• 농촌계획
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2022

This study tested SVM(support vector machine), RF(random forest), and ANN(artificial neural network) machine-learning models that can predict net irrigation water requirements in paddy fields. For the Jeonju and Jeongeup meteorological stations, the net irrigation water requirement was calculated using K-HAS from 1981 to 2021 and set as the label. For each algorithm, twelve models were constructed based on cumulative precipitation, precipitation, crop evapotranspiration, and month. Compared to the CE model, the R² of the CEP model was higher, and MAE, RMSE, and MSE were lower. Comprehensively considering learning performance and learning time, it is judged that the RF algorithm has the best usability and predictive power of five-days is better than three-days. The results of this study are expected to provide the scientific information necessary for the decision-making of on-site water managers is expected to be possible through the connection with weather forecast data. In the future, if the actual amount of irrigation and supply are measured, it is necessary to develop a learning model that reflects this.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

The DIROM (Daily Irrigation Reservoir Operation Model) was modified to estimate amounts of water release from reservoirs, considering customary irrigation water management practices, such as water supply for puddling and transplanting paddy rice from seeding beds and mid-season drainage. The applicability of the modified model was investigated by simulating amounts of water release from three study reservoirs: Hwamae, Ogi, and Doya Reservoirs. In terms of annual amounts of water release, the relative errors between the observed and simulated values in 2012 and 2013 ranged -26.20 % to 10.28 % and 4.90 % to 30.06 %, respectively; in case of reservoir water levels, the RMSE values ranged 0.45 m to 1.34 m and 0.40 m to 1.27 m, respectively. Also, it was revealed that the model provided better simulation results for monthly water releases than the original model. In addition, the model presented better performance in simulating 10-day amounts of water release from April to June. However, the model had still significant errors in the simulation results from July to September because the reservoirs were practically operated to adapt to water management circumstances. Finally, it is concluded that the modified DIROM can estimate the amounts of water release from reservoirs, reflecting irrigation water management customs in paddy-field districts. To achieve higher prediction accuracy of the model, it is necessary to incorporate practical reservoir operation rules into the model.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1989

김해평야의 6개 관개 수계별 및 시기별로 농업용수오염 및 벼의 무기성분 함량을 조사하고, 관개수에 의한 질소 공급량을 산출한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 각 지점의 농업용수의 시기별 평균치는 pH 6.5-7.0, DO 0.6-7.7ppm, BOD4.4-63.5ppm, COD 7.3-73.9ppm, $NH_4$-N 1.84-16.22ppm, $NO_3$-N 1.22-15.4ppm, $PO_4$-P0.07-1.35ppm으로서 양수장 수계별로 큰 차이가 있었다. 농업 용수중 중금속 함량은 지역별 및 시기별로 별 차이가 없었다. 2) 지점별로 오염도가 높은곳은 식만, 봉림 및 녹산이었으며, 오염도가 낮은 곳은 대저, 명지 및 장유 양수장 부근이었다. 3) 년간 관개수에 의한 질소공급량은 대저 6.82Kg/10a, 식만 5.98Kg/10a, 봉림 6.64Kg/10a, 명지 2.31Kg/10a, 녹산 6.22Kg/10a, 그리고 장유가 2.54Kg/10a로서 각 양수장 수계별로 관개수에 의한 질소공급량이 큰 차이가 있었다. 4) 관개수중 암모니아태 질소와 수도잎중 질소함량 간에는 고도의 유의적인 정의 상관이 있었으며, 수도잎중 전 질소 함량은 전반적으로 식만, 봉림 및 녹산 부근이 타 지역에 비해 약간 증가 하는 경향이었다. 5) 각 지역별 수도의 수량은 통계적인 유의성은 없었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.706-711
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• 1997

벼 건답직파재배에서 권개수 부족시 합리적인 최소 권수방법을 밝히고자 전북통(미사질양토)에서 동진벼를 공시하여 5일 간격 고량관개, 10일간격 고랑관개, 15일 간격 고랑관개, 10일 간격 전면관개를 관행 물관리 방법과 비교하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 권개용수량 절감은 관행에 비해 15일간격 고랑관개(92.4％)>10일 간격 고랑관개(88.5％)>10일 간격 전면관개(78.6％)>5일간격 고랑관개 (58％) 순이었다. 2. 고랑에서 90cm까지는 고랑 관개후 5일에도 수분장력이 -50kpa 이하였으나 고랑에서 120cm는 고랑 관개후 4일에도 -70kpa 이상이었다. 3. 엽면적과 지상부 건물중은 관개 간격이 길수록 적었다. 4. 간장은 관행에 비해 관개 간격이 길수록 짧았으며, 전체 간장에 영향을 미친 절간은 상위 제1,2절간이었다. 5. 관개 간격이 길수록 수수 및 등숙비율이 낮아, 쌀수량은 관행관개(5.32MT/ha)에 비해 5일 간격 고랑관개는 5％, 10일 간격 전면 관개는 8％ 감수하였으나, 10일 간격 고랑관개는 18％, 15일 간격 고랑관개는 28％의 유의적인 감수를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 벼 휴입건답직파 재배에서 권개수가 부족시에도 최소한 5일간격 고랑관개나 10일간격 전면관개는 되어야 할 것으로 생각되며, 이러한 결과는 관개수가 부족할 경우에도 합리적인 휴입건답직파 재배의 물관리 기술로 이용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

관개 저수지의 특성에 맞도록 가뭄을 평가하기 위하여 누가 강수량, 유역 토양수분량, 저수율, 급수 제한강도 등의 방법으로 가뭄이 한창 문제가 되었던 2001년 6월 13일을 기준일로 택하여 예당저수지의 가뭄을 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 누가 강수량에 의한 방법으로는 30년 빈도로 평가되었고, 1978년과 유사한 패턴을 나타내었고, 유역 토양수분량에 의한 방법으로는 30년 빈도로 평가되었고, 1981년과 유사한 패턴을 나타내었고, 저수율에 의한 방법으로는 20년 빈도로 평가되었고, 1981년과 유사한 패턴을 나타내었고, 급수 제한강도에 의한 방법으로는 10년 빈도로 평가되었고, 1988년과 유사한 패턴을 나타내었다. 각 방법간의 평가가 다르기 때문에 가장 가시적이고 현실적인 저수율에 의한 방법으로 20년 빈도가뭄으로 종합평가 하였고, 이후의 가뭄이 1981년도와 유사하게 진행될 것으로 예측하여, 향수 저수지 가뭄대책에 참고하도록 하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2023

While the main purpose of irrigation reservoirs is to supply agricultural water, the needs of environmental flow and flood control has been expanded. The agricultural reservoirs have been operated in the form of carry-over system until now. Therefore, the supply of agricultural water is difficult when the storage rate is not sufficiently secured after large volume of irrigation. In addition, there are regulation of the upper storage rate for some large reservoirs during the flood season, but lower storage rate is not regulated. Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the capacity of agricultural water and environmental flow supply by setting the management lower storage rate of reservoir. The changes in the supply of agricultural and environmental flow was simulated according to the three different regulating lower storage rate scenarios. As a result, it was judged effective in terms of water supply managing the lower storage rate up to 30% when the initial storage rate of farming period is above annual average for the Naju reservoir considering existing water management practice. If the lower storage rate would have been controlled above 30%, the supply of agricultural water might be increased and non-effective discharge amount would be decreased compared to other scenarios during dry period of 2016-2018.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

In this study, we developed a method to determine the flood-limited water levels of agricultural reservoirs, considering both their irrigation and flood control functions. Irrigation safety and flood safety indices were defined to be applied to various reservoirs, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the irrigation and flood control properties. Seasonal flood-limited water level scenarios were established to represent the temporal characteristics of rainfall and agricultural water supply and the safety indices were analyzed according to these scenarios. The optimal scenarios were derived using a schematic solution based on Pareto front analysis. The method was applied to Obong, Yedang, and Myogok reservoirs, and the results showed that the characteristics of each reservoir were well represented in the safety indices. The irrigation safety of Obong reservoir was found to be significantly influenced by the late-stage flood-limited water level, while those of Yedang and Myogok reservoir were primarily affected by the early and mid-stage flood-limited water levels. The values of irrigation safety and flood safety indices for each scenario were plotted as points on the coordinate plane, and the optimal flood-limited water levels were selected from the Pareto front. The storage ratio of the optimal flood-limited water levels for the early, mid, and late stages were 65-70%, 70%, and 75% for Obong reservoir, 75%, 70-75%, and 65-70% for Yedang reservoir, and 75-80%, 70%, and 50% for Myogok reservoir. We expect that the method developed in this study will facilitate efficient reservoir operations.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.4-14
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• 2005

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.125-137
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• 1987

The purpose of this paper is to examine some difficulties in water management of agricultural reservoirs in Korea, for there are approximately more than 15,000 reservoirs which are now being utilized for the purpose of irrigation, along with the much amount of expenses and labors to be invested against droughts and floods periodically occurred. Recently, the effective use of water resources in the agricultural reservoirs with a single purpose, is becomming multiple according to the alterable environment of water use. Therefore, the task to allocate agricultural water rationally and economically must be solved for the multiple use of agricultural reservoirs. On the basis of the above statement, this study aims at suggesting the rational method of water management by introducing an optimal technique to allocate the water in an existing agricultural reservoir rationally, for the sake of maximizing the economic effect. To achieve this objective, a reservoir, called "0-Bongje" as a sample of the case study, is selected for an agricultural water development proiect of medium scale. As a model for the optimum allocation of water in the multi-purpose use of reservoirs a linear programming model is developed and analyzed. As a result, findings of the study are as follows : First, a linear programing model is developed for the optimum allocation of water in the multi-purpose use of agricultural reservoirs. By adopting the model in the case of reservoir called "O-Bongje," the optimum solution for such various objects as irrigation area, the amount of domestic water supply, the size of power generation, and the size of reservoir storage, etc., can be obtained. Second, by comparing the net benefits in each object under the changing condition of inflow into the reservoir, the factors which can most affect the yearly total net benefit can be drawn, and they are in the order of the amount of domestic water supply, irrigation area, and power generation. Third, the sensitivity analysis for the decision variable of irrigation which may have a first priority among the objects indicate that the effective method of water management can be rapidly suggested in accordance with a condition under the decreasing area of irrigation. Fourth, in the case of decision making on the water allocation policy in an existing multi-purpose reservoir, the rapid comparison of numerous alternatives can be possible by adopting the linear programming model. Besides, as the resources can be analyed in connection with various activities, it can be concluded that the linear programing model developed in this study is more quantitative than the traditional methods of analysis. Fifth, all the possible constraint equations, in using a linear programming model for adopting a water allocation problem in the agricultural reservoirs, are presented, and the method of analysis is also suggested in this study. Finally, as the linear programming model in this study is found comprehensive, the model can be adopted in any different kind of conditions of agricultural reservoirs for the purpose of analyzing optimum water allocation, if the economic and technical coefficients are known, and the decision variable is changed in accordance with the changing condition of irrigation area.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2024

Timely and appropriate water supply to paddy fields is crucial for efficient agricultural water management. In South Korea, 17,240 agricultural reservoirs supply approximately 60% of the agricultural water and play a pivotal role in irrigation and drought mitigation. These reservoirs are managed by the Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC), which oversees 3,411 reservoirs, and various local governments, which manage 13,829 locations. Guidelines from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) mandate the installation and operation of water level measurement instruments. Currently, automated water level facilities are installed in 1,734 reservoirs and 1,880 irrigation canals, generating water level data at ten-minute intervals. In this study, a survey was conducted to enhance the management of agricultural reservoirs by integrating advanced information and communications technology (ICT) into existing automated water level gauge systems. We propose directions for enhancing the automated water level gauges in agricultural reservoirs. The findings would provide foundational data for stable and systematic management of these gauges.