• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.366-374
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• 1986

Taiwan land race, Taichung 2 rowed barley #1 was crossed with England cultivar, Deba abed in 1972, and two isogenic lines-lax and compact heads-were made in 1982. So as to three fertilizer and three seeding density levels were treated at Dan-Kook Agricultural College farm located in Cheonan in 1984-1985. Lax head type had longer spike length and rachis than compact type. The traits uninfluenced by different head types were heading time, number of grains per spike, yield and soluble nitrogen content. However, the traits related to malting quality such as 1,000 grain weight, assortment ratio, protein content of grain and malt, malt extract, malt total nitrogen content, Kolbach index and diastatic power were significantly affected by head types. The number of spikes per m2, yield, assortment ratio, crude protein content of grain and malt yield ratio, extract yield ratio, malt total nitrogen, souble nitrogen content, Kolbach index and diastatic power were affected by fertilizer and seeding density levels in both isogenic lines. The malting quality was best at 12-12-9 kg/l0a fertilizer level and the yield was greatest at 15-12-9 kg/l0a level. Narrow-spaced or drilling seeding had greater yield and better malting quality than conventional row seeding. The plant with lax head type had some advantages in malting quality, suggesting that this trait would be considered as an selection criterion fer good malting quality lines.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.403-411
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• 2009

We inspected seed sizes of 353 genetic accessions of watermelon to diversify functional utility related to seed size and classified them into six representative groups based on their seed sizes. Each group was named as giant seed (GS), big seed (BS), medium size (NS), small size (SS), micro seed (MS) and tomato seed (TS) from the biggest. As the seed size was getting smaller, decreased seed length and seed width, increased seed number per fruit, and decreased seed weight per fruit were observed, but seed shape did not change significantly. In order to study the effect of seed size on fruit weight and seed germination, we developed three near isogenic lines (NILs) with three different seed sizes, SS, MS and TS, from crossing between two accessions 'NT' and 'TDR', and one NIL with seed size of TS from crossing between two accessions 'S55' and 'TDR'. In the study on the fruit weight of NILs with various seed sizes, NS, SS, MS, and TS NILs produced an average of 6.4, 6.3, 5.9, and 4.2 kg fruits, respectively. The bigger seed types showed the better germination rate. NS type showed the highest germination percentage, while TS showed very low germination percentage. Fermentation treatment for 48 hrs increased the germination percentage on TS type seed, but still remained at a low level. In NS, SS, and MS material, the ratio of embryo/whole seed weight was over 50%, meanwhile that of TS was only 44.4% of which low embryo percentage would be one of the reason of low germination percentage. From this study, we concluded that watermelon has very wide genetic diversity on seed size which is somehow related to fruit sizes and germination rate.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.139-141
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• 2003

Disease severity, percent ripened grains, and yield were investigated in the seven mixtures by using near-isogenic lines having different resistant gene(s) to bacterial blight(BB) of rice. The seven mixtures including the four pure stands were inoculated with a 1:1:1 mixture of races $K_1$, $K_2$, and $K_3$ of BB. Among the seven mixtures-ML01, ML02, ML03, MLl2, MLl3, ML23 and ML0123-, disease severiety, percent ripened grains, and yield of ML01 and ML12, respectively did not show significant difference with those of mean values of their components. But degree of disease severity of the other mixtures, respectively -ML02, ML03, MLl3, ML23, and ML0123-was less than the mean of their components. Percent ripened grains and yield of them were higher than those of mean of their components. ML03, MLl3, ML23 and ML0123 comprised of the equal amount of two or four components having different resistant gene, these mixtures appeared to be a desirable combination for delaying spread of the pathogen, stabilizing of the race structure of the pathogen population, and extending durability of a cultivar with monogenic resistance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1761-1768
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• 2006

In this study, the comparative effects of transgenic corn (Mon 810 and Event 176) and isogenic corn (DK729) were investigated for their influence on in vitro rumen fermentation. This study consisted of three treatments with 0.25 g rice straw, 0.25 g of corn (Mon810/Event176/DK 729) mixed with 30 ml rumen fluid-basal medium in a serum bottle. They were prepared in oxygen free conditions and incubated at $39^{\circ}C$ in a shaking incubator. The influence of transgenic corn on the number of bacterial population, F. succinogenes (cellulolytic) and S. bovis (amylolytic), was quantified using RT-PCR. Fermentative parameters were measured at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h and substrate digestibility was measured at 12 and 24 h. No significant differences were observed in digestibility of dry matter, NDF, ADF at 12 and 24 h for both transgenic and isogenic form of corns (p>0.05) as well as in fermentative parameters. Fluid pH remained unaffected by hybrid trait and decreased with VFA accumulation as incubation time progressed. No influence of corn trait itself was seen on concentration of total VFA, acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids. There were no significant differences (p<0.05) in total gas production, composition of gas (methane and hydrogen) at all times of sampling, as well as in NH3-N production. Bacterial quantification using RT-PCR showed that the population number was not affected by transgenic corn. From this study it is concluded that transgenic corn (Mon810 and Event 176) had no adverse effects on rumen fermentation and digestibility compared to isogenic corn. However, regular monitoring of these transgenic feeds is needed by present day researchers to enable consumers with the option to select their preferred food source for animal or human consumption.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1993

The barley plant for whole crop forage is advantageous to have traits with higher photosynthetic rate, biomass, lodging resistance, and awnless spikes. The objective of this study is to investigate performance of near-isogenic line pairs for the awned and awnless in the field, and to observe the variations in photosynthetic rate, yield and their related traits under removal of flag leaf and awns. Grain yield was 6% higher, but biomass and photosynthetic rate were 6～16% and 6% lower in the awned line than those in the awnless grown in the field ,respectively. Defoliation of flag leaf resulted in approximately 3～4%, and 5～6% decreases in 1,000 kernels and grain weights, respectively. Deawning at the heading stage of the long awned line decreased 1,000 kernels and grain weights by 7% and 15%, respectively, The removal of both assimilative tissues caused 14 and 21% decrements in 1,000 kernels and grain weights. Apparent photosynthetic rate of leaf blade in awnless line was 6.1 -9. 7 $CO_2$$_2$ ${\mu}$mole $m^{-2}$ $s{-1}$, much higher than that in awned line. The relative rates in the second and third leaves were about 93% and 55～63%, respectively as compared with that in the flag leaf. The results of the experiments suggest that the awnless line selected for whole crop forage is a potential plant type with higher photosynthetic rate, leaf area and greater biomass.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.407-416
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• 2008

Thirteen near-isogenic lines (NILs) of japonica rice were developed via a backcross method using the recurrent parent Chucheong, which is of good eating quality but is susceptible to Magnaporthe grisea, and three blast resistant japonica donors, Seolak, Daeseong and Bongkwang. The agro-morphological traits of these NILs, such as heading date, culm length, and panicle length, were similar to those of Chucheong. In a genome-wide scan using 158 SSR markers, chromosome segments of Chucheong were identified in most polymorphic regions of the 13 NIL plants, and only a few chromosome segments were found to have been substituted by donor alleles. The genetic similarities of the 13 NILs to the recurrent parent Chucheong averaged 0.961, with a range of 0.932-0.984. Analysis of 13 major blast resistance (R) genes in these lines using specific DNA markers showed that each NIL appeared to contain some combination of the four R genes, Pib, Pii, Pik-m and Pita-2, with the first three genes being present in each line. Screening of nine M. grisea isolates revealed that one NIL M7 was resistant to all nine isolates; the remaining NILs were each resistant to between three and seven isolates, except for NIL M106, which was resistant to only two isolates. In a blast nursery experiment, all the NILs proved to be more resistant than Chucheong. These newly developed NILs have potential as commercial rice varieties because of their increased resistance to M. grisea combined with the desirable agronomic traits of Chucheong. They also provide material for studying the genetic basis of blast resistance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.360-361
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• 2000

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2003

The nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) resistance of silkworm is controlled by a pair of dominant genes on autosome and micro-effect modificator genes on sex chromosome Z and has the phenomenon of patroclinal inheritance. Based on its hereditary characteristics, methods of preparing near isogenic lines and their $F_2$ populations for screening molecular markers were designed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.402-402
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• 2005