• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.22-22
• /
• 2018

Based on medicinal plant references from Vietnam, 1884 flowering plant species (194 families, 956 genera) can be used to treat 30 diseases or have 4 valuable uses such as Tranquillizer, Detoxify, Galactopoietic and Diuretic. 23 species (15 families, 18 genera) for Tranquillizer, 94 species (50 families, 79 genera) for Vaginitis, 18 species (13 families, 15 genera) for Paralytic, 6 species (6 families, 6 genera) for Obese, 60 species (28 families, 50 genera) for Flu, 63 species (37 families, 56 genera) for Eyesore, 96 species (45 families, 77 genera) for Toothache, 97 species, (50 families, 86 genera) for Detoxify, 18 species (18 families, 18 genera) for Syphilis, 80 species (50 families, 71 genera) for Asthma, 17 species (8 families, 11 genera) for HIV AIDS, 56 species (41 families, 54 genera) for Gonorrhoea, 378 species (108 families, 56 genera) for Dysentery, 31 species (22 families, 29 genera) for Galactopoietic, 131 species (69 families, 116 genera) for Diuretic, 11 species (9 families, 9 genera) for Mump, 737 species (129 families, 626 genera) for "Snack bite", 23 species (18 families, 22 genera) for Urolithiasis, 134 species (56 families, 122 genera) for Malaria, 462 species (113 families, 323 genera) for Rheumatism, 55 species (34 families, 49 genera) for Diabetes, 87 species (42 families, 70 genera) for Heart and blood pressure diseases, 70 species (46 families, 63 genera) for Haemorrhoids, 21 species (16 families, 20 genera) for Cancer, 42 species (27 families, 38 genera) for Gastritis, 154 species (66 families, 129 genera) for Hepatitis, 5 species (5 families, 5 genera) for Keratitis, 81 species (42 families, 75 genera) for Sore throat, 11 families (9 families, 11 genera) for Encephalitis, 72 species (41 families, 66 genera) for Nephritis, 10 species (6 families, 8 genera) for Sinusitis, 22 species (17 families, 20 genera) for Sterile, 19 species (14 families, 17 genera) for Cirrhosis, 3 species (3 families, 3 genera) for Brain hemorrhage. Each species can be used to treat some diseases. The information of species can be used to orient researches fast and effectively.

• 대한바이러스학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1998

To establish in vivo antiviral evaluation system by using murine herpesvirus intracerebral infection model, 5-6 female BALB/c mice per group aged 5 weeks were inoculated i.c. into cerebrum with different inocular HSV-1 F. Signs of clinical disease noted everyday for one month. Observed were body weight decrease, neurological signs and death caused by encephalitis. Mice discontinued body weight decrease were recovered from the disease, and keratitis was often observed during recovery. The groups inoculated with higher than 1,000 PFU showed 100% mortaltiy and $LD_{50}$ was <100 PFU/mouse. To study the effect of virus inoculum sizes on antiviral effect of acyclovir (ACV), mice inoculated with different inocula were administered i.p. with different doses of ACV immediately after infection, and twice a day for 5 days. The higher inculum size, the less protective. $ED_{50}$ of ACV was >25, >25, 18.4 and 8.0 mg/kg b.i.d. in the group infected with 1,000,000, 100,000, 10,000 and 1,000 PFU/mouse, respectively. $LD_{50}$ of ACV was 62.5 mg/kg b.i.d. Therapeutic index of ACV was <2.5, <2.5, 3.0 and 7.0 in the groups with inocula 1,000,000, 100,000, 10,000 and 1,000 PFU/mouse, respectively. Inoculum size 1,000 PFU/mouse showing 100% mortaltiy and 5-6 days mean time to death, 5 days drug administration and 14 days observation will be future experimental conditions.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2017

Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are distributed worldwide. They are causative agents of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis or acanthamoebic keratitis in humans, respectively. Trophozoites encyst in unfavorable environments, such as exhausted food supply and desiccation. Until recently, the method of N. fowleri encystation used solid non-nutrient agar medium supplemented with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli; however, for the amoebic encystment of Acanthamoeba spp., a defined, slightly modified liquid media is used. In this study, in order to generate pure N. fowleri cysts, a liquid encystment medium (buffer 1) modified from Page's amoeba saline was applied for encystation of N. fowleri. N. fowleri cysts were well induced after 24 hr with the above defined liquid encystment medium (buffer 1). This was confirmed by observation of a high expression of differential mRNA of nfa1 and actin genes in trophozoites. Thus, this liquid medium can replace the earlier non-nutrient agar medium for obtaining pure N. fowleri cysts. In addition, for cyst formation of Acanthamoeba spp., buffer 2 (adjusted to pH 9.0) was the more efficient medium. To summarize, these liquid encystment media may be useful for further studies which require axenic and pure amoebic cysts.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 1999

In order to refer to the basic information regarding the identification of isolates obtained from a contact lens container in Korea, the isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis was employed to compare the isoenzyme band patterns among Acanthamoeba spp. including eight isolates and the simple pairwise dissimilarity analysis was carried out. For an alkaline phosphate development, isolate 7 and Acanthamoeba polyphaga showed homologous band patterns, and isolates 1, 2, and 3 showed the same patterns. For lactate dehydrogenase, similar patterns were observed in isolates 2 and 3. Isolates 3 and 5 showed homologous band patterns for malate dehydrogenase and glucose phosphate isomerase. For hexokinase, isolates 4, 7, and A. hatchetti showed the same band patterns. In others, a considerable number of interstrain polymorphisms was observed in nine isoenzyme band patterns. In Acanthamoeba group II, genetic distances among isolates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ranged from 0.104 to 0.200. In comparison to A. castellanii, A. hatchetti, and A. poIyphaga, genetic distances of isolates 7 and 8 were 0.254 and 0.219, respectively. In Acanthamoeba group III, including A. culbertsoni, A. healyi, and A. royreba, isolate 6 had genetic distances which ranged from 0.314 to 0.336. Finally, when comparing to the six reference Acanthamoeba, it was possible to classify isolates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, as genetically close-related species and as independent species group. Furthermore, isolates 6, 7 and 8 were identified as independent species as well.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.743-749
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Many researches about various surgical method for blepharoptosis have already been introduced. But researches for complications after blepharoptosis correction is relatively insufficient. So, this study was performed to recognize common complications that arised depending on the severity of blepharoptosis, levator function and surgical method. Methods: 250 patients who have underwent surgical treatment for blepharoptosis from 1987 to 2006 were employed in this study. Patients were categorized by severity of blepharoptosis, levator function and surgical method that has been used. Complications after blepharoptosis correction were analyzed. Result: Total of 64 patients had occurred complications, the specifics are as following; undercorrection 22, asymmetry 13, overcorrection 12, lagophthalmos 4, abnormal eyelid contour 4, exposure keratitis 3, ectropion 2, inclusion cyst 2, infection 1 and conjunctival prolapse 1. Among above patients, 3 patients had two kinds of complications. 21 patients was underwent secondary surgery due to complication. Conclusion: Evaluating the outcomes of the secondary surgery, the early correction was better than the late correction. The most of the complications were recovered through conservative and surgical treatments. The most of the complications (47 patients) were undercorrection, asymmetry, overcorrection and took 73.4% of the total complications. The more severe the blepharoptosis and the more poor the levator function, the rate of complications were higher. According to the operation methods, most complications were occurred in levator operation, frontalis transfer and OOM flap.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.103-107
• /
• 2009

The genus Acanthamoeba can cause severe infections such as granulomatous amebic encephalitis and amebic keratitis in humans. However, little genomic information of Acanthamoeba has been reported. Here, we constructed Acanthamoeba expressed sequence tags (EST) database (Acanthamoeba EST DB) derived from our 4 kinds of Acanthamoeba cDNA library. The Acanthamoeba EST DB contains 3,897 EST generated from amebae under various conditions of long term in vitro culture, mouse brain passage, or encystation, and downloaded data of Acanthamoeba from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Taxonomically Broad EST Database (TBestDB). The almost reported eDNA/genomic sequences of Acanthamoeba provide stand alone BLAST system with nucleotide (BLAST NT) and amino acid (BLAST AA) sequence database. In BLAST results, each gene links for the significant information including sequence data, gene orthology annotations, relevant references, and a BlastX result. This is the first attempt for construction of Acanthamoeba database with genes expressed in diverse conditions. These data were integrated into a database (http://www. amoeba.or.kr).

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2010

A 13-year-old neutered female Maltese was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University with 8-month-history of gradually enlarging retrobulbar mass in the right eye. On the ophthalmic examinations, exophthalmos, exposure keratitis, and cataract were observed, and menace response was absent in the eye. The fellow eye was normal except for nuclear sclerosis. On the ocular ultrasonographic evaluation, a mass was identified in retrobulbar and periocular region in the right eye. Exenteration was performed in order to remove the mass. Histopathologic evaluation revealed that most part of the mass was composed of epithelial-like neoplastic cells. Invasion into adipose cells and osseous metaplasia around the mass were also confirmed. Based on the radiologic and histopathologic examination, the mass in the right eye was diagnosed as primary retrobulbar meningioma. Eleven months after the surgery, recurrence was not observed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.93-119
• /
• 2004

Acanthamoeba and Naegleria are widely distributed in fresh water, soil and dust throughout the world, and cause meningoencephalitis or keratoconjunctivitis in humans and other mammals. Korean isolates, namely, Naegleria sp. YM-1 and Acanthamoeba sp. YM-2, YM-3, YM-4, YM-5, YM-6 and YM-7, were collected from sewage, water puddles, a storage reservoir, the gills of a fresh water fish, and by corneal washing. These isolates were categorized into three groups based on the mortalities of infected mice namely, highly virulent (YM-4), moderately virulent (YM-2, YM-5 and YM-7) and nonpathogenic (YM-3). In addition, a new species of Acanthamoeba was isolated from a freshwater fish in Korea and tentatively named Korean isolate YM-4. The morphologic characters of its cysts were similar to those of A. culbertsoni and A. royreba, which were previously designated as Acanthamoeba group III. Based on experimentally infected mouse mortality, Acanthamoeba YM-4 was highly virulent. The isoenzymes profile of Acanthamoeba YM-4 was similar to that of A. royreba. Moreover, an anti-Acanthamoeba YM-4 monoclonal anti-body reacted only with Acanthamoeba YM-4, and not with A. culbertsoni. Random amplified polymorphic DNA marker analysis and RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA and of a 188 small subunit ribosomal RNA, placed Acanthamoeba YM-4 in a separate cluster based on phylogenic distances. Thus Acanthamoeba YM-4 was identified as a new species, and assigned Acanthamoeba sohi. Up to the year 2002 in Korea, two clinical cases were found to be infected with Acanthamoeba spp. These patients died of meningoencephalitis. In addition, one case of Acanthamoeba pneumonia with an immunodeficient status was reported and Acanthamoeba was detected in several cases of chronic relapsing corneal ulcer, chronic conjunctivitis, and keratitis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.88-92
• /
• 2019

A 6-month-old male thoroughbred foal with melting ulcer after left eye trauma was referred to Equine Hospital of Jeju National University. The left eye did not respond to the menace reflex test. Bacteria were not observed on corneal smear and culture test, and fluorescein staining revealed corneal injury. Subpalpebral Lavage (SPL) catheter was installed through the upper left eyelid. And the antibiotics, mydriatic and antifungal agents were administered using SPL. In addition, temporary tarsorrhaphy was performed and a hard cup hood was applied. After 2 weeks, the temporary tarsorrhaphy was removed and severe corneal neovascularization was found. On the 39th day of treatment, the left eye was responding to the menace reflex test and granular tissue formation was confirmed in the ulcer area. During the 2 months follow-up, we found that the granulation tissues decreased significantly. This case report describes a successful recovery of severe melting ulcers in a foal by intensive treatment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.118-133
• /
• 2023

Background: Free-living amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed in freshwater, seawater, soil, and extreme environments, and play a critical role as feeders on diverse preys in the ecosystem. Also, some FLA can become opportunistic pathogens in animals including humans. The taxa Amoebozoa and Heterolobosea are important amoeboid groups associated with human pathogens. However, the identification and habitat of amoebae belonging to Amoebozoa and Heterolobosea remain poorly reported in the Republic of Korea. This study highlights the first record for identification and source of four amoebae including putative pathogens in the Republic of Korea. Results: In the present study, four previously reported FLA were isolated from freshwaters in Sangju Gonggeomji Reservoir (strain GO001), one of the largest reservoirs during the Joseon Dynasty period, and along the Nakdong River, the largest river in the Republic of Korea (strains NR5-2, NR12-1, and NR14-1) for the first time. Microscopic observations and 18S rDNA phylogenetic trees revealed the four isolated strains to be Acanthamoeba polyphaga (strains NR5-2 and NR12-1), Tetramitus waccamawensis (strain GO001), and Naegleria australiensis (strain NR14-1). Strains NR5-2 and NR12-1 might be the same species and belonged to the morphological Group 2 and the T4 genotype of Acanthamoeba. Strain GO001 formed a clade with T. waccamawensis in 18S rDNA phylogeny, and showed morphological characteristics similar to previously recorded strains, although the species' flagellate form was not observed. Strain NR14-1 had the typical morphology of Naegleria and formed a strongly supported clade with previously recorded strains of N. australiensis in phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences. Conclusions: On the bases of morphological and molecular analyses, four strains of FLA were newly observed and classified in the Republic of Korea. Three strains belonging to the two species (A. polyphaga and N. australiensis) isolated from the Nakdong River have the potential to act as opportunistic pathogens that can cause fatal diseases (i.e. granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, Acanthamoeba Keratitis, and meningoencephalitis) in animals including humans. The Nakdong River in the Republic of Korea may provide a habitat for potentially pathogenic amoebae, but additional research is required to confirm the true pathogenicity of these FLA now known in the Republic of Korea.