• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Eumsung TM/TC system is composed of one control center, four reservoirs and twenty irrigation canal systems. In this paper we analyzed operation frequencies of the irrigation system to verify the effect of TM/TC system. Large facilities's operation frequency were more low then small thing and irrigation type was continuous irrigation. operation frequency was most high in may and june. usually water gate was operated once per 5-10 day. With these analysis we concluded that operators should operate irrigation facilities based on scientific technique and designer should make a proper choice in TM/TC system selection fit to the field.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.105-110
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• 1999

Unused irrigation water due to delievery losses and management losses. and ground water releases from infiltration in the paddy irrigation system are eventually returned to the stream. They are called as irrigation return flow. It affects the discharge of drought flow in the down strenamflow. And it may contain chemicals, and threaten streamflow quality . Thus, the accurage estimation of irrigation return flow is important to the streamflow modeling and water resources planning , and also to the control of agriculutral nonpoint source pollution . The irrigation return flow of pumped water was investigated in the Keum river watershed.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.44-54
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• 1999

Agricultural water quality standards were reviewed through rice culture using treated sewage irrigation . The seqage from school building of Konkuk University was treated by a constructed wetland system, and theeffluent of the systeml was irrigated for rice culutre after nutrient concentration adjusted by dilution. Average concentration of COD, SS, T-N and T-P in irrigated water was 22.3mg/$\ell$, 6.5mg/$\ell$, 25.8 mg/$\ell$and 2.2mg/$\ell$, respectively. Treatment include irrigation of adjusted effluent with conventional fertilization (TWCF), adjusted effluent with no fertilization (TWNF). and effluent of the wetland system as it was with no fertilization (SWNF). These treatment plots were compared with control plot irrigated by tap water with conventional fertilization (CONTROL). Other environmentals for rice culture were identical for all the plots. Among them, TWCF showed the best growth rate and the highest yield, and constituents in the harvested rice showed not much difference among them. Which implies that irrigation with relatively high nutrient concentration compared to the current water quality standards may cause no adverse effect on rice culture and could be even beneficial . Although T-N for this study was 25 times greater than the current standards, rice culture wasnot adversely affected by irrigatino water quality and even beeter results were observed than the CONTROL. It could be mistakenly that clean irrigation water produces better agricultural product, however, it is not necessarily true. Irrigation water with moderate nutrient concentration can enhance the plant growth, and better result might be expected. Therefore, peer review and modification if necessary are needed to the current agricultural water quality standards, especially for the nutrient components.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2001

작약 생육기간중 관수가 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 지상부 생육은 생육초기(5월1일∼6월12일)관수한 처리구가 경장 79.4cm, 경의 굵기 6.5cm로서 자연 강우나 대조구에 비해 각각 13.6∼7.4cm, 0.5mm씩 더 크거나 굵었다. 2. 지하부 생육은 생육 초기 관수가 근장 34.0cm, 근수 43.6개/주로서 자연 강우보다 각각 6cm, 5.5개/주 크거나 많았으며, 수량도 2,349kg/10a로서 자연 강우나 대조구에 비해 각각 13,8% 증수되었다. 3. 상품수량은 생육초기 관수가 2,045kg/10a로서 자연 강우의 1,708kg/10a, 대조구의 1,776kg/10a에 비해 각각 20, 15% 향상되었다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2006

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used as biological control agents for control of various agro-forest insect pests, and are especially effective against soil-dwelling insect pests. Effect of soil moisture on pathogenicity of commercial EPNs for white grub control was evaluated in laboratory, pots, and golf courses. Pathogenicity of EPNs in sand column was variable depending on depth, soil moisture, and EPN species or strain. All tested EPNs (Heterorhabditis sp. GSNUH1, Heterorhabditis sp. GSNUH2, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1, and S. longicaudum Nonsan strain) showed similar pathogenicity against the bait insect, great wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larva at 2 cm deep at a given soil moisture. However, pathogenicity of the Heterorhabditis sp. GSNUH1 strain was decreased with increasing soil moisture. Pathogenicity of S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain was the lowest in 3% soil moisture (v/w) at 7 cm depth. However, there was no difference in pathogenicity between Heterorhabditis sp. GSNUH2 and S. longicaudum Nonsan strain. Although pathogenicity of Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP strain showed no difference against the 2nd instar of Exomala orientalis, that of the S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain was decreased in the laboratory depending on soil moisture. Highly pathogenic strain EPN, Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP strain, showed higher pathogenicity at 100 mm irrigation than non-irrigation or 10 mm irrigation. However, poor pathogenic strain EPN, S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain, was not different in pathogenicity from the 2nd instar of Exomala orientalis in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris) depending on irrigation amount in the pot. Pathogenicity of EPNs in field experiment at the tee of Ulsan golf club showed a similar trend to that in the pot experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2016

Objectives: In this study we evaluated heat generation during the low-speed drilling procedure without irrigation. Materials and Methods: Ten artificial bone blocks that were similar to human D1 bone were used in this study. The baseline temperature was $37.0^{\circ}C$. We drilled into 5 artificial bone blocks 60 times at the speed of 50 rpm without irrigation. As a control group, we drilled into an additional 5 artificial bone blocks 60 times at the speed of 1,500 rpm with irrigation. The temperature changes during diameter 2 mm drilling were measured using thermocouples. Results: The mean maximum temperatures during drilling were $40.9^{\circ}C$ in the test group and $39.7^{\circ}C$ in the control group. Even though a statistically significant difference existed between the two groups, the low-speed drilling did not produce overheating. Conclusion: These findings suggest that low-speed drilling without irrigation may not lead to overheating during drilling.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2007

This study compared the histological patency rates of anastomoses of the femoral artery. Twelve rabbits weighing about 2 kg were studied. Both the right and left femoral arteries were cut. The control group had no damage to the vessel, saline irrigation, and micro-anastomosis. Experimental group I had a crush injury to the vessel, saline irrigation, and micro-anastomosis. Experimental group II had a crush injury, saline irrigation, 100 U/ml heparin irrigation, and micro-anastomosis. Experimental group III had the same treatment as experimental group II plus the systemic application of 100 U/kg heparin iv. The histological patency rates were compared. The patency rates of the control group 30 min and 3 days after the anastomosis were 100 and 83%, respectively. The respective rates for experimental groups I and II 30 min and 3 days after the anastomosis were 100% in all cases. The respective rates in experimental group III were 100 and 83%. In this study, no significant correlation was observed between the patency rate and the effects of local irrigation or the systemic application of heparin on the microvascular anastomosis of the rabbit femoral artery. However, the patency rate tended to decrease concomitantly with an increase in surgery time. Increased bleeding was observed after the systemic application of heparin. Obvious damage to the crush-injured vascular endothelium was detected on histologic examination of the micro-anastomosed area. In addition, some vessels subjected to crush injury contained thrombi attached to the vascular endothelium. No preventive effect of heparin on thrombus formation was observed.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2007

점적관수 자재 및 분수호스의 관수균일도 실험결과 사용압력과 배관길이에 따라 유출량의 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 점적관수 중에서는 점적단추의 관수 균일도가 가장 높았고, 점적테잎, 점적호스의 순으로 나타났다. 관의 직경과 길이 및 유량에 따라 다르지만 마찰에 의한 압력손실이 상당히 크므로 점적관수의 사용압력과 배관길이 선택에 주의할 필요가 있다. 제품에 따라 약간의 차이는 있었지만 대체로 점적호스는 50m, 점적테잎은 70m 정도를 최대 배관길이로 제한하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단되었다. 점적단추는 실험에서 설정한 최대길이인 100m까지도 사용이 가능한 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 관수시스템의 압력을 체크하여 충분한 압력을 확보하고 있는지 검토할 필요가 있고, 부족시 별도의 가압펌프를 설치하여 적정압력 범위를 만족할 수 있도록 하며 물구멍이 막히지 않도록 필터를 설치하고 수질을 관리하는 등의 유지관리가 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 분수호스의 경우에는 균등계수가 매우 낮아 균일한 관수를 기대할 수 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 균일한 관수 제어를 필요로 하는 높은 수준의 시설재배에서는 가능한 한 점적관수를 사용하고, 비교적 낮은 수준의 배지수분 관리가 이루어지는 시설재배에서도 분수호스를 이용할 경우 배관길이를 $30{\sim}35m$이내로 제한하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1975

고온기(高溫期)에 물관리(管理)를 방법(方法)의 효과(效果)를 알고져 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하였던바 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 물의 항시유괘관수(恒時流掛灌水) 함으로서 $1.5^{\circ}C$의 수온(水溫)을 저하(低下)시켰다. 2. 물을 항시유괘관수(恒時流掛灌水) 함으로서 뿌리의 양(量)을 많게 하였을뿐 아니라 지표부위(地表部位)에 뿌리의 분포(分布)를 많게 하여 지표(地表) 5cm하내(下內)의 뿌리의 분포량(分布量)이 항시담수구(恒時湛水區)에서는 40%에 비(比)하여 항시유괘관수구(恒時流掛灌水區)에서는 60%에 달(達)하였다. 3. 유괘관수구(流掛灌水區)에서 지엽장(止葉長) 및 지엽면적(止葉面積)이 증가(增加)되었다. 4. 유괘관수구(流掛灌水區)에서 성숙기(成熟期)의 엽량내(葉良內)에 전질소(全窒素) 및 규산(珪酸)의 함량(含量)이 많았다. 5. 항시유괘관수구(恒時流掛灌水區)에서 수수(穗數) 및 1수영화수(穗穎花數)를 증가(增加)시켜 수량증가(收量增加)를 가져왔다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2023

Salix gracilistyla is widely distributed along riversides in Korea and very good for biomass production by SRC because of its excellent germination ability, but it is necessary to measure drying tolerance for cultivation. The drought tolerance of S. gracilistyla was tested using cuttings, and growth and physiological analysis were performed after irrigation was stopped. The growth inhibition of S. gracilistyla was observed from the day irrigation was stopped, and the soil moisture content decreased to less than 10% on the 25th day after irrigation was stopped. Over 50% of the seedlings turned brown 25 days after watering was stopped. The chlorophyll content of S. gracilistyla decreased dramatically after 25 days of stopping of irrigation. RWC values were unchanged until day 12 after irrigation was stopped but decreased rapidly until day 21, but there was a slightly decreasing trend after that. RWL levels increased slightly during irrigation stops. The proline content of plants subjected to drought stress was 0.91-2.63 mg/0.05 g, 2.75 times higher than that of the control treatment. The sugar content of the drought stress treatment group was 29.77 to 350.66 mg/0.05 g, which increased 12.24 times that of the control treatment. As a result of this study, S. gracilistyla was found to have a drought tolerance almost comparable to that of evergreen broad-leaved trees growing on the land. This study is expected to contribute to the resource utilization S. gracilistyla, a native willow tree of Korea, and the mass production of biomass by SRC.