• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.811-817
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 손목관절 CT 검사에서 환자 자세를 X-축, Y-축으로 변화시키고 CT 검사장치의 channel 변화에 따른 MTF 평가를 하는 것이다. CT 장치와 손목 팬텀을 이용하여 isocenter를 중심으로 X-축으로 0(일치), 5, 10, 15 cm 이동시켜 검사하고, Z-축은 반시계 방향으로 -20°, -40° 회전하여 검사하였다. 검사는 16, -40, 64 channel을 이용하여 channel 별 차이가 있는지도 확인하고자 하였다. 검사한 영상은 자뼈와 좌우측 노뼈의 MTF 값을 측정하여 비교하였다. isocenter를 중심으로 X-축으로 이동시킨 실험에서 이동 거리가 커질수록 MTF 값은 감소하였고, 이때 MTF 값은 channel과는 무관한 것으로 확인되었다. Z-축에서 반시계 방향으로 -20°, -40° 손목관절을 회전시킨 실험에서 회전정도와 MTF는 무관한 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 channel과도 무관하였다. 결론적으로 손목관절 CT 검사에서 손목은 X-축 방향으로 이동을 최대한 억제시키고, Z-축으로의 회전은 검사 대상자의 환경에 따라 변화하여도 영상의 MTF에는 큰 영향을 주지 않을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2016

Objective: This purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between dimensionless leg stiffness and kinetic variables during gait performance, and its modulation with body weight. Method: The study sample consisted of 10 young women divided into 2 groups (Control, n=5 and Obese, n=5). Four camcorders (HDR-HC7/HDV 1080i, Sony Corp, Japan) and one force plate (AMTI., USA) were used to analyze the vertical ground reaction force (GRF) variables, center of pressure (COP), low limb joint angle, position of pelvis center and leg lengths during the stance phase of the gait cycle. Results: Our results revealed that the center of mass (COM) displacement velocity along the y-axis was significantly higher in the obese group than that in control subjects. Displacement in the position of the center of the pelvis center (Z-axis) was also significantly higher in the obese group than that in control subjects. In addition, the peak vertical force (PVF) and dimensionless leg stiffness were also significantly higher in the obese group. However, when normalized to the body weight, the PVF did not show a significant between-group difference. When normalized to the leg length, the PVF and stiffness were both lower in the obese group than in control subjects. Conclusion: In the context of performance, we concluded that increased dimensionless leg stiffness during the gait cycle is associated with increased velocity of COM, PVF, and the change in leg lengths (%).

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2023

This study aimed to exploring the pathophysiological mechanism of 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-DHC) in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. 7α,25-DHC accelerated the proteoglycan loss in ex vivo organ-cultured articular cartilage explant. It was mediated by the decreasing extracellular matrix major components, including aggrecan and type II collagen, and the increasing expression and activation of degenerative enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and -13, in chondrocytes cultured with 7α,25-DHC. Furthermore, 7α,25-DHC promoted caspase-dependent chondrocyte death via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Moreover, 7α,25-DHC upregulated the expression of inflammatory factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E₂, via the production of reactive oxygen species via increase of oxidative stress in chondrocytes. In addition, 7α,25-DHC upregulated the expression of autophagy biomarkers, including beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 via the modulation of p53-Akt-mTOR axis in chondrocytes. The expression of CYP7B1, caspase-3, and beclin-1 was elevated in the degenerative articular cartilage of mouse knee joint with OA. Taken together, our findings suggest that 7α,25-DHC is a pathophysiological risk factor of OA pathogenesis that is mediated a chondrocyte death via oxiapoptophagy, which is a mixed mode of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.905-914
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• 2008

이 연구는 Ka대역 HDTV 위성방송서비스를 제공할 때 발생하는 강우감쇠 문제를 해결하기 위하여, MPEG-4 SVC (Scalable Video Coding) 신호를 JSCC (Joint Source/Channel Coding) 시스템을 통하여 Ka대역 위성방송시스템에 적용하는 방안에 대하여 고찰하였다. Ka대역 위성방송시스템은 DVB-S2 VCM (Variable Coding and Modulation) 모드를 기반으로 하였으며, SVC 신호는 공간 계위층, 화질 계위층 및 시간 계위층을 고려하였다. JSCC 시스템은 모든 계층의 소스부호화 시스템과 채널부호화 시스템을 결합하여, 최적의 수신품질을 얻도록 각 계층의 비트 율과 그 계층에서의 소스와 채널을 위한 비트 율을 할당하였다. 계층 수는 기본계층과 향상계층을 포함하는 2개로 제한하였으며, 각 계층에 대한 비트 율은 적용 SVC 신호에 따라 영향을 받는다. 세 가지 SVC 신호의 Ka대역 위성방송서비스에의 적용성을 강우감쇠관점에서 분석하였으며, 가장 적용성이 우수한 SVC 신호를 이용하여 Ka대역 위성방송서비스에 적용하는 방안이 고찰되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.453-462
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• 2020

Chronic joint pain due to loss of cartilage function, degradation of subchondral bone, and related conditions are common plights of an arthritis patient. Antioxidant compounds could solve the problems in arthritic condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. D-carvone was orally administered for 25 days at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg against CFA-induced arthritic rats. Changes in body weight, paw swelling, organ index, hematological parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology were recorded. Oral treatment of D-carvone significantly improved the body weight, reduced the paw swelling, edema formation, and organ index in arthritic rats. The levels of white blood cells were reduced, red blood cells and hemoglobin levels were improved in D-carvone treated arthritic rats. Lipid peroxidation levels were lowered whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly elevated by D-carvone administration against arthritic rats. D-carvone significantly modulated inflammatory cytokine levels and improved the ankle joint pathology against CFA-induced arthritic inflammation. In conclusion, D-carvone proved significant anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis in rats.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.1051-1059
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• 2018

Fast periodic pulsed reactor is a type of reactor in which the fission bursts are formed entirely with external reactivity modulation with a specified time periodicity. This type of reactors could generate much larger intensity of neutron beams for experimental use, compared with the steady state reactors. In the design of fast periodic pulsed reactors, the time dependent simulation of the power pulse is majorly based on a point kinetic model, which is known to have limitations. A more accurate calculation method is desired for the design analyses of fast periodic pulsed reactors. Monte Carlo computer code MCNP6 is used for this task due to its three dimensional transport capability with a continuous energy library. Some new routines were added to simulate the rotation of the movable reflector parts in the time dependent calculation. Fast periodic pulsed reactor IBR-2M was utilized to validate the new routines. This reactor is periodically in prompt supercritical state, which lasts for ${\sim}400{\mu}s$, during the equilibrium state. This generates long neutron fission chains, which requires tremendously large amount of computation time during Monte Carlo simulations. Russian Roulette was applied for these very long neutron chains in MCNP6 calculation, combined with other approaches to improve the efficiency of the simulations. In the power pulse of the IBR-2M at equilibrium state, there is some discrepancy between the experimental measurements and the calculated results using the point kinetics model. MCNP6 results matches better the experimental measurements, which shows the merit of using MCNP6 calculation relative to the point kinetics model.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권7A호
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• pp.738-745
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 비선형 특성을 갖는 고출력 증폭기(high power amplifier : HPA) 및 I/Q 진폭/위상 불균형과 위상 오류를 갖는 비이상적인 수신기가 고려된 APSK 뿐만 아니라 임의의 2차원 신호를 갖는 변조방식에 대한 오류 확률 표현을 유도하고, 그 표현의 수치적 결과로부터 비선형 특성 및 비 이상적인 특성이 오류 확률에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. HPA의 모델로는 가장 많이 사용되는 Saleh 모델을 적용하며, 한 신호점에서의 오류 확률 분석을 2차원 결합 가우시안 Q함수(2-dimensional joint Gaussian Q-function)의 표현으로 간편히 할 수 있는 방법을 통하여 정확한 오류 확률의 유도 및 분석을 수행한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2005

IL-17 is a major proinflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-lymphocytes that accumulates in the inflamed joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Additional IL-17-related molecules and their receptors have been discovered and may also contribute to RA pathogenesis. We examined the expression of the prototypic IL-17 (IL-17A) and its homologs, IL-17B-F, by RT-PCR analyses of synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients. We also tested for induction of the IL-17 receptor homologs upon stimulation of the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of RA patients with IL-17. The patients' SFMCs expressed IL-17C, E and F in addition to IL-17A. As in the case of IL-17, IL-15 appears to be the major inducer of these homologs in RA SFMCs. We detected transcripts of IL-17R, as well as those of IL-17RB, C and D, in the FLSs of RA patients. Whereas IL-17R expression increased upon in vitro stimulation with IL-17, expression of IL-17RB, C and D was unchanged. However the possibility of cross-interaction between other IL-17 homologs and receptor isoforms remains to be investigated. Our data suggest that these additional homologs should also be considered as targets for immune modulation in the treatment of RA joint inflammation.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.553-564
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 DS-CDMA 시스템의 성능 열화의 주요 원인인 다중 경로 페이딩이 존재하는 이동통신 채널 환경에서 성능 개선 기법으로 MRC 다이버시티 기법과 에러 정정 부호화 기법을 채용한 경우의 MFSK MDPSK/DS-CDMA 시스템의 성능 개선을 수치해석에 의해 정량적으로 분석하였다. 고려한 변조방식은 비동기식 MFSK와 MFSK에 기반한 MDPSK를 이용한 결합주파수 위상변조 방식이다. 결과에 의하면 MFSKM MDPSK/DS-CDMA 시스템과 기존의 MFSK/DS-CDMA와 MDPSK/DS-CDMA 시스댐을 비교하면 MFSK M MDPSK/DS-CDMA 시스댐의 성능이 우수함을 알았다. 또한. 나카가미 페이딩 환경하에서 MFSK-MDPSK/DS-CDMA 시스템은 다이버시티 가지수의 증가와 부호화의 이득에 의해 에러 성능이 향상되었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 LDPC에 근거한 semi-BICM 기법에 의해 다중 레벨 부호화(MLC)를 설계한다. 기존의 설계와는 다르게 그레이 매핑에 의해 MLC와 BICM을 결합함으로써 서로 다른 부호율(code rate)의 다수의 등가 채널상에서의 멀티미디어 데이터 전송이 가능하다. AWCN 채널용량에 매우 가까운 SNR에서 양호한 성능을 얻기 위해 랜덤 레귤러 LDPC 부호와 단순한 SA-LDPC 부호를 병렬 독립 복호가 가능한 MLC 부호로서 고찰하였다. 또한, 제안방식은 멀티미디어 통신시스템을 위한 전력 및 대역폭 효율을 얻을 수 있음을 수치해석 결과를 이용하여 나타내었다.