• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

Technological development of information and communication have brought sharp changes to every sector such as society, culture, economy and education because of knowledge and information-oriented society. The number of classes has decreased, and some schools are closed or incorporated due to decrease of the population. Such phenomenon has brought changes to learning using digital technology and space. A change called digital innovation is characterized by interactive communication centering on the internet network. Therefore, it is very important to predict educational environment to be changed according to digital environment and to note how real learning space is changed. The development of digital technology in society in general presents two concepts of digital and contents, digitalized information. Such technology is recognized as a new paradigm in education sector and a new space is created through participation of instructors and learners in learning space. This study analysed cases of learning space of elementary schools based on bibliographical examination and related bibliography including data from academic presentations and news release to present developed leaning space. To present healthy and creative learning environment which can lead knowledge and information-based society in the future, the preface described the background, purpose, methods and range of the study, and analysed transitional processes of society and culture, digital learning contents, and learning space in education of elementary schools. Finally the study identified trends and cases of research on learning space and suggested digital learning contents space.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-43
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• 2003

This paper introduces some theories that can be effectively applied for the development of teaching and learning mathematics using fuzzy theory developed by Zadeh who defined fuzzy set and knowledge space by Doignon and Falmagne. Especially, we expect that two theories mentioned above are expected to solve the situation that could not be taken care of the present evaluation method.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-104
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• 2022

In this study, in line with the era of the fourth industrial revolution, general concepts, technologies, trends, and examples of virtual reality and augmented reality were examined, and based on this, a plan that could be applied to libraries in the future was proposed. As a result of the study, first, it is necessary to construct a smart space as an experiential play space that can satisfy cultural desires transcending time and space by providing immersive contents using 4th technology such as VR and AR. Second, it is necessary to expand experiential cultural support services through VR, AR and MR. Third, to develop educational contents based on augmented reality technology. In order to apply and activate virtual reality and augmented reality in libraries in the future, based on a survey of librarians and users of public libraries, a survey on the application status, satisfaction, and demand of current public libraries should be conducted.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 2007

In order to be efficient in teaching, a teacher should understand the current learner's level through diagnostic evaluation. This study has examined the major issues arising from the noble diagnostic assessment tool based on the theory of knowledge space. The knowledge state analysis method is actualizing the theory of knowledge space for practical use. The knowledge state analysis method is very advantageous when a certain group or individual student's knowledge structure is analyzed especially for strong hierarchical subjects such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc. Students' knowledge state helps design an efficient teaching plan by referring their hierarchical knowledge structure. The knowledge state analysis method can be enhanced by computer due to fast data processing. In addition, each student's knowledge can be improved effectively through individualistic feedback depending on individualized knowledge structure. In this study, we have developed a diagnostic assessment test for measuring student's learning outcome which is unattainable from the conventional examination. The diagnostic assessment test was administered to middle school students and analyzed by the knowledge state analysis method. The analyzed results show that students' knowledge structure after learning found to be more structured and well-defined than the knowledge structure before the learning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

The campus outdoor space in each city is a very important space for students and local residents. Especially, for students, indoor space such as classroom is the main place to learn knowledge. But the outdoor space provides an opportunity to interact with people in other sectors and it also gives an opportunity that can make students sense the flow of the times. Moreover, students have the opportunity to integrate knowledge of the other fields in the outdoor space. The campus also provides an important resting place for residents. Therefore the campus should be convenient for both local residents and students, and should be designed to let students and local residents communicate with each other in outdoor space. This study attempts to identify the problems of the outdoor space in such a point. The high scores of campus evaluation indexes are as follows: First, the lighting in the favorite space and installing seats in a green space of the vestibule get the highest score. Also, separation of a sidewalk and a roadway, the ease of holding events, simple food and beverage near the entrance, the interacting place of people, the resting place near the porch in cold winter, the lighting in a bus stop and parking lot also get good evaluations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

The virtual reality consists of a virtual space constructed similar to the reality and agents residing in it. Our virtual space refers to an orderly space that is governed by such physical properties as mass, gravity, friction, and associated rules on top of the usual visual rendering. To construct this virtual world we are to develop virtual agents behaving like humans and the environment surrounding them. In order to improve the existing reactive agents designed to act to their designers' dictation in predetermined space or memory into autonomous agents, we need diverse kinds of knowledge among others related to the spaces for the agents to act in. Our design and implementation focuses on the spatial knowledge among those diverse aspects of knowledge required. The developed knowledge representation scheme is used on a basis for realistic and efficient physical cyber-environment, and as the knowledge structure to simulate the virtual agents' knowledges on spaces.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to comprehend the cognition of Korean tradition and the required basic educational contents among interior architects. The survey had been made 277 designers and the major findings of this study are as follows. First. It is revealed that only a half of interior architect have been taught about Korean tradition in university and their level of knowledge is entry level. Therefore it is found that the education in university on the Korean tradition was not sufficient enough Second, it is believed that one ideal way of expressing Korean tradition is re-interpreting traditional motive with modern views and another way is to express abstractly about Korean traditional space arrangement, composition and space concept. It is found that substantial knowledge and information is required to express Korean tradition effectively. Third. it is found that a lot of interior architect has faced difficulties in carrying out projects because of not having sufficient knowledge related to Korean tradition. Therefore it is recommended to educate basic theory about Korean tradition first and then reinforce the program by including field trip In university curriculum. Fourth. it is necessary to re-educate to current Interior architect because of lacking knowledge about Korean tradition. The recommended area in priority order is traditional Interior space, traditional architecture, traditional color, traditional pattern and traditional furniture

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.2A
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• pp.99-108
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• 2002

In this paper, we discuss the effect of imperfect knowledge of the transmission channel on the M-QAM SER performance of space-time block codes. Because the channel knowledge is used for decoding of space-time block codes, the imperfect channel knowledge can degrade the performance of space-time block codes. In this paper, the channel mismatch error is modeled as errors in the estimation of the channel due to noise and errors due to the variation of the channel. We derive the analytic expression for the symbol error rate (SER) as a function of the average signal to interference ratio (SIR) per channel including the terms of channel mismatch errors. Simulation results show that the acceptable levels of channel estimation error is 10$\^$-3/ and that of channel variation is f$\_$d/T$\_$B/=0.001 at SNR=20dB in space-time block codes.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-100
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• 2011

For decades, thousands of corporation introduced knowledge management systems to respond knowledge-based society. However, it seems that the systems merely focusing on knowledge accumulation and its sharing have been bounded by many restrictions in terms of new knowledge creation based on the life cycle of knowledge management systems. Moreover, recently, a variety of knowledge management activities regarding organization, systems, and process is emphasized as a strategic asset for a corporation to create core knowledge. Therefore, this study adopted the Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory to investigate the factors affecting knowledge creation and the success factors of knowledge management systems in virtual space. Prior studies argued that flow experience should be a prerequisite for creative knowledge creation. In that vein, this research revealed the causal relationships for flow experience between the determinants of clear goal, immediate feedback, congruence of challenge and skill. Additionally, it empirically examined how flow experience affected the exploratory behavior of knowledge creation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6344-6353
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• 2014

According to the changes in society, the knowledge industrial center, which is a factory related to the manufacturing industry, is now including various programs, such as information and communication knowledge. This study defined the knowledge industrial center related law into three periods: deduct layout planning type and outside space composition elements by previous research; case analysis; and suggestions of the direction of layout planning and outside space plan. As a result of the analysis, first, before 1999, the layout of the building is made mainly with a car, but depending on the form of the site, it is configured as a centered, side layout. Second, in the case of distribution, the support facility on the lower part is integrated and the factory on the higher part is distributed, so it is partly integrated and the building is unified. Third, beginning with the activation of privately owned public space in a semi-industrial district according to architecture regulations in 1999, the outside space is wider but the construction area is reduced, so the outside space composition has been changing in a similar manner to the planning methods of business facilities, such as office buildings.