• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농업학회 2001년도 심포지엄
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• pp.192-206
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• 2001

A major challenge in the transition from conventional to organic production in a grain intensive region such as the Com Belt legion of the U.S.A. is how to profitably select and manage a crop relation. The opportunity cast of forgoing grain production for forage and green manure crops is significant. Many organic researchers and writers emphasize the need to bring an animal enterprise into the farming system for diversification and enhanced labor utilization. Livestock also add value to grain and forage crops to offset decreased grain production and can recapture nutrients used in crop production that can be recycled through manure. In grain intensive regions, organic farmers should consider swine production as a natural fit for the farming system. Swine are very efficient and adaptable animals that can add value to both grain and forage crops. While somewhat lacking, there is a reasonable body of literature on organic and sustainable swine production. However, there is relatively little specific information available to organic farmers to assist in the initial decision to enter organic swine production and to evaluate marketing alternatives. The primary focus of this paper is to give some background on organic animal production(emphasis on swine) in the Central United States and outline production and marketing decisions and considerations, relative to market trends, demographics and standards(U.S.). At the farm level, decisions must be made regarding resources, such as land, labor, financial and social capital, all relative to opportunities, all in the context of the standards and market forces beyond the farm. At the personal level the farmer must also make decisions about convictions regarding organic or environmentally friendly agriculture, willingness to change, impacts on lifestyle and family, and the transition to organic methods within the planning horizon of the farmer and the family business.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2009

Because of its unique characteristics, the construction industry tends to be affected by economic environment more than any other industries. The domestic construction industry was forced to change its management pattern and system when it went through the foreign currency crisis, and since then, the construction industry has been growing in terms of quality over last 10 years, breaking from the quantitative performance-oriented growth in the past. The study was intended to integrate the financial data of the companies during the period before and after the foreign currency crisis so as to analyze the effect of environmental changes on management performance of the companies. It was aimed at evaluating the changes to the stability, profitability and the growth potential, and collecting the data on variation of the market scale, price of resources such as material and labor and the financial environment, thereby analyzing the correlation with the management performance. The study, to deal with the difficulties which are anticipated, like the foreign currency crisis experienced in the past, was also intended to identify the correlation between the economic conditions and the performance of the construction companies, using the experimental data in the past.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.279-299
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 노인장기요양서비스를 이용하는 부양가구원과 여성가구원의 노동공급효과를 확인하는데 있다. 노인장기요양보험제도의 공식적 돌봄 서비스가 부양가구원들의 비공식적 돌봄을 대체한다면, 이는 부양가구원들의 시간제약을 변화시켜 노동공급을 증가시킬 것이다. 따라서 이러한 노동공급효과는 각국의 공적 돌봄 서비스의 제도적 수준에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 지금까지 서구국가들에서는 이에 대한 연구가 활발히 전개되어 왔으나, 이러한 실증분석들은 혼재된 결과를 보인다. 선행연구들에서는 무엇보다 방법론상 내생성의 문제가 지속적으로 제기되어 왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 유사실험설계인 PSM(Propensity Score Matching)과 DD(Double Difference) 결합모형을 활용하여 선택편의를 최소화하였다. 한국복지패널 3차, 9차 데이터를 활용한 분석 결과, 한국의 노인장기요양보험제도의 노동공급효과는 나타나지 않았다. 단순이중차이분석에서는 노동시간과 근로소득이 유의미하게 증가한 것으로 나타났지만, 더 엄격하다고 볼 수 있는 이중차이 고정효과모형분석에서는 그 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 이를 서구의 경험적 연구결과에 비춰보면, 한국의 공적 돌봄서비스인 노인장기요양보험제도가 비공식적 돌봄을 대체하지 못하고 일부만을 보완하는 수준에 머물러 있는 것이라고 해석할 수 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 그동안 제기되어온 노인장기요양서비스의 급여불충분성에 대한 증거가 될 수 있으며, 노인장기요양서비스의 제도적 배열이 대상자 및 부양가족의 욕구에 맞도록 선택되어져야 한다는 함의를 가진다.

• 지역연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.99-116
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• 1996

This study investigates the nature and patterns of interrelation between the emerging information and communication technology(ICT) and the organization of corporate space, both theoretically and empirically. In this work, ICT is conceptualized not so much a space-adjusting technology as an organizational technology. ICT is considered as a governance technology which is related to coordination function within a firm. Therefore, it is supposed to have a great relevance to the spatial reorganization of functions within a firm. Both questionnaire and case study method are used to gather necessary data from Korean electronics manufactures. The results of this study can be summarized as follow. First, the spatial structure of a firm, which is operationalised as the number and type of spatially separated establishments, is turned out to have a great explanatory power to its adoption of computer networks. Computer networks in muli-locational companies are introduced to overcome the limits of its spatial structure, such as duplication of functions, such as duplication of functions, loss of time spent in proceeding a job between different functional units, and unresponsiveness to the change of market demand. Second, new spatial division of labor and function could be possible through a series of business process reengineering, not through the mere adoption of ICT. Case studies reveal that computer network could help a firm to realize new forms of spatial division of labor, especially in those functions which is mainly based on the flow of information. Such function as ICT management, sales logistics and after-sales service are major parts where a new operational unit has appeared with the help of ICT. From above results, it can be concluded that the interrelations between ICT and organizational space should be approached intimately integrated with the change of industrial structure and it's organizational implications.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

For the implementation of innovative products or services companies use different innovation strategies, in particular, outsourcing is quite widespread, given the high level of specialization and professionalism of companies that provide such services. The aim of this article was to evaluate the link between outsourcing of innovative activities and indicators of companies' efficiency. The methodology of the research includes the methods of correlation analysis and regression analysis to reveal the correlation between the use of outsourcing of innovative products and services and the turnover of the EU enterprises. The results show a high level of innovative activity of EU enterprises (50.3% innovatively active). Innovative business processes are the most widespread form of innovation activity (41% of enterprises implement business processes, and the indicator is higher than 41% in the most developed EU countries). The turnover of enterprises with new or substantially improved products was found to grow by 10.92% for the period 2016-2018. The correlation analysis shows weak direct links between the indicator of turnover growth and the number of enterprises that have independently implemented innovations, or have implemented innovations jointly with third-party companies, or using outsourcing services. The highest level of direct connection was found between the growth of turnover of enterprises that launched a new product for the market and the growth of the number of enterprises that implemented innovations with the involvement of organizations (correlation 0.273). Based on the regression analysis it was found that with a 1% change in the growth rate of the number of innovation-active enterprises, the growth rate of turnover from new or improved products increased by 5.67%. At the same time, with a 1% change in the growth rate of the number of enterprises that implement innovation through outsourcing, the growth rate of turnover from new or improved products will increase by 7.15%.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.135-154
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• 1997

본 연구는 안동지역 삼베수공업산지의 존립기반 즉 생산유통체계의 변화 및 경영특성, 그리고 산지내 사회적 분업과 지역 분화의 실태를 분석하였다. 안동 삼베수공업은 1970년대 고도경제성장기의 극심한 쇠퇴기를 거쳐 1980년대 후반 이후 소득수준 향상에 따라 1970년대 초반 수준으로 회복되면서 일정수준을 유지하고 있다. 생산유통체계는 종래 일괄생산체계의 "소상품형"에서 1980년대 후반 이후 품질 및 생산공정 개선노력과 생산연령층의 노령화 그리고 기존 제품판매체계의 기능약화로 생산공정상의 사회적 분업을 중심으로 생산유통체계가 변화하였다. 산지내 사회적 분업은 대마 재배와 제사 및 직조 공정간, 나아가서 부분적인 수공업적 공정상의 분업 그리고 생산과 제품 판매간의 크게 3부분에 걸쳐 이루어지고 있다. 이중에서 강산과 제품의 유통 판매간의 분업은 활성화되지 못해 신제품의 기획 개발 및 판로개척을 선도할 수 있는 업체가 정착 발달하지 못하고 있다. 지역 분화의 특징으로는 과거 전지역에서 보편적으로 이루어지던 생산이 특정 지역에 한정적으로 이루어 곁과 동시에 지역간 생산유통체계상의 차별성에 기초하여 지역간 연계가 강화되었다는 점을 들 수 있다. 지역분화의 원인으로는 대마재배의 지역 특화와 노동력 이용방식에 있어서의 차별성을 들 수 있다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.21-54
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• 2015

This paper analyzes how and why household debt distribution by the householder age has changed over the past decade both in Korea and the US. Data shows that the proportion of household debt held by younger households has decreased, while that held by older households has increased. Empirical analysis shows that a change in the demographic distribution of householders is the main driving force that has shifted the household debt distribution. Given that demographic aging is an inevitable trend, the proportion of household debt held by older households is also expected to increase. Therefore, the Korean government must preemptively prepare for the household debt problem, especially for debt held by older households, by strengthening macro-prudential policies, preventing asset price deflation, restructuring household debt contract structures, and reforming labor market inflexibility.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.251-257
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to analyse the relationship between the types of supplied apartment plans and the dweller's remodelling of their housework space. Major findings of this research are as fellows: 1. The concept of house wort space has been greatly changed according to the evolution of socio-economic situation. 2. Increasing trend of remodelling activities for house work space is closely related with the housewife's changing attitude on the concept of house work, that is, the change from hard labor to enjoyable object. 3. The concern for house work space remodelling has been increased since 1980's, which is closely related with the appearance of consumer oriented housing market environment.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2008

National technical qualification does not recognised degree of working-career in labor market and an industrial field situation. National qualification is supply to nurture expert manpower and accomplish of self-development and a duty accomplishment ability improvement at a side of personal. So, This study is purposed to find that a method for recognition of working-career on the national technical qualification system According to, this study is designed to questionnaire with BSC(Balaced ScoreCard), SEM(Structure Equation Model) with the delphi method, and is analysed using the AMOS 7.0 program package. Finally, This study is suggested growing to qualification standard for an examination a degree of master craftsman only under the change of national qualification systematization as a standard to operation and control.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2008년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.275-285
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• 2008

National technical qualification does not recognised degree of working-career in labor market and an industrial field situation. National qualification is supply to nurture expert manpower and accomplish of self-development and a duty accomplishment ability improvement at a side of personal. So, This study is purposed to find that a method for recognition of working-career on the national technical qualification system. According to, this study is designed to questionnaire with BSC(Balaced ScoreCard), SEM(Structure Equation Model) with the delphi method, and is analysed using the AMOS 7.0 program package. Finally, This study is suggested growing to qualification standard for an examination a degree of master craftsman only under the change of national qualification systematization as a standard to operation and control.