• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.234-242
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• 2010

The twenty seven houses at Incheon city, were remodeled in 2009 for the physically handicapped people. This research had been done the analysis of the itemized questionnaire by the needs of the physically handicapped for their better living environment and suggested the following remodeling devices. First of all, there was the priority for the remodeling of their living facilities. According to their priority, they wanted to remodel their bathroom, kitchen & dining room, veranda, living room, and hall way. These were based on their needs of movement, personal hygiene, convenient closet, and cabinet usage. In particular, their demands were shown as followings. The wheelchair using handicapped people required safe doorknobs, unslippery floor materials, removal of step levels, and heights adjustable washing stand for their bathroom. They also requested washboard, non-threshold, and automatic door locks. Otherwise, the disabled in critical condition who could not move anything preferred the remodeling of inner structure of living spaces and automatic door system. The slight disabled and the families those who have the disabled demanded the remodeling of kitchen & dining room, and preferred the reorganization of closet, cabinets, floor tiles, and turncock. The remodeling of bedroom was mostly requested by the disabled women, people with the brain disorder, and disabled people in critical condition who could not move anything. They wanted the remote controlled lightings.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.65-72
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• 2006

This study was to and out contemporary space design trends of rural houses in So-yang Munhwa village by analyzing their floor plan shapes and space relations & elements of floor plans. There were built 71 houses in that village but it were possible to collect housing data, floor plans & general building records of 41 houses, from house register. By analyzing those data, findings were as follows : 1) Floor plan shapes of rural houses had a tendency to be diverse, various form of 'ㅋ' than simple form of 'ㅡ'. 2) Room-Living-Room, 3 bay arrangement was very strong trends, and traditional planning characteristics that the openness of living space was keeping. 3) Anbang(master bedroom) and living space were important, so two spaces were set forth of floor plan and Anbang with a bathroom were often showed. 4) DK space and its relation to other spaces were important factor to classily 2 floor plan types of them. 5) DK(dining kitchen) space had an openness from back entrance and DK were separated from public spaces L.D.K. Utility or balcony/veranda spaces as a support space of kitchen were planned in rural houses, and they were influenced from apartment houses or urban houses.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.153-162
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• 2001

This study suggests the basic data required in setting up the standard for the architectural planning of Korean senior center by analyzing the standard and current situation of a senior center in Japan that has the welfare facility system similar to that of Korea and understanding its architectural characteristics. 1) Basic spaces that constitute the senior center in Japan are meeting room, lecture room, library, multipurpose meeting room, conference room, game-recreation room, kitchen, lounge, locker room and office. ADL, kitchen, relaxing room, private bathroom, and special bathroom are needed for adult day care as establishments as an annex and work room is also required for Job training. 2) The area of a senior center is calculated in consideration of its space organization that are required as basic. For the type "A", minimum area of 1,256.42 $m^2$2 and maximum area of 2,050.56$m^2$ and for the type "B", minimum area of 812000$m^2$ and maximum area of 1,604.14$m^2$ are suggested as optimum areas. 3) The circulation planning is presented by the connected between the space organization as well as the circulation system in day care center.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2009

The ratio of old persons among the total population is rapidly increasing and the apartment has become to the representative housing type in Korea. This means that many old persons would live in multi-family houses. Therefore the study was intended to examine the preferred characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family house by the aged. The characteristics were the number and usage of bedroom, necessity and type of dress room, type of living room, arrangement of work centers in kitchen, LDK type, the number and layout of bathroom, and type of entrance and balcony. The subjects were 122 old persons who lived in multi-family houses in Ulsan. The individual interview was carried out for collecting the data. The results were as the followings; The characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family houses preferred by the elderly were three bedroom, two bathroom, DK or LDK type, open planned living room, L shape arrangement of kitchen work center, entrance connected directly to outdoor space such as elevator hall or corridor, and the balcony located in front of living room and at the back of small bedroom. Even thouth the average age of population has increased, many apartments still be planned and provided without consideration of old persons. This study would contribute to plan the multi-family houses for the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.102-110
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• 2018

The study analyzed the effects of the floor plan characteristics on the apartment price under the national housing size in 3 Gangnam districts for decades, the primary apartment markets in Korea. The analysis showed that the storage spaces such as kitchen, warehouses and dressage rooms have a positive effect on the price. Especially, the highly opened space with three-side open plan and the one with the unified type of livingroom, diningroom and kitchen have shown the strong effect on the price. For the kitchen spaces, the I-shaped kitchen tends to be more expensive while a centered living room has a positive effect on the price. These findings have an academic significance as the direct effects of plan characteristics on price has been examined unlike prior research focused on the analysis of trend, basic statistics, and satisfaction level. It is noteworthy that these research finding has identified the productive implication for the future floor plan design and pricing and also be implemented in the purchasing decision making by buyers in the housing market.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2019

Experimental studies using an open cone calorimeter were conducted to provide information on the CO and soot yields of wood combustibles required for a kitchen fire simulation of PBD. A total of eight specimens were examined for medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particle board (PB), which are used widely in kitchen furniture production, depending on the water content, surface processing method, and surface color. The thermal penetration time related to the fire spread rate in the depth direction differed significantly according to the surface processing treatment method, even for a specimen of identical thickness. The CO yield ($y_{CO}$) of the MDF and PB series did not change significantly according to the combustion mode and surface treatment process in flaming mode. On the other hand, $y_{CO}$ was approximately 10 times higher in smoldering mode than in flaming mode. The soot yield ($y_{soot}$), however, varied considerably depending on the combustion mode and surface treatment process. In particular, a higher $y_{soot}$ was found in flaming mode and in the surface-treated specimens. Finally, the $y_{CO}$ and $y_{soot}$ of MDF and PB measured for the kitchen fire simulation of PBD were applied.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.85-96
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• 1997

This study attempts to find out the users' attitudes regarding interior design(for finishing, moods, and elements of interior design) and suggests the attitude model of interior design for the apartments, For this purpose, a field survey has been carried out with 321 households living in the apartments in Pusan. The relationships between the residents' characteristics and their attitudes toward interior design were examined in view of developing more diverse interior design alternatives for the apartments. The major findings are as follows: 1. Most residents in the apartments are interested in making diversified dwelling units and want to have diverse interior design alternatives. 2. The users' attitudes regarding interior design are significantly different according to the function of each room(master bedroom, living room kitchen, and bath room) and the household characteristics(age of housewife. income, and family life-cycle). 3. The attitude models of interior design are suggested as 3 types(6 models)according to residents' housing area and income.These findings could be used as useful data for developing diverse design alternatives to correspond with users' preferences.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.135-144
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• 2017

In addition to the well-known 'Frankfurt Kitchen', Austrian female architect Margarette $Sch{\ddot{u}}tte-Lihotzky^{\prime}s$ architectural achievements include a study on the housing for working class, contribution to the resident participation movement, the planning of multi-family housing complexes, rational floor plan design, and the design and study of interior spaces. The purpose of this study is to investigate how she, who played intermediate roles between an architect and a social reformer, reflected social issues and the demands of living on the housing plans in the Red Wien era and to discuss diverse issues of modern residential planning furthermore. In this study, first, the housing situation in Vienna immediately after World War I was grasped and the architectural and housing discourses at that time were examined. Thereafter, cases of $Sch{\ddot{u}}tte-Lihotzky^{\prime}s$ works were investigated and analyzed. In the period of transition to modern times, the concepts of residential planning of $Sch{\ddot{u}}tte-Lihotzky$, who began as a social democratic architect, often showed transitional tendencies in private and public functions of housing, spatial distribution for the daily life, and functions of modern family and home. However, thereafter, the paradigm of the rationalism-functionalism was already sprouting from her architectural and residential plans. In conclusion, it can be said that the works of $Sch{\ddot{u}}tte-Lihotzky$ has realized the social responsibility of residential planning and become a cornerstone of the later modern housing.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.116-124
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find out the spatial characteristics of the multi-housing units in Seoul and Kyung-gi area since 2006. Literature review and content analysis were used for this study and 82units of the big size over $165m^2$ were analyzed to review such design characteristics as spatial composition, layout and linkage. Through this study, the following conclusions have been reached; 1) Most unit plans had 4LDK and 3bath types including family room as a public space. This results shows that family-room and bathroom has recently become more important than number of rooms in multi-housing units planning. 2) Diversity of plan figures such as mass-mixing, mass-separation and polygons(L, V-type)was showed in most unit plan, breaking from the standardized forms of box types. 3) Intermediated spaces such as foyers and halls in entrance zone were planned and sub-entrance into kitchen were planned for the various types of circulation and work-efficiency. Cases had private space separated from public space, the dispersion of rooms with the increase of connection by corridors, L-DK meaning the living room isolated from the dining and kitchen, partially located living room for a view in area distribution. The spatial planning of master-zone mostly consists of the types of two-rooms and an entry into a foyer(library, dress-powder room, bathroom and master bedroom). This study has a significant meaning on grasping current trend in Korean multi-housing and to provide information for future direction on housing-unit design.

• Journal of the FoodService Safety
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2021

Concerns regarding work and food safety in foodservice operations are growing. The purpose of the study is to suggest guidelines for designing foodservice facilities, including school foodservices and Korean restaurants. A case of a franchise restaurant specializing in a Korean food item, Seolleongtang, was used to explain the facility design. The contents of the manual included ways to determine space allocation, calculate the application of utilities and the diameters of supply utility pipelines, and suggestions on how to decide on air conditioning equipment. The standards of the American Gas Association and the Japan Foodservice Equipment Association (JFEA) were applied to design the restaurant space. The JFEA standards and knowledge based on experience and statistics were applied to calculate the usage of utilities like fuel and water. The standards of JFEA and the Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Sanitary Engineers of Japan were applied to calculate the diameters of the water supply and drainage pipelines. For the setting of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, three ways to carry out the calculation of effective ventilation were explained, as well as options to dicide the standard parameters of the duct and ventilation fans. This manual can contribute to the design of effective and efficient foodservice facilities and help secure the work safety of foodservice employees thereby ensuring food safety.