• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.75-99
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• 2014

This study analyzes the initial effect of meister high school policy on labor market by DID based on the fact that most of the meister high schools that had its first graduates in 2013 were not newly established but assigned by government. We estimated employment and real hourly wages as quantitative measures and intent to remain in labor market as qualitative one. The results shows that, the meister high school policy increased the employment rate but didn't do real hourly wages and intent to remain. Therefore, meister high school policy can be assessed to be successful in short-term only in quantitative aspects. The study has its contribution as the first study of estimating the net effect of the policy.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-79
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• 2013

This study was done to find out how women acquire their work citizenship through work-family reconciliation policies from the point of view of labour right and care right. This study investigated how labour right and care right, established by work-family reconciliation policies, are organized on a national level through the methods of socialization of the care such as the strategies of familization, de-familization, commodication and decommodication because paid labour and unpaid care work can be concretely embodied by such strategies. Actually in the care systems in the UK and Sweden, gender roles related to the responsibility for care was assumed differently. For that reason, the socialization of the care in these countries have been developed in a different way. And different results have been created from the two different countries in labour rights and care righst of man and women. The matter whether a society regards a woman as a laborer or caregiver especially has been an important starting point for the way in which social sharing of care develops. Work-family reconciliation policies stated in this study are very important factors. We can understand that care is not simply a duty of a man or a woman but an important human desire, which has to be granted to both a man and a woman as one of their own individual rights.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-67
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• 2015

This study aimed at identifying theirs relative importance and the factors affecting self-sufficiency in rural multicultural families. The major findings that were drawn from this study were as follows : Frist, the difference in the self-sufficiency level of their family perceived between husband and married immigrant women was not significant. But, in the level of self-sufficiency will, the level perceived by the husband was higher than it of the women significantly. Second, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that the age of the women(${\ss}=.31$) affected most significantly the self-sufficiency in rural multicultural families, followed by the labour morale of the women(${\ss}=.25$), labour morale of the husband(${\ss}=.20$), academic background of the husband(${\ss}=.19$), academic background of the women(${\ss}=.12$), spouse support level of the women toward the husband(${\ss}=.12$). Third, as a result of a hierarchical regression analysis, the self-sufficiency will variables had more explanatory power on it than social-demographic and/or social support variables. In conclusion, based on results of this study, several plans improving self-sufficiency of the rural multicultural family were suggested. Findings of this study may be used as a basic material to establish the policy supporting self-sufficiency in rural multicultural families.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.124-132
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• 2021

Purpose: Neonatal near miss (NNM) allows for the detection of risk factors associated with serious newborn complications and death, the prevention of which could reduce neonatal mortality. This study was conducted with the objective of identifying predictors for NNM in a tertiary hospital in Bangalore city. Methods: This was an unmatched case-control study involving 120 NNM cases and 120 controls. NNM was determined using Pileggi-Castro's pragmatic and management criteria. Data was collected from in-patient hospital records and interviews of postpartum mothers. Multiple logistic regression of exposure variables was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Significant predictors were maternal age ≥30 years (AOR, 5.32; 95% CI, 1.12 to 9.29; P=0.041), inadequate antenatal care (ANC) (AOR, 8.35; 95% CI, 1.98 to 51.12; P=0.032), <3 ultrasound scans during pregnancy (AOR, 12.5; 95% CI, 1.60 to 97.27; P=0.016), maternal anaemia (AOR, 18.96; 95% CI, 3.10 to 116.02; P=0.001), and any one obstetric complication (hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, diabetes in pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labour, obstructed labour, malpresentation) (AOR, 4.34; 95% CI, 1.26 to 14.95; P=0.02). Conclusion: The predictors of NNM identified has important implications for public health policy and practice whose modifications can improve NNM. These include expanding essential ANC package to include ultrasound scans, ensuring World Health Organization recommendations of eight ANC visits, capacity building at all levels of health care to strengthen routine ANC and obstetric care for effective screening, referral and management of obstetric complications.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.392-399
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• 2016

This review paper presents guidelines which stakeholders use in addressing on-farm tree planting configuration, establishment, tending, silvi- cultural management, management of pests and diseases, challenges and opportunities as practiced in the medium to high potential areas of Kenya. The tree planting configurations discussed includes blocks planting (woodlot), boundary, compound planting, home/fruit gardens, trees intercropped or mixed with pasture, trees on riverbanks and roadside. Participatory monitoring and evaluation techniques have been highlighted. The main challenges facing tree planting activities include culture and attitude of local people, land and tree tenure, inadequate technical support, lack of recognition and integration of technical information and indigenous knowledge, capital and labour shortages, lack of appropriate incentives measures, damage by domestic and wild animals, conflict over trees on the boundary and policy and legal issues. This guideline targets forest managers, extension agents, students and other practitioners in policy and day to day decision making processes in Kenya.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.25-46
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• 2010

The outstanding performance of some nations in Central and Northern Europe such as Denmark and the Netherlands in the labor market is much indebted to their policy to help labor flexicurity. In this study, the possibility of replicating the Dutch or Danish performance in the labor market is explored in case of adopting such policy in the 22 OECD countries. If implementing the flexicurity policy in the 22 member countries of the OECD leads to strong performance in the labor market, this policy can be globally shared as universal labor policy to provide a win-win situation among the labor, management and the authorities on the matter, paving the way for replacing the Anglo-Saxon policy characterized by high flexibility and low security, or the European alternative with a lower level of flexibility and a higher level of security. According to findings from our research, flexicurity policy can not produce any tangible accomplishments in the labor market by only itself. Therefore, we may safely reach the conclusion that flexicurity policy has a limited positive influence on the labor market of some northern or central European countries. Given the striking difference in inherent conditions between such European countries and OECD countries, it is not sensible for OECD nations to adopt labor policy in the direction of flexicurity.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.290-308
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• 2008

The industrial development of Goryeong County was started by the operation of the Ssangrym Agro￢industrial complex in the 1980s. As of 2m3, there are 6 industrial complexes in Goryeong County which account for 80 percent of total employment and 67 percent of total production outPuts in local manufacturing. The local manufacturing industries grew steadily before the 1997 financial crisis which resulted in industrial decline and have shown again a growing tendency since 2000. In this period of growth, manufacturing outPuts are increased and the industrial structure are improved, while employment and value added are in stagnation. The major industrial agglomerations are based in Gaejin-Myun, Dasan-Myun and Ssangrym-Myun, all of which are those in which the agro-industrial complex is operated. More than half of local manufacturing finns are those which came to move in from other regions, looking for cheap labour forces, agglomeration of the related finns and the easy accessibility to transport and communication. However, such local advantages are increasingly losing due to the shortage of labour forces and the lack of industrial networks. Some policy agendas can be suggested as follows. First of all, industrial policy should attempt links with the building-up of the Daegu Technopolis and the up-grading of the local industrial structure towards the knowledge-based industries. Secondly, the local government should make efforts to establish the innovation supporting system for local firms and the industrial and residential basis.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.137-144
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• 2008

Public housing problem became a major issue in each European country during the period of the reconstruction. This study focuses on the one of the major institutional policies in the public housing sectors in Europe during the second postwar period, specifically the INA (Istituto Nazionale delle Assicurazioni)-Casa in Italy from 1949 to 1963. Thanks to the financial Aid provided by 'Marshall Plan' of United States government, Italy initiated INA-Casa housing program elaborated and realized by minister of Labour, Amintore Fanfani. He was strongly influenced by catholic socialism and Weberian corporatism, and also had previously written theoretical studies on the subject during the Interwar years. The outcome of this policy had been devaluated for its Keynesian aspect as well as vernacular predominance in the architectural forms. On the contrary, this study focuses on themes such as continuity of politics before and after the Liberation, status of the architects and their will to social engagement, notion of quarter as 'self-sufficient community' and 'residential unit'. These factors will allow to comprehend the complex nature of the reality where different categories were involved to resolve the common housing problem.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.119-145
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to inspect how the law effected on hospital employment system and which policy and strategy are needed to cope with the present situation as the law regarding irregular workers law has enacted for a year. To grasp the changes of employment style in hospital, 56 hospitals among 311 general hospitals were questioned in this study. And employment policy and strategy were developed by referencing examples of developed nations and other industries. The survey showed that the wage and welfare level of irregular workers in hospitals was improved compared to that in the other industries. But there were still much discrimination between regular and irregular workers. The policy direction of government is, first of all, to follow the principle of equal treatment to equal value of labour. The first feasible policy is to enforce social security. The second one is an employment promotion policy which reduces or exempts hospitals employing irregular workers from tax and insurance fee. The third one is to extend employment contract period to 3 years. and finally there are policies to permit more dispatched jobs and to expand the social insurance coverage. The strategies to solve the problem of irregular workers are as follows; 1) performance wage system, 2) guaranteeing employment by unlimited contract, 3) creating new category of workers, 4) the wage system of management by object, 5) the method of job classification. This study has a meaning in the point that it was studied on hospital which is special industrial part and analyzed the changes after enacting irregular workers law and presented management strategy for countermeaure program. In this study, it was expected to contribute to decisions-making in hospital management, especially when using human resources.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.7-39
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• 2001

This paper examines the effect of active labor market policy on the unemployment rates in 8 welfare states. This paper focuses on the following questions: what are the major predictors of the changes in unemployment rates?; and what is the effect of active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates? Using the data from Comparative Welfare States Data Set by Stephens (1997), Key Indicators of the Labour Market by ILO (1999) and Social Expenditure Database by OECD (1999), this paper attempts to answer the above research questions. Fuller-Battese model, a data analysis method in pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, is adopted to identify variables predicting changes in unemployment rates. This paper analyzes the predictors by using 3 analysis models about 2 types of unemployment (overall unemployment and long term unemployment). Results are as follows: (1) economic variable such as changes in GDP has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; (2) active labor market policy has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates as well; (3) job brokering service among 3 major active labor market programs has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; and (4) there is an interaction effect between unemployment benefit level and active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates. Through the empirical analysis, this paper provides valuable knowledge about effects of active labor market policy on unemployment in 8 welfare states and discusses implications for the active labor market policy in Korea.