• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the irritant potential of A mouthwash in hamster cheek pouch. The test substances were applied twice daily to right pouches of hamsters for 14 consecutive days. Animals were administered with A mouthwash, Listerine, saline and control solution, respectively. In order to evaluate the irritant potential in mucosa of hamster cheek pouch, we observed clinical signs, mortality, body weight changes and gross and histopathological findings for 14 days. In all groups, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, there were no differences between saline and A mouthwash treated group in gross and histopathological findings. Therefore, these results suggest that there was no irritant potential of A mouthwash in hamster cheek pouch.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the irritant potential of P-toothpaste in hamster cheek pouch. The test materials were applied once at the beginning of this study into right pouches of hamsters and maintained for 14 days. Animals were administered with P-toothpaste, Bamboo salt toothpaste, D.W. and control solution, respectively. In order to evaluate the irritant potential in mucosa of hamster cheek pouch, we observed clinical signs, morality, body weights and gross and histopathological findings for 14 days. In all groups, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, there were no differences between D.W. and P-toothpaste treated group in gross and histopathological findings. Therefore, these results suggest that there was little irritant potential of P-toothpaste in hamster cheek pouch.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.634-643
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the type and frequency of end colostomy-related complications and to identify the risk factors for those complications. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records was made in 708 patients who underwent end colostomy in Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and February 2005. The type was divided into stomal and peristomal complications: stomal complications included bleeding, necrosis, mucocutaneous separation, prolapsed stoma, retraced stoma, stenosis, and hyperplasia; peristomal complications did peristomal varix, peristomal hernia, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, maceration, folliculitis, hyperplasia, bacterial infection, candidal infection, malignancy in the peristomal area, mechanical damage and pyoderma gangrenosum. Results: For stomal complications, hyperplasia was most common(9.0%). For peristomal complications, irritant contact dermatitis was developed in 17.4%. Sex and BMI were risk factors for irritant contact dermatitis, hyperplasia, peristomal hernia, flat stoma, and retracted stoma. Conclusion: Teaching for preventing irritant contact dermatitis such as proper pouching and peristomal skin protection, and for comprehensive weight control should be emphasized on self care program for ostomates, while ostomy care nurse should take a careful consideration of preoperative ostomy site marking in female obese patients.

• Korean journal of dermatology
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.571-572
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• 2018

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the oriental treatment on Irritant Dermatitis Caused by Wood Vinegar on Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris. Methods : After using Wood Vinegar, a patient suffers from erythema, pruritus, pain, desquamation of skin and degeneration of Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris. The patient was admitted to Dunsan oriental hospital for 15 days and took an oriental(venesection, herbal-medicine, and vapor treatment) treatment. To evaluate the results of this treatment, the improvement of symptoms(vesicles, pruritus, pain) was identified by patient's subjective expression and in lesion-symptom improvement. Results : The symptoms caused by Wood vinegar on both palms and soles were improved but the desquamation of skin remained. Conclusions : This study shows that the oriental medical treatment effects on the irritant dermatitis caused by Wood Vinegar. Also, the public should be aware of indiscreetly-used, natural herbal products as a folk remedy.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 1997

Capsaicin cream has been used to attenuate the pain associated with diabetic neuropathy, rheum-atoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and postherpetic neuralgia. But its common side effect, local irritation, limits the use of it and there is still a need for a new analgesic devoid of this side effect. This study was conducted to compare the local irritant effect of DA-5018, a new capsaicin derivative, with that of capsaicin in various animal models and human beings. Capsaicin, applied topically to the mouse ear, produced dose-dependent increase of ear volume and the frequency of ear scratching behavior in mice. Neither ear volume nor scratching behavior was affected by DA-5018. In eye wiping test of rat, DA-5018 was 10 times less irritant than capsaicin. Capsaicin administered intradermally into the rat paw elicited paw lick/lift response with a potency which was three times that of DA-5018. Zostrix-HP (0.075% capsaicin cream), but not DA-50180.3% cream, increased ear volume of rat and induced thermal hyperalgesia in normal and carrageenan inflamed paws. Six day-treatment of Zostrix-HP failed to develop tolerance against this thermal hyperalgesia. In human beings, Zostrix-HP produced burning sensation and itching in more than 90% of volunteers involved and its maximum irritant effect was significantly higher than that of DA-5018 cream. These results suggest that local irritation and burning sensation produced by DA-5018 is much less than capsaicin.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.330-339
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to identify menstrual discomfort and dietary habits, and factors related to the menstrual discomforts. Method: Participants were 320 female middle school students in G city. The Menstrual Discomfort Questionaire(MDQ) and dietary habit lists were used as tools. Results: Factors related to MDQ were found to be the VAS scores (r=.361, p=.002), a mount of menstrual bleeding (r=.131, p=.019), height (r=.134, p=.016), adequacy of meal time (t=7.19, p=.008), consumption of milk & milk products (F=3.20, p=.042) and, hot, salty & irritant foods (f=8.01, p=.000), eating more than 3 kinds of side-dishes with each meal (F=8.32, p=.000), and various protein foods (F=5.15, p=.006). In stepwise regression, 4 variables (VAS scores, height, hot, salty & irritant foods, more than 3 kinds of side-dishes with each meal) explained $20.3\%$ of the variance in the total MDQ scores. Conclusion: Reduction of hot, salty & irritant foods and having more than 3 side-dishes with each meal would be effective in menstrual discomfort management. As well, good and, balanced dietary habits should be encouraged for early adolescent girls. To keep up with the ideal dietary habits, nutritional education & counseling should be continued. In a further study, a replication study with larger samples and more specified nutritional assessment are recommended.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.124-124
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.124-124
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• 2003

A murine local lymph node assay(LLNA) has been developed as an alternative method to guinea pig maximization test for contact sensitization potential. This study was carried out to investigate the potential use of cytokine producing cells to discriminate between allergens and irritant in the LLNA.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.156.1-156.1
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• 2003

166Ho, a $\beta$-emitting radionuclide, was incorporated within polyurethane film for possible application for the therapy of skin cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate skin irritant after radiation with 166Ho patch in rabbits and to estimate the efficacy of this therapy for skin cancer patients. Six NZW rabbits were used for skin irritant in this study. The dorsal hair of rabbits was removed with an electric clipper and blade. (omitted)