• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.179-198
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• 2017

The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (The Guidelines) was initially promulgated in 1976 as a form of annex to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. The Guidelines aims at accomplishing the implementation and dissemination of the Responsible Business Conduct. The latest version of The Guidelines, as revised in 2011, directed 47 adhering countries to The Guidelines to set up their respective National Contact Points (NCPs). NCPs are The Guidelines' dispute resolution mechanism for specific instances arising from breach by multinational enterprises of The Guidelines. Korea to date has its own NCP performing its role to offer good offices and facilitates settlement between the parties to the specific instances regarding The Guidelines. However, there has been strong criticism from NGOs and civil society that Korea NCP has not performed well due to lack of transparency and impartiality, especially in the context of the governance of Korea NCP. Under this circumstance, this paper ⅰ) examines current status and problems of Korea NCP, ⅱ) evaluates the core criteria for function and governance of NCPs through a comparative overseas cases study, and ⅲ) suggests improvement plans for Korea NCP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2020

In this study, based on the System Dynamics (SD) methodology, the interrelationship between the factors inherent in the operation of the New Technology Certification System (NTCS) in Korea was identified by a causal map containing a feedback loop mechanism in connection with 'new technology development investment', 'commercialization of new technology', and 'sales by new technology'. This conceptualized causal map was applied to the simulation of the operations of the New Excellent Technology and Environmental Technology Verification System (NET&ETV) run by the Ministry of Environment among various NTCSs in Korea. A SD computer simulation model was developed to analyze and predict the operational performance of the NET&ETV in terms of key performance indices such as 'sales by new technology'. Using this model, we predicted the future operational status the NET&ETV and found a policy leverage that greatly influences the operation of the NET&ETV. Also the sensitivity of the key indicators to changes in the external variables in the model was analyzed to find policy leverage.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2007

US is strengthening the information security by managing federal agency's information and information system systematically. For this purpose. US government put the Federal Information Security Management Act into the E Government Act of 2002. According to the FISMA, it is required to have information securitv management plan for all federal agencies. In addition that, OMB Circular A II requires all federal agencies to identity the ratio of information security investment. That is the basis of strengthening the information security of federal agency, This paper will compare the budget status and information security mechanism of Korea and US.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.453-472
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• 2016

As globalization is widely expanded in Islamic world as well as huge capital like oil-money is looking for new investment areas, our government should keep eyes on the current situation of Muslim market. This study will focus on the research of operation model of Islamic insurance. It will analysis on the institutional aspects of Islamic insurance(Takaful) system, which is a step further on the basis of these previous researches about Islamic finance. Takaful is conducted with various machanism such as Wakala, Mudarabah, Waqf. The mechanism can also be intermingled with one another to form other diverse contracts. However most of them are focused on basic conceptual elements of Islamic insurance system. As public interests in Islamic insurance are increasing these days, many Islam related literatures are issued accordingly. But most of them were focused on basic aspect of Islamic financial system or on the study of business management structure. The conceptual approach to evaluate the Islamic insurance market shall become the foundation of operation in conventional business law and regulation penetrate to the Islamic business environment. Therefore, the research of the operation model in Islamic insurance system as well as the search of trade engineering basis.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.691-717
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• 2008

The Kyoto Mechanisms allows a supplementary means for compliance, CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) and JI(Joint Implementation) projects. The investment in CDM projects is increasing rapidly as the first implementation period began in 2008. This paper seeks to determine factors affecting the price of primary CER using UNFCCC CDM Project Development Document(PDD) data. This study employs the Cluster analysis and the GLS(Generalized Least Squares) method.

• Bulletin of the Korea Photovoltaic Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2020

Sri Lanka has strongly understood the importance of mitigation of climate change and various measures have been taken. To tackle the climate change, after ratifying Paris Agreement, Sri Lanka has pledged to reduce her greenhouse gas emission in the energy sector by 20% (16% unconditional and 4% conditional) by 2030 based on the BAU scenario. Simultaneously, the government introduced its new energy policy and strategies in 2019 with a vision of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. This paper survey related key government documents, policies, reports, and academic articles to investigate opportunities for the private sector to invest large scale solar power deployment (10 MW or above) and to get support from climate finance under article 6 of the Paris Agreement. It has found, growing concern on the environment, energy security issues and increase import expenses for fossil fuels are the main influencing factors to move renewable sources. Further, government investment and FDI both have gradually decreased in the energy sector. Therefore, an alternative financing mechanism is needed. Although the private sector allowed investing in the energy sector since 1996 with the introduction of IPP (Independent Power Producers), it could not make considerable progress on involving large scale solar utility projects. This has revealed government policy is not aligning with the long term generation plan of the electricity sector. The study has also found, it needs more strategic road map, coordination with different institutions, monitoring system to enhance large scale solar contribution.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.406-408
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• 2000

Recently, Korea's electric industry is in the midst of a period of profound changes in the structure and function, including the introduction of market competition in the generation sector. Therefore, it is difficult to promote long-term capacity planning and new generating capacity construction which have been driven by KEPCO so far, after the introduction of market competition, so new generating capacity construction and security of reserve margin is needed through self·regulation plan of private generation producers by market mechanism. According to the competition in the generation sector, a new paradigm is necessary to the long-term capacity planning driven by the Government. This paper analyzes the plan and the incentive level able to guide the new generation capacity construction considering the uncertainty risk in a period of introduction of competition. In addition, this paper analyzes the plan able to guide the new capacity construction by market function at the stage which market become established and Government's role to solve the anxiety about the capacity supply and demand.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.89-112
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• 2014

This paper characterizes an optimal combination of grant and income-contingent loans (ICL) from efficiency and equity points of view as a government subsidy program for higher-education. In particular, we show that it is always desirable to introduce ICL for students regardless of their household incomes, and also provide arguments for the superiority of tax-financing system to loans with risk-premium as a financing mechanism of ICL. From policy point of view, this paper suggests a need for the extended coverage of our ICL system, while justifying its current tax-financing system.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.352-358
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• 2018

This research paper investigates available options for implementing clean development mechanism (CDM) project in Sarawak state, Malaysia. To investigate economic feasibility, data was collected using survey and field research methods. Also, economic analysis was estimated using net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period (PBP) during the 30 years CDM: afforestation and reforestation periods. The result of economic analysis indicated that, the payback period was estimated at 9 years with 18 percent of internal rate of return (IRR). This study also highlighted that CDM biomass supply project have a lot of challenges due to the reduction and exclusion of bio-Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF), supply and demand scenario, and impact of restriction of illegal logging in Malaysia. This study results demonstrate the methodology and guideline for future CDM investment and projects.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.927-939
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• 2012

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. Although green roof has already gained nation-wide recognition as a typical method of energy saving in the roof, this approach did not provide a realistic evidence that is economically feasible in terms of installation cost. This research is primarily intended to compare installation cost between the two techniques. This research proposes a comparative evaluation framework in a more objective and quantitative way for an installation cost between the two techniques. Kyungpook National University (KNU) was selected as a survey objective and an exhaustive and realistic comparison of installation cost between the two techniques was conducted, based on Life Cycle Cost analysis (initial investment cost, maintenance cost, dismantling and waste disposal expense). It was possible to identify that installation cost of cool roofs is 4.7 times cheaper than that of green roof. Also present value based on probabilistic approach was identified as 0.25 (4.95) higher than the installation cost on the assumption of constant price and interest. It is expected that much more installation cost for the large scale green roof will be required since small-size green roof selected as a survey objective in this study could be operated under less initial installation and maintenance condition.