• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 1991

The longitudinal changes on human milk volume per day and lactational performance of Korean primiparae(n=9) and multiparae(n=6) from 0.5 month to 5 months after parturition have been studied by test-weighing method. The human milk volume per day tended to increase during lactation. The mean volume to the 3rd month of lactation was 643m1 for primiparae and 654m1 for multiparae, and it was 647 $\pm$ 182m1 for both of them. The mean volume to the 5th month of lactation was 648m1 for primiparae and 668m1 for multiparae, and it was 658$\pm$186$m\ell$ for both of them. The peak volume was observed at the 1st month of lactation in 8 women of 15 lactating women, that is, 53.3% . The high distributions of the individual mean volume to the 5th month were found 550~650$m\ell$(40.0% ) and 650~750$m\ell$(26.7% ). and 13 women of 15 lactating women(86.6% ) were observed below 750m1. The number of feeding per day was 7.7~9.3 to the 5th month and the mean volume per feeding was 65~101$m\ell$. While the former tended to decreased, the latter increased during lactation. The human milk volume was correlated with the peak volume. but not with maternal age. weight before delivery. maternal height and birth weight. As mentioned above, the human milk volume of Koreans was about 658$\pm$ 186$m\ell$ and 86.6% of it was below 750$m\ell$. So the human milk volume, referred to as 800$m\ell$ in recommended dietary allowances for Koreans might be estimated over real amount. It is necessary to study according to regions. socioeconomic levels. maternal nutritional status and the early stage of lactation.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 1998

In order to improve health and nutrition management of Korean women, a new strategy to develop an information system on the internet to provide the Information on health and nutrition management for women during the life cycle was suggested. To achieve the goal, an adequate database protocol for korean women as well as health and nutrition management information system based on our culture and lifestyle should be developed. We suggest to categorize the information on health and nutrition management of Korean women according to the lifecycle as follows : 1) Health and nutrition management of adolescent women 2) Health and nutrition management of women in the marritable age 3) Health and nutrition management of pregnant women 4) Health and nutrition management of delivering women 5) Health and nutrition management of lactating women 6) Health and nutrition management of menopausing women 7) Prevention of women diseases 8) Stress management of women This system including women health and nutrition management information database provides health and nutrition management Information on the network so that anyone can use the information at any time. To constuct the system, it is necessary. 1. to identify information need for health and nutrition management of Korean women. 2. to provide the guideline of information system for women health and nutrition management. 3. to construct Information system for women health and nutrition management.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1990

한국인 수유부의 분만 후 0.5개월부터 1,2,3,4,5개월째의 6단계로 나누어 16명의 동일인을 대상으로 모유의 무기질 함량을 초산부와 경산부로 나누어 측정한 결과 모유 100ml중 회분함량은 초산부 0.22g, 경산부 0.22g이며, 칼슘 함량은 초산부 27.36mg,경산부 27.11mg, 인 함량은 초산부 14.94mg 경산부가 14.25mg, 마그네슘 함량은 초산부2.92mg, 경산부 2.54mg이었으며 회분, 칼슘, 인, 마그네슘 함량 모두 초산부와 경산부 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 수유기간이 경과함에 따라 칼슘, 인, 마그네슘 함량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001)반면에 마그네슘 함량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 모유의 Ca/P의 비율은 초산부 1.86:1, 경산부가 1.92:1, t식이의 Ca/P의 비율은 0.50:1이었다. 수유부의 섭취식이와 모유의 Ca, P과의 상관성은 없었다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2020

본 연구는 건강신념모형을 적용하여 세네갈 수유 여성의 개인위생에 대한 지식과 태도가 개인위생 실천에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 시도되었으며, 2017년 12월 2일부터 8일까지 세네갈 다카르 주에 거주 중인 15~35세 사이의 수유 여성 217명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 사용하여 자료수집 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0 프로그램과 AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 통해 실수, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Path analysis를 사용하였다. 경로분석 결과, 개인위생 실천에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 개인위생에 대한 지식, 지각된 감수성, 지각된 심각성, 지각된 위협, 지각된 이익, 지각된 장애로 나타났으며, 총 87.7%의 설명력을 나타냈다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1994

The changes of vitamin A contents of transitional (7th day postpartum) and mature (60th day postpartum) milk were comparatively studied from 20 Korean lactating women to provide the basic information for recommended dietary allowances. The mean retinol contents($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) of transitional milk in primiparae and multiiparae were 79.71 (${\pm}$50.61) and 73.43(${\pm}$31.02) and those of mature milk in primiparae and multiparae were 44.73(${\pm}$19.03) and 38.25(${\pm}$17.63) respectively. The mean ${\beta}$-carotene contents ($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) of transitional milk in primiparae and multiparae were 10.44(${\pm}$7.43) and 14.15(${\pm}$11.81) and those of mature milk in primiparae and multiparae were 4.97(${\pm}$2.22) and 5.36(${\pm}$4.23) respectively. The total content of vitamin A($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) in transitional milk was 81.44(${\pm}$ 51.47) in primiparae and 75.79(${\pm}$31.99) in multiparae, and those of mature milk in primiparae and multiparae were 45.56(${\pm}$19.12) and 39.14(${\pm}$17.73) respectively. The vitamin A content decreased with increase of lactation period. The mean content of vitamin A between primiparae and multiparae during lactation was not significantly different (p>0.05) However, there was a significant difference in the total vitamin A contents according to lactation period. The average content($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) of retinol in lactating mothers delivered boys and girls were 74.45 (${\pm}$43.84) and 78.96(${\pm}$35.98) in transitional milk, 40.27(${\pm}$16.61) and 42.51(${\pm}$21.22) in mature milk, respectively. However, no significant difference was found between retinol contents contentscontentsin lactating mothers delivered boys and girls. The average contents($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) of ${\beta}$-carotene in lactating mothers delivered boys and girls were 11.34(${\pm}$4.27) in mature milk. The contents($\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$) of total vitamin A was significantly different (p<0.05) between transitional and mature milk the difference of total vitamin A content between lactating mothers delivered boys and girls. and primiparae and multiparae was not significant(p>0.05) As a result the contents of vitamin A, retinol and ${\beta}$-carotene in transitional and mature milk decreased according to the increase of lactation period.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.872-879
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• 1995

The changes of selenium and zine contents of transitional milk and mature milk at 7 and 60 days postpartum were comparatively studied on 20 Korean lactating women. the selenium and zinc contents of transitional milk and mature milk were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer after wet-digestion. The mean selenium contents wer 12.2$\mu\textrm{g}$ /ι and 11.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ι at 7 and 60 days postpartum, respectively. The mean zinc contents decreased significantly from 4.23mg/ι at 7 days to 1.62mg/ι at 60 days postpartum (p<0.05).

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.516-527
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate belief and attitudes on breastfeeding of physicians and nurses. A questionnaire was mailed to obstetricians, pediatricians and nurses at the department of pediatrics or obstetrics of university hospital and private hospital in Seoul and Choong-Chung Province) in South Korea. Total numbers of study subjects were 346 (pediatrician 67, obstetrician 41, nurse 238). The results were as follows : 1. The main reasons not to educate breast feeding in the hospitals were a lack of interest of the health professionals, a lack of educators and education programs. 2. The respondents thought that the best ways for lactating mother to get advices about breastfeeding during the first month were to give a call to health professionals in the hospitals where she had been delivered, or call to relatives or friends. 3. Breastfeeding attitudes of physicians and nurses did not differ according to gender, job, or type of the hospitals they work. 4. Breastfeeding attitudes were related with personal breastfeeding experience, breastfeeding knowledge, extracurricular education experience, encouragement experience. Physicians and nurses should give appropriate advices and support to lactating mothers to increase breastfeeding rate. They were, however, ill-prepared to counsel breastfeeding mothers. Therefore, it is necessary to instruct breastfeeding in the curriculum of the medical and nursing schools, and incorporate clinically based breastfeeding training into continuing education workshops. Improved breastfeeding education is a critical step in ensuring that health professionals are adequately prepared for this important role.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.192-198
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of fish oil supplementation with low does on the lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of plasma and the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipid and erythrocyte of infants. Among 18 breast-fed infants, 6 were in control group and 12 were in fish oil groups. The subjects in fish oil groups were nursed by their mothers who supplemented with fish oil 1.96g/d or 3.92g/d, respectively for 2 weeks from 10 to 12 weeks postpartum. The nursing mothers consumed their usual diets at home. Blood samples were collected at the final day of experiment. There were no significant changes in daily intakes of total lipid, triglyceride, free fatty acid, phospholipid and cholesterol of infants by fish oil supplementation. However, the content of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)increased and that of ARA (arachidonic acid) decreaed significantly in plasma PC(phophatidylchline). And also, there were tendencies to increase triglyceride concentration and to decrease cholesterol and phopholipid concentrations of plasma. As the above results, atherogenic index (AI) showed a tendency to decrease, but not significant. DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA contents in plasma PC and PE (phosphatidylethanolamin) as well as those of erythrocyte tended to increase. In these results, we concluded that fish oil supplementation with low dose to lactating women does not obviously affect of the plasma lipid concentrations and fatty acid composition of plasma PC and PE as well as erythrocyte. However the increase of EPA content of plasma PC and the tendency to increase DHA and EPA contents of plasma as well as erythrocyte membrane indicate that there may be some beneficial effect on infant lipid metabolism of fish oil intake of nutsing mother were increased.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.818-828
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate actual conditions and needs on breastfeeding education for pregnant women in health centers for the development of a breastfeeding educational program. The questionnaires were mailed to 245 health centers and 148 (60.4%) questionnaires were returned. 91% of the health centers had breastfeeding education for pregnant women. 66% of them operated breastfeeding education as one part of other health programs. About 76% of supervisors and 64% of educators were the nurses. The teaching methods frequently used were lectures (30.5%), giving out booklets and leaflets (22.6%), demonstration and practice (21.5%), personal counseling (13.3%), and others. The teaching materials used were materials of outside speakers (39.7%), materials of development oneself (19.0%), materials of academic association or institute (14.8%), and others. The subjects which educators taught were the benefits of breastfeeding (16.7%), breastfeeding techniques (15.8%), caring for breasts before and after delivery (15.1%), nutritional management for lactating women (14.2%), coping strategies for the difficult situation of breastfeeding (13.3%), and others. Those were different from each other according to the educators' general characteristics. Success factors of education were increased motivation for breastfeeding (52.8%), practice (22.6%), professional's lecture (11.3%) and others. The failure factors of education were the ineffectiveness of the lecture method (69.2%), lack of education for supporters (15.4%) and lack of standardized education (15.4%). The most important barrier of education was the lack of a standardized breastfeeding educational programs (43.9%). The most effective teaching methods that educators thought were demonstration and practice (24.0%). The educators thought they need the tools and space for practice (28.2%), a standardized breastfeeding educational program (26.9%), and the human resources (24.4%) for effective education. Subjects that educators thought important for education were the breastfeeding techniques, benefits of breastfeeding, caring for breasts before and after delivery, nutritional management for lactating women, coping strategies for the difficult situation of breastfeeding, rooming system after delivery, ways to assess mother's milk quantity, introducing successful cases of breastfeeding in rank order. To promote the effectiveness of breastfeeding education, standardized breastfeeding educational programs, diverse teaching materials, space and tools, and human resources are needed.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2012

본 연구는 1962년 한국인 영양권장량의 제정부터 2010년 한국인 영양섭취기준 개정에 이르기까지 성인과 임신 수유부의 단백질의 섭취권장량 산출방법과 섭취권장량의 변화 추이를 살펴보았다. 1. 성인의 단백질 섭취권장량은 1989년까지 요인가산법을, 그 이후에는 질소균형연구를 활용하여 설정되었다. 요인가산법을 적용하였던 시기는 표준단백질 최소 필요량 또는 불가피 질소손실량을 기본 요인으로 하고 식이단백질의 이용율을 적용하였으며, 질소균형연구를 적용하였던 시기는 질소평형 유지에 필요한 식이단백질의 최소 필요량을 기본 요인으로 하였다. 그리고 개인 차, 스트레스 등의 조정 요인을 반영하여 단백질 섭취권장량을 계산하였다. 단백질 섭취권장량은 남성 50~80g/일, 여성 45~70g/일이었으며, 남성의 섭취권장량이 여성보다 크고, 연령대가 높을수록 섭취권장량은 감소하였다. 2. 임신부의 단백질 부가섭취권장량은 태아의 발육에 기인하는 단백질 축적량을 기본 요인으로 하고 식이단백질 이용율 등의 조정요인을 적용하여 산출하였고, 10~30g/일이었으며, 2010년에는 임신 기간을 3분하여 각각 0, 15, 30g/일을 제시하였다. 3. 수유부의 단백질 부가섭취권장량은 모유로 분비되는 단백질의 양을 기본 요인으로 하고 식이단백질 이용율 등의 조정요인을 적용하여 산출하였고, 20~30g/일이었으며, 시기별 증감 경향은 나타나지 않았다. 앞으로 체중 대신 제지방체중을 적용하는 단백질 섭취권장량의 산출 공식이 마련될 필요성이 있으며, 에너지와 마찬가지로 섭취하는 식이단백질의 조성에 근거한 개인별 섭취권장량의 계산방법 고안을 제언한다. 그리고 수유부의 경우 수유 기간을 구분하여 기간별 단백질 부가섭취권장량의 제정을 제언한다.