• 농업과학연구
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2008

China's agriculture is changing now, especially in terms of cash farming. Orange farming is one of the main cash crops. This study is to identify the labor utilization of orange farming of farm households in China. The Results are as follows. First, farm size increasing is an essential measure to save labor. Big farm requires less than 20% of labor inputs than that of average size farm. Second, in the aspect of the employment labor, while male labor accounted for the 5% of total labor, female employment labor took up much more, which amounts to almost half of family labor. Third, the average wage of men is almost twice as much as that of women's wage, and it is sharply increasing. Fourth, Chinese farm households put more labor input than Korean farm households in orange production, which is due to the substitution of capital for labor.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.34-50
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• 2017

This study delved into the effects of labor union members' social media utilization for the formation of labor union social capital. Specifically, this study aimed to identify the effects of labor union-related social media use and participation on the labor union's social capital formation through quantitative and qualitative research. It set up trust, network, and participation as social capital components and as dependent variables. Network, in particular, was divided into bonding and bridging aspect. There is the correlation between labor union-related social media use and the formation of labor union social capital. As participation in the group type social media operated by a labor union becomes more active, evaluation on labor union social capital throughout trust, network, and participation is higher. Especially, the correlation between bonding network and bridging network was high. This proves that a labor union's bond enhancement does not result in the labor union's selfishness, but it can build a cooperative system with an external network.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1992

Indicies of the labor productivity were assessed from 80 industry foodservice erstablishments in terms of meals served per labor hour, labor minutes per meal served, and labor cost per meal served. The labor productivity indicies were also assessed according to variables related to work such as working hours, paryment for the workers, volume of feeding, utilization of foodservice equipment, use of processed foods, and background of employees. The summary of the results was as follows: 1. Manufacturing sector among surveyed industry foodservice showed the highest labor productivity indicies followed by training institute. 2. 28.8% of surveyed establishments used dishwashing machine, while manual dishwashing was used in 71.3% of subjects, equipped rate point was 9.8 out of 20, and disposable dish was used in 30% of subjects. 3. A significant positive relationship was found between the number of meals and the labor procductivity indicies. As the number of meals increased, more meals were served per worker as per labor hour. 4. A significant negative relationship was found between price of meal and the labor productivity didicies. As the price of meal increased, less meals were served per worker as well as per labor hour.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.12-15
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• 1978

The agriculture in Korea has been gradually changed from a labor-intensive type to a labor-saving one which aims to maximize productivity of labor. Herbicides have been utilized in rice farming since 1955. The consumption of herbicides rapidly increased during the last decade. However, the technology of weed control with herbicides has not been developed yet. For the dissemination of efficient weed control methods in farming, both research and extension activities on herbicide utilization should be strengthened. Appropriate research and guidance units on weed control should be established as early as possible, in order to provide the necessary technical information.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2002

This study was performed to discuss how to develop policies to support social participation by full-time housewives, from the perspectives of human resource development and utilization. This study focused on three areas of potential human resource development: (a) labor force participation (b) social education (c) volunteerism. It analyzed the related "social infrastructures," especially labor market situation and child care systems. The current governmental policies and other social programs implemented by various institutions as well as the relevant literatures were reviewed. The preliminary policy proposals outlined in this study were evaluated by the policy developers and experts through several hearings and discussions. Programs proposed from this study were as follows : (a) programs to support housewives who wish to find employment or create a self-owned business, (b) educational programs exclusively offered for full time housewives, and (c) programs to award certificates and rewards and to create paid employment tied to volunteer work. In addition, the ways how to ameliorate the gender discrimination by changing the labor and social environments and institutionalizing the child care were discussed.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.141-162
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• 2003

This article discusses the issues of the estimated size and characteristics of irregular employment work force in Korea after IMF economic crisis in 1997. The issues of the estimated size of irregular employment work force originated from different concepts and its operationalizations among the labor economists, despite their utilization of the same labor force data, 'Economically Active Population Survey(EAPA)' collected from Korea National Statistical Office(KNSO). And the issues contribute toward the understandings of the irregular employment and the limits of the EAPA, despite its various usefulness. This article also describes the summary characteristics of irregular employment work force from both sides of labor supply and its demand. The major characteristics of irregular employment work force on the labor supply side appears in the concentration of social minorities, i.e. woman, the aged, lower educated and skilled populations. On the labor demand of irregular employment work force, the majority of it concentrated on the establishments under 10 employees, and probably the important incentives for irregular employment work force of the firms is labor cost efficiency. Finally, this article propose an alternative against the discrimination between the regular and irregular work force.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2007

The purposes of this paper are to investigate mismatch in labor supply and demand on small and medium industries in Suwon region by conducting surveys to potential employees and employers, and to suggest alternative policy means to eliminate those mismatch conditions. Reasons of occupation change, difference in terms desired in occupation between potential employee and employer, understanding in mismatch, and measure of labor shortage by firms are analyzed in this paper. The report's recommendations to eliminate labor mismatch in small and medium industry are categorized into two groups: working conditions and occupation competence. Narrowing the working conditions gap, utilization of idle workers, establishment of flexible wage system are suggested to eliminate labor condition mismatch. In addition, potential employees need to meet working requirements by building up both wide use ability, occupation specific ability, and industry specific ability.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.19-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in contents of home management part in the home economics textbooks fur middle school from the 1st to the 7th curriculum period. The contents in the all of home economics textbooks published in every curriculum period are analyzed. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1. The part of home management is divided into seven specific areas including 'definition and process of home management', 'utilization of family resource and environment management', 'time management', 'household labor/work nanagement', 'family financial management', 'purchasing', and 'consumer protection'. 2. From the 6th curriculum period, the area of 'definition and process of home management' begun to be explained using system's approach and the area of 'household labor/work management' changed its' focus from household to self management. 3. The areas emphasized in the beginning of curriculum period were 'family financial management' and 'household labor/work management'. The 'consumer protection' ' and 'utilization of family resource and environment management' were the areas emphasized in the later curriculum period. 4. The contents of 'family financial management' area have changed very little, however, the contents of 'purchasing' area have changed a lot during the all curriculum periods. 5. The contents of illustrations, tables, pictures, and activities have changed according to changes of the contents of the textbooks.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2004

건설 프로젝트에 있어 노무관리는 주요 공사관리 요소임에도 불구하고 다양한 사업주체의 참여, 작업공정의 복잡성 및 일회성 채용 방식 등으로 인하여 효율적으로 운영되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 대부분의 현장에서 수집되고 있는 노무정보들은 해당 현장의 기간별 노무자 투입정보 및 노무비 지급을 위한 공수 산정의 기초 자료로 활용될 뿐, 단위작업과의 연계를 통한 다양한 공사관리 정보로 활용되지 못하고 있는 한계성을 지니고 있다. 건설 프로젝트를 수행함에 있어 단위작업을 중심으로 발생되는 노무자의 작업정보는 해당 프로젝트의 생산성, 공정 및 원가정보와 연계되는 원천데이터로 정의될 수 있으므로 보다 적극적인 노무관련 정보의 수집과 가공을 위한 관리체계의 개발이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정보기술을 활용하여 단위작업을 중심으로 발생되는 노무관련 정보를 수집하고 이를 생산성 데이터로 가공하여 공정 및 노무비용과 연계하는 정보기술 기반의 노무정보관리 시스템을 제시하고자 한다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.113-150
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• 2006

본 연구는 환경 변화에 따라 21 세기 노동조합의 기능이 어떻게 변화하고 있는지 분석하고 이에 바탕하여 한국노조의 전환과제를 연구한다. 산업의 탈제조업화 및 지식노동 직업의 발전 등 구조 변화는 노조 조직률을 저하시키고 있다. 또한 IT의 등장으로 고용관계의 성격이 변화하고 단체교섭 범위가 축소되고 있다. 그리고 노동조합을 대체하는 제도들로 인하여 청원기능이 약화되고, 근로자의 의식 변화로 말미암아 대표기능이 약화되고 있다. 이에 따라 21 세기 노조는 3가지 형태로 발전하는데 우선 노조의 주요 기능이 조합원의 직업과 관련된 각종 서비스를 제공하는 서비스노조 모형이 있다. 둘째로 집단적 노사관계가 약해지고 대신 경쟁시장 원칙 및 개별주의 원칙에 따라 근로자와 고용주 간에 의사소통 및 임금, 근로조건이 결정되는 개별대표 모형이 있다. 마지막으로 근로자참여 모형에서는 생산성과 조직 효율성을 제고하기 위하여 각종 의사결정에 근로자가 참여하도록 한다. 현재 한국노조의 모습은 노조를 제외한 환경적 측면에서 번성기에서 쇠퇴기로 넘어가는 상태에 있으나, 의식 측면에서는 성장기 초기에 머물러 있음으로써 정상 궤도에서 이탈되어 있다고 판단한다. 이런 인식에서 한국노조의 전환 모형은 환경에서의 개선, 그리고 의식에서의 전환을 위한 대책을 모색한다. 전환 모형은 환경에서의 개선책으로 '경쟁촉진'을 제시한다. 그리고 의식의 전환을 위한 대안으로 가족노조주의 (family unionism)를 제안한다.