• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-100
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• 2005

본 연구는 한국 경제의 변화과정을 염두에 두고 GRDP, 1인당 GRDP, 인구, 고용 등의 지표를 가지고 전국대비 수도권 지역의 누적적 성장과정을 분석하고, 이러한 수도권의 누적적 성장과정을 선도하는 산업부문을 탐색하기 위해 전국대비 지역의 노동생산성을 요소분해하여 1990년대 이후 수도권 경제의 구조적 변화과정을 살펴보았다. 첫째, 수도권 지역에는 산업연관 및 집적경제효과로 인하여 기업 및 생산요소 등에 대한 강력한 흡인력이 누적적으로 작용하고 있다. 그 결과, 수도권 지역이 우리나라의 경제를 선도하고 있지만 비수도권과의 경제력 격차가 특히 1997년 외환위기 이후의 경기 지역에서의 제조업의 가파른 누적적 성장으로 인해 더욱 더 심화되고 있다. 둘째, 수도권 지역의 노동생산성은 1990년대 중 후반부터 상승하고 있으며 해당지역 산업구조의 고도화가 완만하게나마 진행되고 있다. 마지막으로 제조업, 금융보험업, 통신업 등이 전체적으로 수도권 지역 전체의 생산성지수의 증가에 중요한 역할을 하였으며 사회, 개인, 공공 및 기타서비스업, 부동산사업서비스 등의 서비스업과 전기가스수도업, 통신업 등이 고용의 확대와 재배치에 중요한 기여를 하였다. 이는 수도권 지역의 핵심 산업이 IT 중심의 제조업과 금융보험업을 포함한 생산자서비스산업이라는 점과, 대도시의 경제적 특성과 외환위기 이후의 경제상황을 반영한 서비스업에서 고용증가가 이루어지고 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.47-70
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 확률적 생산변경함수를 이용하여 총요소생산성 성장을 도출하고 그 내부요소를 기술효율성 변화, 기술진보, 규모효율변화, 배분적 효율변화로 구분하여 생산성 성장의 요인을 파악해 보고자 함이다. 1990-2003년간 항만물류산업의 총요소생산성 증가율은 연간 0.019 (1.9%)로서 전산업의 증가율 0.010보다 높다. 그 내부의 주된 기여요인은 기술진보이고 기술효율성변화는 감소하였다. 총요소생산성의 주된 기여요인으로는 항만산업은 배분효율성, 해운산업은 기술진보, 수송장비산업은 규모효율변화를 들 수 있다. 총요소생산성 변화는 1990년대 후반이후에 감소하는 추이를 보였다. 항만물류산업은 전산업에 비하여 매우 낮은 수준의 기술효율성수준을 보여주고 있고 산출탄력성 관점에서는 1990-2003년간 자본의 탄력성(0.391)이 노동의 탄력성(0.227)보다 높지만 규모에 대한 보수는 0.618로서 최적규모에 상당히 벗어나 있다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.411-433
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• 2015

본 연구는 거리함수에 기초한 분해분석을 활용하여 표본기간 1995년부터 2009년 한국 14개 제조업의 에너지 생산성 변화요인을 분석한다. 산출거리함수를 적용한 분해산식은 기술적 성장에 따른 생산성 성장효과를 생산요소 및 에너지 믹스와 관련된 다양한 분해요인으로 세분화하는 장점이 있으며 추정결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째 한국 제조업은 90년대 후반 이후 전반적인 에너지 생산성의 향상을 보였으며 표본기간 에너지 저소비형 산업이 경험한 경제적 성과가 핵심적인 요인으로 작용하였다. 둘째 생산프론티어의 성장을 의미하는 기술적 진보에 의한 에너지 생산성 성장이 크게 표출되었으며 효율성 개선을 통한 성장여지가 존재한다. 셋째 주요 생산요소인 노동 및 자본과 관련된 분해요인은 에너지 생산성 변화에 상호 상충된 영향을 미쳤으며 에너지 믹스에 의한 생산성 성장이 확인되었다. 다음으로 본 연구는 산업별 에너지 생산성 변화와 수출성장률의 관계를 추가적으로 분석하였으며 일부 에너지 집약 산업을 제외한 대부분의 산업부문에서 수출생산 성장률과 에너지 생산성의 성장 간 양(+)의 상관관계를 확인하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2004

본 연구는 비모수적 방법인 자료포락분석기법을 이용해 도시철도 운영기관인 서울시지하철공사와 철도청의 수도권 전철부문 및 부산교통공단의 연도별 Malmquist 총요소생산성 지수를 구하고, 이를 생산성의 세 가지 증가요인인 생산적 효율성과 기술진보 및 규모의 경제 효과별로 분해하였다. 이 때 도시철도 운영기관은 노동, 전력, 전동차 및 유지보수와 궤도(또는 자본) 요소를 투입하여 전동차-km를 생산하는 기업형태로 상정되었으며, 분석에는 세 운영기관의 연도별 자료로 구축된 불균형통합자료가 사용되었다. 추정 결과 세 도시철도 운영기관들의 연평균 임금상승률은 생산성 증가율을 상회했던 것으로 나타났다. 또한 생산성 증가에 대한 요인별 기여도는 기술 진보, 규모의 경제 효과, 그리고 생산적 효율성 순이었으며, 각 요인의 기여도는 모두 20% 이상었던 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 생산성 둔화를 방지하기 위해서는 임금인상률을 생산성 증가율 수준으로 조정하는 것이 필요하며, 새로운 기술의 도입보다는 기존 기술의 활용도를 높여 생산적 효율성을 향상시키는 것이 선행될 필요가 있음을 시사하고 있다. 또한 도시철도 운영기관의 생산성 증가율 추정시 편의를 줄이기 위해서는 세 가지 요인들을 모두 고려할 필요가 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2024

Purpose: Korea's construction industry has faced declining productivity and quality issues due to labor-intensive onsite construction and variables like weather, material price fluctuations, and labor shortages. The modular housing industry, introduced in Korea in 2003, offered benefits like reduced construction time and enhanced productivity through offsite manufacturing. However, its adoption remains limited due to high costs, quality concerns, and low consumer acceptance. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This study explores the feasibility and impact of implementing smart factory technologies in the modular housing industry to overcome these barriers. Using survey data from 179 construction industry experts, the study employs frequency and regression analysis to identify key factors influencing the adoption of modular housing and the effectiveness of smart factories. Findings suggest that government-led educational programs and strong policy support are essential for successful implementation, enhancing productivity, reducing costs, and improving quality. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the need for standardization of modular housing, deregulation of relevant laws, and increased public awareness to stimulate market growth and innovation. Policy recommendations include financial support for modular manufacturers transitioning to smart factories, ensuring stable supply volumes, and promoting the benefits of modular housing to consumers. Integrating smart factory technologies can lead to significant advancements in the modular housing industry, contributing to the sustainable development and modernization of Korea's construction sector.

• 경제분석
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-40
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• 2021

본 연구는 1981년부터 2019년까지 한국의 생산가능인구 1인당 실질 GDP 추세성장률을 추정하기 위해 추세성장률이 임의보행을 따르는 비관측요인모형을 사용한다. 추정 결과, 추세성장률은 외환위기를 극복하던 시기인 2000년 전후를 제외하고 1980년대 후반부터 2010년대 초반까지 지속해서 하락하였다. 추세성장회계를 통해 추세성장률 하락요인을 분석한 결과, 지속적인 추세성장률 하락은 노동생산성 둔화와 관련이 깊은 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 1988년부터 1998년까지의 추세성장률 1차 하락기는 외환위기 이전부터 둔화되기 시작한 노동증강 총요소생산성에 가장 큰 영향을 받았다. 이러한 결과는 외환위기로 추세성장률이 하락했다는 가설과는 배치되는 것이다. 한편 부진한 투자는 2002년부터 2012년까지의 2차 하락기의 중요한 배경인 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2021

The fourth industrial revolution based on information and communication technology (ICT) becomes the center of society, and the overall industrial structure is also changing significantly. ICT refers to the hardware of information devices and the software technologies required for the operation and information management of these devices, and any means of collecting, producing, processing, preserving, communicating and utilizing them. ICT is integrated into industries and services or combined with new technologies in various fields such as robotics and nanotechnology to connect all products and services to the network. The development of ICT, which continuously creates new products and services, has spread to all sectors of the industry, affecting not only daily life but also the livestock sector recently. In agriculture, ICT technology can reduce production costs by efficiently managing labor and energy because it can improve quality and yield based on data on environmental and growth information such as temperature, humidity, light and soil. In particular, smart livestock is considered suitable for achieving livestock management goals because it can reduce labor force and improve productivity by remotely and automatically managing accurate information necessary for raising and breeding livestock with ICT devices. The purpose of this study is to propose the need for ICT technology by comparing farm productivity before and after ICT is introduced. The method of the study is to compare the productivity before and after the introduction of ICT in Korean beef farms, pig farms, and poultry farms. The effectiveness of the study proved the excellence of ICT technology through the production results before ICT introduction and the productivity improvement case of livestock farms that efficiently operated manpower management and reduced labor force after ICT introduction. The conclusion of this paper is to present the need for smart livestock through ICT adoption through case study results.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제6권
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• pp.205-226
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• 2001

Under the pressure of competition and efficiency in the 21st century, many firms need to adapt the system of new labor relationship, labor management' innovation. In global economy and information time, country and company have become a business imperative core strategy. Industrial and Labor management culture is more innovation and sustain, development. Therefore, This paper review, the new era of 21st century of knowledged based information society, new labor management culture's shape and the possibility of strong corporate culture's impact. This study suggested several improvement ways of Labor Management. The directions of participation in decisions in labor relation as follows: A manager and employee cope with partnership each other, open management is to successfully operate. Then investment enlarge human resource development, career development, education & training's enforcement etc. Employee are creativity and innovation task centered interested in the working conditions. First of all, employee has to not only effort to productivity improvement, but also voluntarily capacity improvement. These changes are hot issues to employee as well as to manager. Also, Government role is very important. They provide to constructive infra and human resource management should be develop as well as supported to knowledge based employee in socially responsible management. Finally, new labor relations culture' practice can effort the growth to improve upgrading strategy the sound labor-manager.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.115-137
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• 2010

Information technology (IT) outsourcing, the use of a third-party vendor to provide IT services, started in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Korea, and has increased rapidly since 2000. Recently, firms have increased their efforts to capture greater value from IT outsourcing. To date, there have been a large number of studies on IT outsourcing. Most prior studies on IT outsourcing have focused on outsourcing practices and decisions, and little attention has been paid to objectively measuring the value of IT outsourcing. In addition, studies that examined the performance of IT outsourcing have mainly relied on anecdotal evidence or practitioners' perceptions. Our study examines the contribution of IT outsourcing to economic growth in Korean industries over the 1990 to 2007 period, using a production function framework and a panel data set for 54 industries constructed from input-output tables, fixed-capital formation tables, and employment tables. Based on the framework and estimation procedures that Han, Kauffman and Nault (2010) used to examine the economic impact of IT outsourcing in U.S. industries, we evaluate the impact of IT outsourcing on output and productivity in Korean industries. Because IT outsourcing started to grow at a significantly more rapid pace in 2000, we compare the impact of IT outsourcing in pre- and post-2000 periods. Our industry-level panel data cover a large proportion of Korean economy-54 out of 58 Korean industries. This allows us greater opportunity to assess the impacts of IT outsourcing on objective performance measures, such as output and productivity. Using IT outsourcing and IT capital as our primary independent variables, we employ an extended Cobb-Douglas production function in which both variables are treated as factor inputs. We also derive and estimate a labor productivity equation to assess the impact of our IT variables on labor productivity. We use data from seven years (1990, 1993, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, and 2007) for which both input-output tables and fixed-capital formation tables are available. Combining the input-output tables and fixed-capital formation tables resulted in 54 industries. IT outsourcing is measured as the value of computer-related services purchased by each industry in a given year. All the variables have been converted to 2000 Korean Won using GDP deflators. To calculate labor hours, we use the average work hours for each sector provided by the OECD. To effectively control for heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation present in our dataset, we use the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) procedures. Because the AR1 process may be industry-specific (i.e., panel-specific), we consider both common AR1 and panel-specific AR1 (PSAR1) processes in our estimations. We also include year dummies to control for year-specific effects common across industries, and sector dummies (as defined in the GDP deflator) to control for time-invariant sector-specific effects. Based on the full sample of 378 observations, we find that a 1% increase in IT outsourcing is associated with a 0.012~0.014% increase in gross output and a 1% increase in IT capital is associated with a 0.024~0.027% increase in gross output. To compare the contribution of IT outsourcing relative to that of IT capital, we examined gross marginal product (GMP). The average GMP of IT outsourcing was 6.423, which is substantially greater than that of IT capital at 2.093. This indicates that on average if an industry invests KRW 1 millon, it can increase its output by KRW 6.4 million. In terms of the contribution to labor productivity, we find that a 1% increase in IT outsourcing is associated with a 0.009~0.01% increase in labor productivity while a 1% increase in IT capital is associated with a 0.024~0.025% increase in labor productivity. Overall, our results indicate that IT outsourcing has made positive and economically meaningful contributions to output and productivity in Korean industries over the 1990 to 2007 period. The average GMP of IT outsourcing we report about Korean industries is 1.44 times greater than that in U.S. industries reported in Han et al. (2010). Further, we find that the contribution of IT outsourcing has been significantly greater in the 2000~2007 period during which the growth of IT outsourcing accelerated. Our study provides implication for policymakers and managers. First, our results suggest that Korean industries can capture further benefits by increasing investments in IT outsourcing. Second, our analyses and results provide a basis for managers to assess the impact of investments in IT outsourcing and IT capital in an objective and quantitative manner. Building on our study, future research should examine the impact of IT outsourcing at a more detailed industry level and the firm level.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2022

Enterprises play an increasingly important role in economic development in each country. Effective businesses will make the economies of countries also become efficient and develop. Enterprises play a role in creating jobs, improving labor productivity, and connecting foreign trade and import-export activities. The study aims to evaluate the factors affecting the profitability of small and medium enterprises in Hanoi by using a study of 210 enterprises in the area as well as advanced econometric regression analysis. The research results show that firm size and human capital have no impact on business performance. However, older firms are likely to have higher firm performance, and conversely, younger firms have lower firm performance. The research also confirms that the growth of businesses often has higher firm performance than low-growth ones. Furthermore, a firm with greater value is also more likely to stimulate business performance than lower its value, and this effect is the largest among the analyzed factors. Finally, the study also has some recommendations for the Vietnamese government to develop small and medium enterprises. Specifically, the government needs to create an open mechanism for the start-up movement and create a favorable financial mechanism for small and medium-sized enterprises to be able to access.