• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2017

The trend analysis of the study was acquired by selecting multiyear monthly groundwater table data and monitors the wells in each sub-district under the study area. The intention of this research was to analyze the outcome of the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test at greater than the significance level which is 95% of groundwater level in Sylhet. The aptitude is effective at two conjunctures where the confidence bounds are 95% and it meets the estimate line of Sen's. To calculate and assess the spatial differences in the inanition of groundwater table, geostatistical methods was applied based on data from 27 groundwater wells during the period from January 1975 to December 2011 which were obtained from a secondary source, Bangladesh Water Development Board. The geographic information system was used to assess the spatial change in order to find the level of groundwater. Cross-validation errors were found within an advisable level in estimating the groundwater depth with different interpolation models of ordinary kriging methods. Finally, surface maps were generated with the best-fitted model. The southeast region was found highly vulnerable from groundwater level point of view. Northern region was detected highest hazard prone area for diverge groundwater using kriging method.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

Recently developed automotive components are getting lighter providing a higher fuel efficiency and performance. Following the current trend, this study proposes a structural optimization method for the lower control arm installed at the front side of a Vehicle. Lightweight design of lower control arm can be achieved through design and material technology. In this research, the shape of lower control arm was determined by applying the optimization technology and aluminum was selected as a steel-substitute material. Strength performance is the most important design requirement in the structural design of a control arm. This study considers the static strength in the optimization process. For the optimum design, the durability analysis is performed to predict its fatigue life. In this study, the kriging interpolation method is adopted to obtain the minimum weight satisfying the strength constraint. Optimum designs are obtained by the in-house program, EXCEL-Kriging. Also, based on the optimum model obtained for the static strength, the optimization of Index of Fatigue Durability is carried out to get th optimum fatigue performance.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제43권8호
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• pp.757-767
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• 2010

본 연구는 확률강우량에 대한 공간분포 추정시 신뢰도를 향상시키는데 있어서 외부변수 사용의 유효성을 평가하기 위하여 확률강우량과 단일 보조변수로서 지형특성인자들과의 상관관계를 고려한 KED 기법을 적용하였으며, 그 결과 강우공간분포 및 유역평균강우량의 추정에 있어서 확정론적 공간보간기법 및 크리징 기법과 대체로 비슷한 결과를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었으며, KED 및 크리징 기법에 대한 교차검증 결과 보조변수로서 표고를 사용한 KED 기법이 가장 좋은 결과를 나타내고는 있으나 다른 기법들과 비교했을 때 큰 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2010

수문학적 강우-유출 모형의 가장 중요한 입력 자료는 강우량 자료이다. 기존에는 지상 우량계 관측자료의 점 우량을 티센, 역거리제곱법, 크리깅 등의 내삽방법을 사용하여 유역의 면적강우량을 산정하였다. 그러나 이러한 방법들도 여전히 유역 내의 정확한 강우의 분포 추정에 많은 어려움이 있다. 강우 레이다의 경우 공간적인 측정을 통하여 보다 정확하게 강우의 공간적 분포를 파악할 수 있게 한다. 본 연구에서는 지상 우량계에서 관측된 점 우량을 역거리제곱법(Inverse Distance Squared, IDS)과 크리깅 기법으로 면적강우량의 공간분포를 산출하였고, 이를 강우레이다로부터 추정된 레이다 강우의 공간분포와 비교하였다. 그 결과 레이다에 의해 측정된 강우가 현실적인 강우의 공간 분포를 제공하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.553-558
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• 2010

This study presents the optimization design process of a segment ball valve that involves the reduction of the flow resistance coefficient and the satisfaction of the strength requirement. Numerical analysis of fluid flow and structural analysis have been performed to predict the flow resistance coefficient and the maximum stress of a segment ball valve. In this study, a segment ball valve incorporating the advantages of a ball valve and a butterfly valve has been devised. In general, ball valves are installed in a pipe system where tight shut off is required. Butterfly valves having smaller end-to-end dimension than ball valve can be installed in narrow spaces in a pipe system. The metamodels for the shape design of a segment ball valve are built by the response surface method and the Kriging interpolation model.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2010

For orthodontic treatment, most commonly, an archwire is inserted into orthodontic brackets that can be made from stainless steel. Then, the archwires interact with the brackets to move teeth into the desired positions. However, the activation of an archwire may induce undesirable rotation of a tooth due to the moment application. An appropriate magnitude of the gable bends of an archwires prevents its rotation. However, it is not easy to predict the relationship between the rotation and the gable bend. This study presents the numerical approach to predict the rotation of a tooth with respect to the gable bend in the activation of an archwire. To predict the rotation of a tooth, the kriging interpolation method is introduced.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2009

Weight reduction of automobile parts has been sought to achieve fuel efficiency and energy conservation. In this study, a shape design procedure is suggested to obtained the lightweight design of an outer tie rod. The developed aluminium Al6082M is selected as a steel-substitute material. Strength assesment and durability are the important design criterion in the structural design of an outer tie rod. This study considers strength and durability in the optimization process. In this study, the kriging interpolation method and trial and error method are adopted to obtain the minimum weight satisfying the strength and durability constraints.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.391-393
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• 2006

In this study, the performance of artificial neural network (ANN) models for estimating spatial distribution of water quality was evaluated using electric conductivity (EC) values in landfill site. For the ANN model development, feedforward neural networks and backpropagation algorithm with gradient descent method were used. In Test 1, the interpolation ability of the ANN model was evaluated. Results of the ANN model were more precise than those of the Kriging model. In Test 2, spatial distributions of EC values were predicted using precipitation data. Results seemed to be reasonable, however, they showed a limitation of ANN models in extrapolations.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2009

This study proposes the structural optimization of a manifold valve. FE analysis is performed to evaluate the strength of a manifold valve. In addition, the structural optimization technique is applied to reduce its weight. In this study, the optimization method using the kriging interpolation method is adopted to obtain the minimum weight satisfying the strength constraint. The maximum stress and the weight are replaced by the metamodels. In this process, tile sample points are generated by latin-hypercube design. Optimum designs are obtained by ANSYS Workbench and the in-house program.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2014

The coverage area of GNSS regional ionospheric correction model is mainly determined by the disribution of GNSS ground monitoring stations. Outside the coverage area, GNSS users may receive ionospheric correction signals but the correction does not contain valid correction information. Extrapolation of the correction information can extend the coverage area to some extent. Three interpolation methods, Kriging, biharmonic spline and cubic spline, are tested to evaluate the extrapolation accuracy of the ionospheric delay corrections outside the correction coverage area. IGS (International GNSS Service) ionosphere map data is used to simulate the corrections and to compute the extrapolation error statistics. Among the three methods, biharmonic method yields the best accuracy. The estimation error has a high value during Spring and Fall. The error has a high value in South and East sides and has a low value in North side.