• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was to assess the prevalence and its correlates of restless legs syndrome(RLS) in outpatients with bipolar disorder. Methods : A total of 100 clinical stabilized bipolar outpatients were examined. The presence of RLS and its severity were assessed using the International Restless Legs Sydrome Study Group(IRLSSG) diagnostic criteria. Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI), Spielberg's State Anxiety Inventory(STAI-X-1), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Korean version Drug Attitude Inventory(KDAI-10), Subjective Well-Beings under Neuroleptic Treatment Scale-Short Form(SWN-K) and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS) were used to evaluate the depressive symptomatology, level of anxiety, subjective quality of sleep, subjective feeling of well-being, drug attitude, presence of akathisia, respectively. Results : Of the 100 bipolar outpatients, 7(7%) were met to full criteria of IRLSSG and 36(36%) have at least one of the 4 IRLSSG criterion. Because of relatively small sample size, non-parametric analysis were done to compare the characteristics among 3 groups(full-RLS, 1 ${\geq}$positive RLS-symptom and Non-RLS). There were no significant differences in sex, age, and other sociodemographic and clinical data among 3 groups. BDI, STAI-X-1 and PSQI are tended to be impaired in RLS and 1 ${\geq}$positive RLS-symptom groups. Conclusions : This is the first preliminary study for studying the prevalence and its correlates of RLS in bipolar disorder. The results shows that relatively small proportion of RLS was present in bipolar disorder patients when compared to patients with schizophrenia. Same tendencies shown in schizophrenic patients were found that bipolar patients with RLS had more depressive symptoms, state anxiety and poor subjective sleep quality. Further systematic studies may be needed to find the characteristics of RLS in bipolar patients.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.391-401
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• 2009

This paper presents a study of the strength and chloride penetration of blended Portland cement mortar containing ground palm oil fuel ash (POA) and ground river sand (GS). Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was partially replaced with POA and GS. Compressive strength, rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT) and chloride penetration depth of mortars were determined. The GS only asserted the packing effect and its incorporation reduced the strength and the resistance to chloride penetration of mortar. The POA asserted both packing and pozzolanic effects. The use of the blend of equal portion of POA and GS also produced high strength mortars, save cost and excellent resistance to chloride penetration owing to the synergic effect of the blend of POA and GS. For chloride depth, the mathematical model correlates well with the experimental results. The computer graphics of chloride depth of the ternary blended mortars are also constructed and can be used to aid the understanding and the proportioning of the blended system.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2009

Mathematical creativity is the most important factor for the advancement of mathematics. Only creative mind can produce creative results. But not much research work has been done in this direction. The present author has taken a scheme of developing a mathematical creativity test to identify creative children in mathematics and to find the relationships of psychoticism, neuroticism, intelligence, ability to achieve in mathematics and general creativity with mathematical creativity and their composite effect on it over a population of Bengali medium school students. In this approach, Bengali adaptation of English version of the "Verbal Test of Creative Thinking" by Mehdi [Mehdi, B. (1985). Manual of verbal test of creative thinking (revised edition). Agra, India: National Psychological Corporation.] has been completed. Works of adapting intelligence test, developing mathematical creativity test, adapting personality test in Bengali are in process. Relationships are to be found later.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.540-545
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare level of functional independence and its correlates among community-dwelling older adults in rural areas between South Korea and the United Sates. Methods: The study employed a comparative and correlational design. Data were collected from 198 community-dwelling older adults in rural areas (South Korea=100, & US = 98). Functional independence, cognitive function, obesity and general characteristics were measured. Results: From both countries, approximately fifteen percent of older adults living independently had cognitive problems without any treatments. Among Korean older adults functional independence was associated with a number of chronic diseases and aging while in the United States the participants had a negative correlation with obesity and aging. Conclusion: For Korean older adults in rural areas, nurses should focus on monitoring older adults' abilities to manage chronic illness and designing self-management programs while in the United States the focus should be on healthy lifestyle programs about exercise and diet to increase functional independence.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2002

Phonologically, the difference between the English stops /b, d, g/ and /p, t, k/ is carried by the presence or the absence of the vocal fold vibration throughout their oral closure phase. If phonology has its foundation in phonetics, there must be phonetic evidence for the voiced-voiceless distinction. This study is aimed to determine whether or not the voiced-voiceless distinction is acceptable or proper in English. The determination was based mainly on findings in the existing literature and in informal experiments. In conclusion, there is no phonetic evidence for the voiced-voiceless distinction both in production and perception. The [voice] appears to be one of potential phonetic correlates of the phonologically voiced stop. It is improper to use the [voice] as independent phonological marker, regardless of position (word-initial, intervocalic, word-final). A feature other than the voiced-voiceless feature must distinguish /b, d, g/ from /p, t, k/.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-147
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• 2002

As far as the recent ELT research concerned, it seems to have been no hot ‘theoretical’ issues, but ‘practical’ ones in general: e.g., learners and learning, components of proficiency, correlates of L2 learning, etc. This paper focuses on the theme given above, with a special reference to the sub-title: specifically, 1) World English, world Englishes and world's lingua franca; 2) ENL, ESL and EFL; 3) Grammars, style manuals, dictionaries and media; 4) Pronunciation models: RP, BBC model and General American, Network Standard; 5) Lexical, grammatical variations and discourse grammars; 6) Beliefs and subjective theories in foreign language research; 7) Dilemma among radical, canonical and eclectic views. In conclusion, the author offers a modest proposal: we need to appeal to our own experience, intention, feeling and purpose, that is, our identity to express “our own selves” in our contexts toward the world anywhere, if not sounding authentic enough, but producing it plausibly well. It is time for us (with our ethno-cultural autonomy) to need to be complementary to and parallel with its native speakers' linguistic-cultural authenticity in terms of the broadest mutual understanding.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.144-147
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose two receiver structures of the impulse radio (IR) system to improve its performance in multipath environments. Recently, the impulse radio system has drawn much attention for future high-speed wire-less communication services. The conventional IR receiver directly correlates received signals with the ideal reference waveform, which results in performance degradation in multipath environments. The Key idea of the proposed receiver structures is to reflect the multipath Characteristics into the IR receiver. One is to deconvolve the received waveform with estimates of the multipath gains to obtain the transmitted waveform while the other is to modify the reference waveform of the correlator according to the estimates of the multipath gains. We examine the performance of the proposed schemes for the statistical indoor wireless communication channel model using computer simulation.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.205-225
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• 2022

In this paper, we derive analytical closed results for the first (a, b)-KA index, the Sombor index, the modified Sombor index, the first reduced (a, b)-KA index, the reduced Sombor index, the reduced modified Sombor index, the second reduced (a, b)-KA index and the mean Sombor index mSO_α for the OTIS biswapped networks by considering basis graphs as path, wheel graph, complete bipartite graph and r-regular graphs. Network theory plays a significant role in electronic and electrical engineering, such as signal processing, networking, communication theory, and so on. A topological index (TI) is a real number associated with graph networks that correlates chemical networks with a variety of physical and chemical properties as well as chemical reactivity. The Optical Transpose Interconnection System (OTIS) network has recently received increased interest due to its potential uses in parallel and distributed systems.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.94-104
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• 2022

Because of its convenience and compatibility with various image processing techniques, digital image representation of holograms is generally used in digital holography, and thus, quality assessment of digital holograms is an essential issue. This study proposes a new objective quality metric for digital phase hologram image processing. The proposed metric is based on a newly defined phase distortion created by taking the 2π periodicity of phase information into account. The experimental results show that the proposed metric correlates with reconstruction image quality better than the existing metric under random distortions and also works well with JPEG 2000 compression. It is expected to be broadly used in phase image processing and compression applications including phase holograms.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2535-2537
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• 2016

Background: Most of the cervical cancer patients, including those with cervical adenocarcinomas, come at advanced stage in the developing world so its mortality is high. Radiotherapy is one of the treatment modality for advanced stage cervical adenocarcinomas, but its efficacy depends on several prognostic factors such as the stage, histopathology, presence of organ dysfunction and expression of cellular biology markers mainly involve in cell proliferation such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Some research indicates that activation of EGFR in malignancy (including cervical cancer) correlates with aggressive behavior, a poor prognosis and decreasing sensitivity of radiotherapy. However, the combination between targeted therapies and radiotherapy are innovative approaches which may provide a good result. This study aimed to assess any correlation between expression of EGFR and response to radiotherapy in cervical adenocarcinoma cases. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 women were registered in a retrospective study period January 2007 and May 2014. Paraffin blocks from these patients were processed by classical histological techniques and for immunohistochemical staining of EGFR, scoring being accomplished according to the immunoreactive scoring (IRS) of Remmele and Stegner. Results: Among the studied molecular factors, there was significant correlation expression of EGFR with poor response to radiotherapy (p=0.0001). Conclusions: The result of this study showed a significant correlation between expression of EGFR and sensitivity of radiation in cervical adenocarcinoma cases. Further research is necessary to obtain information about new therapeutic management.