• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2015

Background: Construction activity has made considerable breakthroughs in the past two decades on the back of increases in development activities, government policies, and public demand. At the same time, occupational health and safety issues have become a major concern to construction organizations. The unsatisfactory safety performance of the construction industry has always been highlighted since the safety management system is neglected area and not implemented systematically in Indian construction organizations. Due to a lack of enforcement of the applicable legislation, most of the construction organizations are forced to opt for the implementation of Occupational Health Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001 to improve safety performance. Methods: In order to better understand factors influencing the implementation of OHSAS 18001, an interpretive structural modeling approach has been applied and the factors have been classified using matrice d'impacts croises-multiplication $appliqu{\acute{e}}$ a un classement (MICMAC) analysis. The study proposes the underlying theoretical framework to identify factors and to help management of Indian construction organizations to understand the interaction among factors influencing in implementation of OHSAS 18001. Results: Safety culture, continual improvement, morale of employees, and safety training have been identified as dependent variables. Safety performance, sustainable construction, and conducive working environment have been identified as linkage variables. Management commitment and safety policy have been identified as the driver variables. Conclusion: Management commitment has the maximum driving power and the most influential factor is safety policy, which states clearly the commitment of top management towards occupational safety and health.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.52-65
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• 2006

Sling exercises therapy can speak as appliable comprehensive exercises therapy technique efficiently in general exercise field for injured worker's rehabilitation process and health improvement patient or athlete, injury or disease that have pain or dysfunction to neuromuscular system using that shake. At 1990 an early stage, because physical therapist and doctors of medical treatment developed country norway of north europe cooperate sling exercises therapy's concept trend spreading worldwide establishing theory newly based on scientific basic be. Musculoskeletal system, old man and young child's nervous system injurer's treatment and exercise and industry worker's rehabilitation process, athlete's rehabilitation etc. several fields introduced in early 2000s to Korea apply. Sling exercises therapy neuromuscular system disease continuous abatement as general concept of active exercise and treatment that use sling exercises equipment by purpose know can. This review article wishes to introduce about neuromuscular activation, "Neurac" technique that can speak as step developed more concept based on application principle etc, of basic sling exercises effort's change by suspension point's change that is concept, stability exercises principle, open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises. Arranged about Plateau potential's characteristic and working mechanism and Neurac technique's application method that can say as Neurac technique's neuro-physiologic base, and presented treatment method of lumbar part disease and cervical part, shoulder joint part disease to application example. Because plateau potential forward player that induce using Neurac technique in part muscles that act role that keep spine surrounding stability in this article keeps muscle's contraction continuously, between global and local muscles, presented several study findings that can cause affirmative change in insufficient muscle adjustment state such as imbalance of muscles' action order. Expect that case studies that use this Neurac technique here after consist continuously.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2016

In model-based testing using sequence diagrams, test cases are automatically derived from the sequence diagrams. For the generation of test cases, scenarios need to be found for representing as a sequence diagram, and to extract test paths satisfying the test coverage. However, it is hard to automatically extract test paths from the sequence diagram because a sequence diagram represents loop, opt, and alt information using CombinedFragments. To resolve this problem, we propose a transformation process that transforms a sequence diagram into an activity diagram which represents scenarios as a type of control flows. In addition, we generate test cases from the activity diagram by applying a test coverage concept. Finally, we present a case study for test cases generation from a sequence diagram.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 1977

As a study on the acid protease production by Rhizopus japonicus S-62, the culture conditions for the enzyme production and characteristics of the crude enzyme were investigated. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The optimum conditions for solid culture on wheat bran were 48 hrs of culture period and $100{\sim}120%$ addition of tap water. 2. Of the several media, wheat bran medium was the most excellent in the enzyme production. 3. The addition of sucrose, fructose, $NH_4Cl$ and $NaH_2PO_4$ on wheat bran, respectively, increased largely the enzyme production. 4. The optimum pH for the enzyme action was pH $2.4{\sim}2.6$, the optimum temperature was about $40^{\circ}C$, and the stable pH range was $pH\;2.5{\sim}5.0$, the enzyme was stable below $40^{\circ}C$ and was inactivated abruptly above $40^{\circ}C$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 1997

Series of new chiral N-substituted benzotriazol-1-yl derivatives were synthesized and their fungicidal activities in vitro against gray mold(Botrytis cinerea), black spot(Alternaria kikuchiana) and phytophthora blight(Phytophthora capsici) were measured by the agar medium dilution method. The substituents effects between the fungicidal activities (obs. $pI_{50}$) and a various physicochemical parameters of phenoxy or thiophenoxy group(X) & alkyl or phenyl group(Y) were analyzed by the multiple regression technique. From the analyzed substituent effects, the structure-activity relationship(SAR) equations shows that the antifungal activities depend on the parameters for the optimal molecular hydrophobicity($({\Sigma}logP)_{opt}$), Van der Waals (${\Sigma}Vw$>0) volume(${\AA}^3$) and inductive constant with electron withdrawing group(${\sigma}_I$,Y>0). The activity in affected by the inductive effect (${\sigma}_I$,Y>${\sigma}_g$X) of Y-group rather than the X-group. The phenoxy substituents, 1, showed higher antifungal activity tn the thiophenoxy substituents, 2. For 1, polar substituent constant(${\sigma}^*$) was an important factor in determining the activity. And the tribromomethyl substituent, 1g showed the highest activity against the tee fungi.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2007

To search for a molecular design of a new breast cancerous inhibitory active compound, 2D-QSAR and HQSAR between the substituents of flavopiridol analogues as substrates and their breast cancerous inhibitory activities against MCF-7 cell were analyzed and discussed quantitatively. It was found that the dispersion with molecule and steric hindrance with substituents will have a tremendous impact on the inhibitory activities from the 2D-QSAR model (1). Also, MR constant is better than that of MS constant as animportant factor. The inhibitory activities from 2D-QSAR model (2) were dependent upon the optimum MR constant (MR = 126 $Cm^3/mol$). Optimized HQSAR model (V) exhibited the best predictability of the inhibitory activities based on the cross-validated $r^2_{cv}$($q^2$= 0.583) and non-cross-validated conventional coefficient ($r^2_{ncv}$= 0.982). From the contribution maps, the inhibitory activity by the imino group on $C_9$ atom was higher than that of the hydroxyl group of $C_8$ atom on the A ring in molecule. Therefore, we can confirm that the dispersion by substituents in molecule is the most important factor in inhibitory activities against MCF-7 cell.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2010

In order to interpret yield response of sugar beet to nitrogen fertilizer, and pig manure compost in saline-sodic soil of reclaimed tidal land, 4 kinds of response model, i.e., quadratic, exponential, square root, and linear response, and plateau model, are applied. The root fresh yield of sugar beet decreased exponentially with the increase of soil EC. The root fresh yield of sugar beet to nitrogen fertilizer was fitted best to the linear response, and plateau model among 4 yield response models with highly significant determination coefficient ($R^2=0.92^{**}$). The optimum N rate determined on the model was 138 kg N $ha^{-1}$. The root fresh yield of sugar beet to pig manure compost was fitted best to the quadratic model among 4 yield response models with highly significant determination coefficient ($R^2=0.99^{**}$). The maximum N rate determined on the model was 9.17 ton $ha^{-1}$. In conclusion, the proper model to interpret the yield of sugar beet in saline-sodic soil differs with the kinds of nutrient, linear response, and plateau model for fertilizer nitrogen, and quadratic model to pig manure compost.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2017

The prolonged economic slowdown has forced many youths to opt for starting a business instead of seeking employment. Universities have shown their interest in startup training by opening startup courses and encouraging relevant student communities, while at the same time helping their students land a job. Along with this, the government has been implementing various policies through creative economy and youth startup initiatives, but the resulting quantitative growth has not been supported by a commensurate level of qualitative growth and this has created problems on the supplier side, such as by producing redundant functions and roles in multiple projects and inefficient investment. This study, which aims at proposing a direction towards more active support and thus helping the government achieve qualitative accomplishments that can match its effort in terms of quantitative growth, analyzes the current status of startup support of universities in Korea by examining the data regarding training programs and projects, and highlights the issues stemming from startup organizations in colleges. It also suggests solutions for improving in-college startup training and establishing an interlinked system among the relevant bodies in and out of college, with the hope that the results and alternatives proposed in this study will be utilized as the basis for more active student startup support activities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 1983

This paper is concerned with the permeability through a decomposed granite soil layer which is influnced by change of grain sizes and crushed soils made by varied compaction energy. The change in the content of crushed soils can be described in terms of the ratio of surface area ($S_w{^{\prime}}/S_w $). The experiments were carried out to obtain the relationships of the coefficient of permeability(K) versus the optimum moisture content($w_{opt}$) by the variable head permeability test with the samples that were preapared by compaction test. The results are found as follows; (1) By the change in compaction energy, the crush ratio increased whereas the void ratio decreased with a larger maximum dry density running in parallel with the zero air void curve. (2) The ratio of surface area was $0.33(P)^{0.96}$ in $S_w{^{\prime}}/S_w $ with no relation to the compaction energy. (3) The grain size which produced the largest crush of soil particles ranged from 0.5 to 1 millimetre (4) The relationship of K versus $e^3$/1+e appeared as a straight line on the full-log-scale paper under the optimum moisture state. (5) As the compaction energy was larger, the passing percentage of #200-sieve grains increased linearly. The increment in the surface area ratio was deemed to have been caused by the decreased in the permeability.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.537-543
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• 2013

In this study, the push-pull structure polymer for organic photo voHaics (OPVs) was synthesized and characterized. The poly{4,8-didodecyloxybenzo[1,2-b;3,4-b]dithiophene-alt-5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]-thiadiazole} (PDBDT-TBTD) was synthesized by Stille coupling reaction using the benzothiadiazole (BTD) derivative as an electron acceptor and benzodithiophene (BDT) derivative as an electron donor. The structure of monomers and polymers was identified by $^1H-NMR$ and GC-MS. The optical, physical and electrochemical properties of the conjugated polymer were identified by GPC, TGA, UV-Vis and cyclic voltammetry. The number average molecular weight ($M_n$) and initial decomposition temperature (5% weight loss temperature, $T_d$) of PDBDT-TBTD were 6200 and $323^{\circ}C$, respectively. The absorption maxima on the film was about 599 nm and the optical band gap was about 1.70 eV. The structure of device was ITO/PEDOT : PSS/PDBDT-TBTD : $PC_{71}BM/BaF_2/Ba/Al$. PDBDT-TBTD and $PC_{71}BM$ were blended with the weight ratio of 1:2 which were then used as an optical active layer. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of fabricated device was measured by solar simulator and the best PCE was 2.1%.