• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

Ground seawater in the east area of the volcanic Jeju Island contains abundant minerals. We investigated the metabolic activity of electrodialyzed, desalted ground seawater (EDSW) from Jeju in both cultured cells and animals. The addition of EDSW to the culture medium (up to 20%, v/v) reduced the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and increased MTT activity in CHO-IR cells. EDSW (10%) promoted insulin-induced glucose consumption in L6 muscle cells as well as the activities of the liver ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Moreover, EDSW suppressed palmitate-induced intracellular fat accumulation in human hepatoma $HepG_2$ cells. Activities of AMP-stimulated protein kinase and acetyl CoA carboxylase, enzymes that modulate fat metabolism, were altered by EDSW in $HepG_2$ cells toward the suppression of intracellular lipid accumulation. EDSW also suppressed hepatic fat accumulation induced by a high-fat diet in mice. Taken together, EDSW showed beneficial metabolic effects, including the enhancement of ethanol metabolism and insulin-induced glucose consumption, and the suppression of intrahepatic fat accumulation.

• 약학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2008

The hepatoprotective effects of the water extracts of Hovenia dulcis Thunb (HD) were investigated in vitro. Following the induction of hepatotoxicity by ethanol in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, the protective effects of four different water extracts of HD were determined through serial dose-response and time-dependent studies. The individual extracts used in these studies were prepared from fruits, seeds, leaves and tubes. Treatment of hepatocyte cultures with the water extracts of HD provided a significant protection from the increased lactate dehydrogenase activity induced by ethanol. Particularly, the fruits extract was the most effective against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in the primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. The results demonstrated that the extracts might have the protective effect against ethanol-induced toxicity in hepatocyte cultures.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.365-369
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• 1995

The acute cytotoxicities of chloroquine sulfate, propranolol, ascorbic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and acrylamide on cultured adult rat hepatocytes were evaluated by the use of LDH leakage and NR uptake test. On the basis of $IC_{50}$ values, the rank order of cytotoxicities of these drugs in both tests was chloroquine sulfate > propranolol > acetylsalicylic acid > ascorbic acid. The $IC_{50}$ of LDH test was very similar to that of NR uptake test. Thus, we concluded that both tests are reliable and sensitive methods in detecting toxicity in adult cultured rat hepatocytes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.341-347
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• 1992

In search for new drugs and methods of pharmacotherapy of liver damage , the pollen extracts was administrated to the experimental animals and ivnestigated its biochemical effects in the serum and liver when aromatic hepatotoxicants-phenybutazone, aniline and benzo(a) pyrene-was administered. As the results are the pretretment of azalea pollen was prevented the leakage of asartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransfease(ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bilirubin level to serum and liver, except serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2006

Protective effects of the water extract of Protaetia brevitarsis larva against $CCl_4-induced$ toxicity were investigated in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. The extract used in these studies contained several minerals, fatty acids and amino acids. Treatment of hepatocyte cultures with the extract provided a significant protection from the increased LDH activity induced by $CCl_4$. The results demonstrated that the extract may have the protective effect against $CCl_4-induced$ toxicity in hepatocyte cultures.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.298.1-298.1
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of acanthoic acid on liver injury induced by either tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) or carbon tetrachloride in vitro and in vivo. Acanthoic acid, (-)-pimara-9(11),15-diene-19-oic acid, is a diterpene isolated from the root bark of Acanthopanax koreanum. In in vitro study, the cellular leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with 1.5 mM tBH for 1 j, were significantly inhibited by treatment with acanthoic acid(25 and 5mg/mL). (omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.242-244
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• 1995

In vitro cell culture system has been proposed as a promising alternative model to in vivo skin irritation test. These studies were performed to screen the cytotoxicity effects of surfactants using normal human skin fibroblasts. Cell membrane integrity assessed by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and mitochondrial integrity by MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromides reduction test were affected in a dose dependent manner. The irritation potential of surfactants to human skin patch test, and the changes of capillary permeability by rabbit intradermal safety test were assessed as in vivo methods. Our results suggest that LDH leakage assay and MTT reduction test using cultured human fibroblasts could be predictive for the irritancy of various surfactants in human, and LDH assay is superior correlated with in vivo test (r=0.886) to MTT test with in vivotest (r=0.757).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2017

This study aimed to compare the cellular toxicities of three clinically used dry eye treatments; 3% diquafosol tetrasodium and hyaluronic acid at 0.3 and 0.18%. A methyl thiazolyltetrazoiun (MTT)-based calorimetric assay was used to assess cellular proliferation and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay to assess cytotoxicity, using Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) exposed to 3% diquafosol tetrasodium, 0.3% hyaluronic acid (HA), or 0.18% HA or 1, 6 or 24 h. Cellular morphology was evaluated by inverted phase-contrast light microscopy and electron microscopy, and wound widths were measured 24 h after confluent HCECs were scratched. Diquafosol had a significant, time-dependent, inhibitory effect on HCEC proliferation and cytotoxicity. HCECs treated with diquafosol detached more from the bottoms of dishes and damaged cells showed degenerative changes, such as, reduced numbers of microvilli, vacuole formation, and chromatin of the nuclear remnant condensed along the nuclear periphery. All significantly stimulated reepithelialization of HCECs scratched, which were less observed in diquafosol. Therefore, epithelial toxicity should be considered after long-term usage of diquafosol and in overdose cases, especially in dry eye patients with pre-existing punctated epithelial erosion.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.189-193
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• 1993

흰쥐태 뇌간의 세포를 배양하여 glutamate에 6시간까지 노출시 glutamate의 농도 및 노출 시간에 의존적으로 세포내 5-HT 및 5-HIAA의 함량이 감소하였고, 배양액으로 LDH의 유출이 증가하였다. Tetrodotoxin은 glutamate의 작용을 차단하지 못하였다. NMDA 수용체 통로 봉쇄제인 MK-801에 의해 glutamate의 작용이 효과적으로 차단되었고, non-NMDA 길항제인 CNQX는 효과가 없었으므로, serotonin 신경세포에 대한 glutamate의 작용은 NMDA 수용체의 자극에 의한 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4267-4271
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• 2013

Background: As natural medicines in Asia, curcumin and triptolide extracted from different drug plants have proven to possess anticancer potential and widely used for anti-cancer research. The present study attempted to clarify that curcumin and triptolide synergistically suppress ovarian cancer cell growth in vitro. Methods: To test synergic effects, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after curcumin and triptolide combination treatment on ovarian cancer cell lines. Synergistic effects on apoptosis induction were determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss assay and flow cytometry analysis. Critical regulators of cell proliferation and apoptosis related were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: We showed that the combination of curcumin and triptolide could synergistically inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth, and induce apoptosis, which is accompanied by HSP27 and HSP70, indicating that HSP27 and HSP70 play the important role in the synergic effect. Conclusions: From the result present here, curcumin and triptolide combination with lower concentration have a synergistic anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer and which will have a good potential in clinical applications.