessive production of NO. We isolated two sesquiterpene lactone compounds from Saussurea lappa and their structures were elucidated as dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide. These compounds inhibit the production of both NO and TNF${\alpha}$ by LPS (1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$)-activated Raw 264.7 cells. NO was measured spectropho-tometrically as nitrite by the Griess reagent and TNF${\alpha}$ by ELISA. Dehydrocostus lactone (IC$\sub$50/ : 3.0 ${\mu}$M) and costunolide (IC$\sub$50/ : 4.5 ${\mu}$M) inhibited the production of NO in LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. These compounds also decreased the TNF${\alpha}$ levels in LPS-activated system in vitro and in vivo.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

In the present study, three morpholine substituted crystal violet lactone (CVL) have been synthesized to monitor the thermochromic property. This work is explaining the role of substituent on the lactone ring. The methyl substituents induced greater chromic effects than the chloro substituents. Furthermore, the three-component mixtures that contained CVL, bisphenol-A, and methyl stearate were used to analyse the thermochromic effect of the CVLs as bulk samples with various temperature. The thermochromic properties of the CVLs were evaluated using solid-state UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. Finally, one of the synthesized CVL has been successfully converted into the form of a test paper similar to pH paper for use as thermal indicators.