• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권1호통권72호
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• pp.86-91
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• 1995

Rhizopus oryzae의 카드뮴 적응 및 해독기작과 이에 관련된 세포내 생리 생화학적 변화를 조사하였다. R. oryzae는 카드뮴을 첨가 배양하였을 때 카드뮴 영향하에서는 carbohydrate metabolic pathway에 관련된 효소 활성(MDH, GPI)이 촉진되고 과산화물 제거에 관여하는 효소가 새롭게 유도(CAT2)된 반면, lactate를 이용하는 효소(LDH, ADH)의 활성이 감소된 사실은 중금속 영향하에서 세포의 성장과 에너지 공급을 위해 에너지 수율이 낮은 lactate를 이용하는 경로보다는 에너지 수율이 높은 TCA cycle 경로에 작용하는 효소들과 독성과산화물 제거에 관여하는 효소의 더 많은 derepression이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.633-640
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• 2007

The diurnal changes of chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative enzyme activity were investigated in the leaves from four subtropical plant species (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum Bak., Osmanthus insularis Koidz., Asplenium antiquum Makino and Chloranthus glaber Makino) under the natural habitats in summer and winter. The intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence was lower in O-, I-, J-, P-steps of O-J-I-P transient in winter than summer, and prominent diurnal change was not found in the fluorescence intensity of four subtropical plant species in winter. The activity and isoenzyme pattern of SOD and catalase did irregularly change seasonally and diurnally in four subtropical plant species. In contrast, the peroxidase activity and isoenzyme pattern was different depending on plant species and growth seasons; The activity increased slightly more in winter than in summer in four subtropical plant species, and several isoenzymes appeared in the leaves from C. asiaticum var japonicum, O. insularis and A. antiquum in winter.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1977

본연구(本硏究)는 생장(生長)이 우수(優秀)하여 선발(選拔)한 ${\times}$P. albaglandulosa 15 clone의 엽(葉)에 대(對)하여 과산화동위효소변이(過酸化同位酵素變異)를 전기영동법(電氣泳動法)에 의(依)거 조사(調査)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 15 clone의 총(總) band수(數)는 6~11본(本)이다. 그중(中) 활성(活性) band수(數)는 4~7본(本)이고 흔적(痕迹) band는 1~4본(本)으로서 어느 clone에서나 활성(活性) band가 다수(多數)히 출현(出現)하였다. 그리고 cathode측(側)은 anode보다 band의 출현(出現)이 어느 clone에서도 단조(單調)로웠다. 한편(便) 효소형(酵素型)이 각(各) clone마다 특이(特異)하여 clone시별(識別)을 가능(可能)케 하였으며 g와 1 band는 ${\times}$P. albaglandulosa의 고정(固定) band이다. 또한 ${\times}$P. albaglandulosa가 $F_1$인 까닭에 효소형(酵素型)의 유전적(遺傳的) 변이(變異)가 인정(認定)되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1989

사과의 수령(樹齡), 지역(地域) 및 부위(部位)에 따른, 그리고 주요(主要) 6개(個) 품종(品種)(국광(國光), 후지, 홍옥(紅玉), 스타킹, 골덴 델리셔스, 쓰가루) 및 그들의 교잡개체(交雜個體)의 peroxidase isoenzyme pattern의 차이(差異)를 조사(調査)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 후지품종(品種)의 수령(樹齡)은 zymogram에 영향(影響)을 미치지 않았다. 2. 후지와 쓰가루 두 품종(品種)의 zymogram은 재식지(栽植地)에 따라 차이(差異)가 없었다. 3. 후지와 쓰가루 두 품종(品種)의 가지와 잎의 zymogram은 뚜렷한 차이(差異)가 인정(認定)되었으나 채취부위별(採取部位別) 재식지(栽植地)에 따른 차이(差異)는 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 4. 국광(國光), 후지, 홍옥(紅玉), 스타킹, 골덴 델리셔스, 쓰가루 등(等) 여섯 품종(品種)에서 그 품종(品種) 고유(固有)의 zymogram이 관찰(觀察)되었다. 5. 교잡개체(交雜個體)의 zymogram은 1) 양친(兩親)의 band를 모두 갖고 있는 형(形), 2) 양친(兩親)의 band 중(中) 일부(一部)를 소실(消失)한 형(形), 3) 양친(兩親)에는 없는 새로운 band를 갖고 있는 형(形)으로 분류(分類)되었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.592-602
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• 2001

오래 전부터 성분에 대한 확실한 분석은 없었으나 식용과 약용으로 이용되어 온 소리쟁이(Rumex crisps.)의 항 산화 물질 및 활성에 대해 시험하였다. 항 산화 활성 측정은 DPPH 법과 효소 활성 검사법을 이용하였고, Rumex crispus, Rumex acetoceae와 Rumex nipponicus의 항산화력을 DPPH 법에 의해 측정한 결과 3종류 모두 항산화력이 뿌리>잎>줄기의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 뿌리 추출물에 항산화력은 50% 억제 율이 Rumex crispus ; 6.1 ug/ml, Rumex nippponicus ; 9.8 ug/mL, Rumex acetoceae ; 25.3 ug/mL의 순으로 활성이 높게 나타났다. 잎 추출물 대한 $IC_{50}$/값이 Rumex acetoceae ; 31.5 ug/mL, Rumex nippponicus ; 59.1 ug/mL, Rumex crispus ; 68.8 ug/mL의 순으로 항산화활성이 높게 나타났다. Rumex crispus에서 분리 동정된 주요 페놀성 항 산화 물질은 2, 6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol, 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol은 잎과 뿌리 추출물 모두에서 확인되었고, 4-Vinyl-2-methoxy-phenol과 2, 3-Dihydro-benzofuran 2종은 잎 추출물에서만 동정되었다. 동정된 각 물질의 분자량은 2, 6-Dichloro-4-introphenol ; 206.95, 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol ; 150.10, 4-Vinyl-2-methoxy-phenol ; 150.07, 2, 3-Dihydro-benzofuran ; 120.06이 모두 120~206 범위 안에 속하는 低分子化合物質이였다. Rumex crispus의 callus와 생체식물의 효소활성 측정 결과 POD 비활성 (IU/mg protein)은 줄기가 0.44 IU/mg protein으로 높은 활성을 나타내었으나 callus와 잎 부분의 활성은 모두 낮았고, SOD비활성 (IU/mg protein)은 줄기부분이 24.4 IU/mg protein으로 가장 높았다. POD isoenzyme pattern을 분석한 결과 뿌리와 callus에 3개의 isoenzyme, 잎과 줄기 부분에서는 2개의 isoenzyme이 발견되었다. Rumex SOD isoenzyme pattern 분석결과는 뿌리와 Callus에서만 1개의 Isoenzyme 이 나타났다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.388-396
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• 1998

연구배경: 흉수의 원인을 규명하는 방법으로는 임상소견, 흉수 분석, 그리고 흉막생검 등이 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 적극적인 검사에도 불구하고 약 20%의 환자에서 흉수의 원인을 모르는 것으로 알려져 있다. 결핵성 흉막염은 우리나라에서 가장 흔히 보는 흉막질환이지만 흉수에서 결핵균 양성율은 20-30%에 불과하고 흉막생검 양성율도 50%를 넘지 않아 감별진단이 어려운 경우를 임상에서 종종 경험하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 흉수의 감별진단에 있어 흉수에서의 ADA(adenosine deaminase) 및 동종효소의 활성도 측정의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 1996년 1월 부터 6월까지 단국대병원 내과에 흉수로 입원한 54명의 환자들의 흉수와 혈청에 대해 ADA 및 동종효소의 활성도를 측정하였다. 흉수의 원인으로는 결핵성 흉수가 25명, 부폐렴성 흉수가 10명, 악성 흉수가 14명, 여출성 흉수가 5명이었으며, 이들 중 소방형 흉수를 보인 경우는 결핵성 흉수가 5명, 부폐렴성 흉수가 6명이었다. 총 ADA 활성도와 동종효소 활성도 측정은 spectrophotometry로 시행하였으며, ADA2 동종효소의 활성도 측정은 ADAl의 강력한 억제제인 EHNA(erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine)을 이용하여 측정하였다. 결 과: 결핵성 흉수에서의 총ADA 활성도는 악성 흉수보다 높았으나 (p<0.l), 결핵성 흉수와 부폐렴성 흉수사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(결핵성 흉수 : $148.9{\pm}89.9IU/L$, 부폐렴성 흉수 : $129.0{\pm}119.4IU/L$, 악성흉수 : $60.7{\pm}17.8%$). 흉수에서 총 ADA에 대한 ADA2 동종효소의 활성도의 비 (ADA2%)는 결핵성 흉수에서 부폐렴성 흉수에 비해 유의하게 놓았으나(p<0.05), 결핵성 흉수와 악성 흉수 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(결핵성 흉수: $57.2{\pm}10.7%$, 부폐렴성 흉수 : $35.9{\pm}17.8%$, 악성 흉수 : $60.7{\pm}17.8%$). 소방형 흉수의 경우 총 ADA 활성도는 결핵성흉수와 부폐렴성 흉수 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나(결핵성 흉수 : $157.8{\pm}100.8$ IU/L, 부폐렴성 흉수 : $164.3{\pm}132.3$ IU/L), ADA2% 는 결핵성 흉수에서 부폐렴성 흉수보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.005)(결핵성 흉수 : $53.3{\pm}3.9%$, 부폐렴성 흉수 : $27.8{\pm}7.9%$). 결 론: 흉수에서 ADA동종효소의 측정은 결핵성 흉수와 부폐렴성 흉수의 감별진단에 유용하며 특히 소방형 흉수의 경우와 같이 임상적으로 강별이 용이치 않은 경우에 더욱 유용할 것으로 생각된다

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1999

To determine the pathogenicity of Acanthamoeba spp. isolated in Korea and to develop a isoenzymatic maker, the mortality rate of infected mice, in vitro cytotoxicity against target cells and isoenzyme band pattern were observed. Five isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. (YM-2, YM-3, YM-4, YM-5 and YM-7) were used in this study as well as three reference Acanthamoeba spp. (A. culbertsoni, A. hatchetti, and A. royreba). According to the mortality rate of infected mice, Korean isolated could be categorized into three groups: high virulent (YM-4), low virulent (YM-2, YM-5, YM-7) and the nonpathogenic group (YM-4), In addition, the virulence of Acanthamoeba spp. was enhanced by brain passage in mice. In the cytotoxicity assay against chinese hamster ovary cells, especially, the cytotoxicity of brain-passaged amoebae was relatively higher than the long-term cultivated ones. The zymodeme patterns of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), hexokinase (HK), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and malic enzyme (ME)of Acanthamoeba spp. were different among each isolate, and also between long-term cultrued amoebae and brain passaged ones. In spites of the polymorphic zymodemes, a slow band of G6PD and K, and an intermediate band of MDH were only observed in pathogenic Acanthamoeba spp., which should be used as isoenzymatic makers.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.433-449
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• 1992

Total CPK activities and CPK isoenzymes fractions of the sera and tissues were examined to obtain the physiological basic data of ruminant available in veterinary clinical practice. For the sera total CPK activities and CPK isoenzymes fractions, total 39 clinically healthy Korean native goats (3 to 10 months old, IS of female and 18 of male) and 6 of Korean native goats (1 to 2 years old, 3 of female and 3 of male) were used. Seventeen Korean native cattle (3 to 6 years old, 10 of female and 7 of male) and 27 Holstein-Friesian cattle (2 to 8 months old, 7 of female and 3 to 12 years old, 20 of female) were also examined for the sera total CPK activities and CPK isoenzymes fractions. For the total CPK activities and CPK isoenzyme fractions, 3 of female Korean native goats (7 months old), 3 of female Korean native cattle (2 years old) and 3 of dairy cattle (2 years old, 2 of female and 1 of male) were used. The tissues examined were the cerebrum (2 of Korean native cattle), spinal cord (1 of Korean native cattle), heart, lung, diaphragm, reticulum, liver, spleen, kidney, jejunum. colon and femoral muscle. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In Korean native goats less than 1-year-old. serum total CPK activities were 67.8${\pm}$17.7(39.0~96.5) IU/$\ell$ in female and 63.4${\pm}$19.0(28.7~94.4) IU/$\ell$ in male. Further they were 67.0${\pm}$5.3(59.5~70.7) IU/$\ell$ and 54.5${\pm}$11.1(39.1~69.4) IU/$\ell$ in female and male Korean native goats over 1-year-old, respectively. Serum total CPK activities of female were slightly higher than those of male. Significance between age and sex was not found. 2. Serum total CPK activities were 56.8${\pm}$19.7(27.6~90.5) IU/$\ell$ and 65.6${\pm}$10.8(52.8~78.0) IU/$\ell$ in female and male Korean native adult cattle, respectively, Serum total CPK activities of male were slightly higher than those of female, but they were not significant 3. Serum total CPK activities we,e 72.5${\pm}$8.2(57.2~83.2) IU/$\ell$ and 60.8${\pm}$12.5(42.7~80.6) IU/$\ell$ in calves and adult of dairy acttle, respectively. Serum total CPK activities of calves were significantly higher than those of adult(p<0.05). 4. In Korean native goats less than 1-year-old, serum CPK isoenzymes fractions were high with decreasing order of MM>MB>BB and MM>BB>MB in female and male, respectively. Further they were high with decreasing order of MM>MB>BB and MM>B8>MB in female and male Korean native goats over 1-year-old, respectively. The main fractions of CPK isoenzymes were MM in sera of Korean native goats. 5. Serum CPK Isoenzyme fractions were high with decreasing order of MM>MB>BB In both female and male of Korean native cattle. The main fraction among them was MM. 6. Serum CPK isoenzymes fractions were high with decreasing order of MM>BB>MB in both calves and adult of dairy cattle. The main fraction among them was MM. 7. Total CPK activities were high with decreasing order of the femoral muscle>kidney>reticulum>diaphragm>liver>spleen>heart>colon>lung>jejunum in Korean native goats. 8. Total CPK activities were high with decreasing order of the spinal cord >cerebrum>femoral muscle>reticulum>kidney>liver>spleen>diaphragm>lung>colon>heart>jejunum in Korean native cattle. 9. Total CPK activities were high with decreasing order. of the femoral muscle >liver>retoculum>kidney>heart>colon>lung>spleen>jejunum>diaphrasm in dairy cattle. 10. The pattern of the cardiac CPK isoenzymes fractions was identical in Korean native goats, Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. They were high in the order of MM>MB without BB fractions and the main fraction was MM. 11. The pattern of the pulmonary CPK isoenzymes fractions was the same Korean native goats, Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. They were high with decreasing order of MM>MB>BB and the main fraction among them was MM. 12. The pattern of CPK isoenzymes fractions of the diaphragm was Identical in Korean native goats and Korean native cattle. They were high with decreasing order of MM >BB >MB except dairy cattle (MM>MB>BB) but the main fraction among them was MM. 13. The pattern of the reticular CPK isoenzymes fractions was identical in Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. They were high with decreasing order of BB >MM >MB except Korean native goats(BB>MB>MM) but the main, fraction among them was BB 14. The pattern of the hepatic CPK isoenzymrs fractions was identical in Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. They were high with decreasing order of MB >BB >MM except Korean native goats(MB>MM>BB)but the main fraction was MB. 15. The splenic CPK isoenzymes fractions showed different pattern. They were high with decreasing order of MB>BB>MM, MM>BB>MB and BB>MB>MM in Korean native goats, Korean native cattle and dairy cattle, respectively. The main fraction among them was different from each other. 16. The pattern of the renal CPK isoenzymes fractions was identical in Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. They were high with decreasing order of MM >MB>BB except Korean native goats(BB>MB>MM). 17. The CPK isoenzymes fractions of the Jejunums showed different pattern. They were high with decreasing order MM>MB>BB, MM>BB>MB and BB>MM>MB in Korean native goats, Korean native cattle and dairy cattle, respectively. The main fractions were MM In Korean native goats and Korean native cattle, and BB in dairy cattle. 18. The colonic CPK isoenzymes fractions showed different pattern. They were high with decreasing order of MM>MB>BB, MM>BB>MB and BB>rrfB>MM in Korean native goats, Korean native cattle and dairy cattle, respectively. The main fractions were MM in Korean native goats and Korean . native cattle, and BB in dairy cattle. 19. The cerebral CPK isoenzymes fractions were high with decreasing order of BB >MM without MB detected in Korean native cattle and those of spinal cord were high with decreasing order of BB >MM >MB. The main fractions in both cerebrum and spinal cord were BB.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권4호통권75호
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• pp.359-368
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• 1995

F. napiforme, F. beomiforme and F. nygamai could not be classified in any of the existing sections of the genus Fusarium. To discuss of the exact taxonomic relationships among these species, the cellular polypeptide patterns were compared by using 2-D PAGE. Polypeptide pattern of F. beomiforme was different from those of other two species and was more similar to F. oxysporum in section Elegans. F. nygamai and F. napiforme might be another same section which would lie between section Liseola and section Elegans. The results were consistent with the comparison of isoenzyme patterns in these species.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 1997

Cytologic diagnosis of reactive or malignant effusion is sometimes difficult. Especially, differentiation of benign reactive mesothelial cells from malignant cells in body effusion is more difficult. Recently, immunohistochemistry has been used to diagnose difficult cases. Phospholipase $C(PLC)-{\gamma}1$ is one of the isoenzyme of the PLC which plays central role in signal transduction involving cellular growth, differentiation and transformation by phosphorylating many protein component. Increased expression of $PLC-{\gamma}1$ in human breast carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma and stomach cancers are reported. To evaluate the efficacy of positive $PLC-{\gamma}1$ immunostaining in the diagnosis of malignancy in effusions, paraffin-embedded cell blocks of pleural fluid and ascites from 10 patients(5 metastatic adenocarcinomas, and 5 reactive mesothelial cells) were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody to $PLC-{\gamma}1$. $PLC-{\gamma}1$ immuostained all the adenocarcinomas in cell block(5/5) with intense membrane pattern, however, none of the reactive mesothelial proliferations stained with the diagnostic membrane pattern. Thus, our study strongly supports the conclusion that $PLC-{\gamma}1$ immunopositivity is likely to become a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of malignancy in effusions.