• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.75-83
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• 2016

There are various types of disasters now, and accordingly it is practically difficult to manage all types of disasters effectively. If we are able to reconstruct the disaster event and investigate the cause, it may be possible to prepare the recurrence of similar patterns of disasters. The vehicle-based system equipped with state-of-the-art sensors has been proposed in order to reconstruct the disaster site as much as possible and help the disaster investigator to analyze the cause of the disaster by providing high-quality information. However, the data quality obtained from the sensors can be lowered due to unpredictable circumstances of disaster site. In this aspect it is essential to provide practical procedures that assess and analyze the performance of the equipment on site. In this paper, we selected critical elements of performance that can evaluate the vehicle-based image acquisition system, since it is the most critical piece of information in the disaster sites. The quality of the images obtained from vehicle-based image system was analyzed and verified on the test site. From the results of spatial resolution based on GRD(Ground Resolved Distance), we were able to identify maximum 5mm of spatial resolution at a distance of 70m distance. The result of field test is expected to be used for data acquisition plan in future disaster situations.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.44-53
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• 2018

Objectives This study sets out to examine treatment experiences of child patients with night crying based on the traditional Korean medicine. Also, the study traces the process in which clients chose traditional Korean medicine treatment, and proposes a possible future direction of Korean medicine treatment. Methods The investigator conducted a semi-standardized open-ended question interview with two main fosterers of a child who received traditional Korean medicine treatment for night crying, and examined two fosterers' experiences of a child with the traditional Korean medicine treatment. Their interviews were recorded with their facial expressions and acts for analysis. Collected data was analyzed based on the Grounded theory. Results The participants felt a sense of responsibility, worry, and fear for their children with night crying. They had easy access to traditional Korean medicine doctors who were in the community and had positive experiences with traditional Korean medicine treatment. They reported that some people had been forced to use traditional Korean medicine, had misunderstandings about traditional Korean medicine, and had prejudice that night crying is not a disease. They felt there was a room for improvement in terms of the high medical expenses and the absence of a cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine. Conclusions As the first qualitative study on night crying based on the traditional Korean medicine treatment, this study proposed a future direction for traditional Korean medicine treatment for night crying in the shoes of fosterers. The findings showed that the fosterers chose traditional Korean medicine treatment for night crying child based on their feelings, accessibility and experiences with traditional Korean medicine. Fosterers felt a need for improvement of the general public's perceptions about Korean medicine treatment on night crying, and a cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

Even though driving under the influence of drug (DUID) is a worldwide problem, we, Korea has no regulation system yet except for alcohol, and there are little cases reported related to DUID. In order to investigate the type of abused drugs for drivers in Korea, we tried to analyze controlled and non-controlled drugs in alcohol-positive blood samples. 275 whole bloods, which were positive for alcohol on the roadside test, were collected from the police for two months ($Nov.{\sim}Dec.$ 2006). The analytical strategy was constituted of three steps: First, alcohol in blood samples were confirmed and quantified by gas chromatography. Second, controlled drugs were screened by $Evidence_{investigator}\;^{TM}$ (Randox, U.K.) as preliminary test. It was based on immunoassay by biochip array analyzer. Nine groups of drug abuse were screened: amphetamines, methamphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, opiates, barbiturates, methadone, benzodiazepines I (oxazepam) & II (lorazepam). Finally, confirmation of these drugs was performed by GC-MS. Blood samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction by $RapidTrace^{TM}$ (Zymark, U.S.A.). After trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization, eluates were analyzed to GC-MS. Total 49 drugs were investigated in this study including controlled drugs, antidepressants, 1st generation antihistamines, dextromethorphan, nalbuphine, ketamine, etc. For rapid detection, we developed the automated identification system. It was made up a new software, "DrugMan", modified Chemstation data analysis menu and newly developed macro modules. A series of peak selection, identification and reporting of the results were performed automatically by this system. Concentrations of alcohol in 275 blood samples were ranged from 0.011 to 0.249% (average, 0.119%). Among 149 blood samples, just six samples (4.0%) were showed positive results to the immunoassay: one methamphetamine and five benzodiazepines group I. By GC-MS confirmation, only benzodiazepines were detected and methamphetamine was not detected from immunoassay positive blood sample. Besides these drugs, 5 chlorpheniramines, dextromethorphan, diazepam, doxylamine, ibuprofen, lidocaine and topiramate were also detected in whole bloods by GC-MS. Conclusively, the frequency of drug abuse for Korean drivers was relatively low. There was none case which illegal drug was detected. However these results were limited to alcohol positive blood samples, so it is necessary to analyze more samples including alcohol negative blood.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

When routine behavior control is impossible, midazolam is often used for sedation, because it has wide margin of safety, relatively few side-effects and multiple route of administration. Although intramuscular administration of all administration route is frequently used, it is a major source of anxiety, discomfort, and trauma in children. To the contrary, oral administration of midazolam is easily administered and accepted by children. But, it's therapeutic drug concentration has not been established. The purpose of this study was to compare sedation effect and physiologic parameter of oral midazolam which palliate demerits of intramuscular administration in sedating young pediatric patients with intramuscular midazolam Twelve negative children, mean age 62.5 months, who needed at least two separate restorative visits, requiring local anesthesia participated in this study On every visit, one of the following 2 different sedative regimen was given : (1) 0.30mg/kg midazolam by intramuscular administration (2) 0.75mg/kg by oral administration. Physiologic parameter(oxygen saturation, heart rate) was recorded by ten procedure and behavior was videotaped and rated using Ohio State University Behavior Rating Scale and Automated Counting System by one investigator, blind to administration route The analyzed sedative effect of oral midazolam resulted in good sedative effect, comparing to intramuscular route, And there is no statistically difference between oral and intramuscular administration of midazolam (p>0.05).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2011

Gastritis is the most common disease among Korean. The demand for the development of gastritis drugs has been increasing. Currently, however, there is no guideline available for the clinical evaluation of gastritis drugs worldwide. As a consequence, domestic and international pharmaceutical companies make errors in the drug development processes, and it becomes difficult for them to establish the scientific validity and objectivity of newly developed drugs. The objective of this study was to develop the Guideline for Clinical Trials Evaluation of Gastritis which can be used in improving the quality and consistency of clinical trials. First, we collected and reviewed the clinical trials on gastritis drugs that were available from Japan Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency and Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA), and investigated the recent research trends on clinical trials of gastritis drugs. Reviewers from KFDA and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation and scientific experts from the pharmaceutical industries developed the guidelines through regularly scheduled meetings. Opinions and consultation from academic fields and industry experts were also obtained. This project will provide the clinical trial practitioners, investigator and reviewers the scientific and rational guidelines for performance and evaluation of clinical trials for gastritis drugs. Furthermore, we hope this guideline contributes to establishing the national competitiveness, improving the quality of clinical trial, and encouraging researches on drug development for gastritis.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.55-65
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial success. For that purpose, the study carried out a survey among the students of Graduate School of Business & Entrepreneurship, the students of small business start-up education, and general people and reviewed the previous studies and literature with a focus on the characteristics and capabilities of entrepreneurial intention. The investigator identified the characteristic factors of entrepreneurial intention including entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial success, education, and mentor, set a research model and hypothesis for their relations with entrepreneurial success, and empirically analyzed and tested them. The empirical analysis results were summarized as follows: first, entrepreneurial methods and abilities of the variables of entrepreneurial intention turned out to have significant impacts on entrepreneurial success. Second, corporation determination, external factor, and internal factor of the variables of entrepreneurship turned out to have significant effects on entrepreneurial success. Third, re-education after success turned out to be the most influential entrepreneurial education factor on entrepreneurial success, which points to a need for constant education after setting up a business. Fourth, practical entrepreneurial mentors had the greatest influences on entrepreneurial success, being followed by successful entrepreneurial mentors and socially successful mentors in the order. One can have a vision to see a further future of his or her business and promote its growth by forming relationships with those who have more knowledge about the line of business and richer experiences in the field. The subjects overwhelmingly had a positive personality, which suggests that those who try to start a business tend to be positive and considerate of others.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.407-414
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• 2017

In order to identify an Convergence aerobic exercise's influence on obese female college students' Cardiorespiratory systems and arterial pulse wave Velocity, this study targeted female college students in D University in Y-gu, D-City, and selected total 26 ones having body fat percentage over 30% with no special disease in past and at present and no regular physical activity. After finally confirming their participation in this experiment by completely explaining the purpose of and contents of this experiment and getting the subjects' written contents to participate in the experiment, the investigator randomly arranged the subjects into the exercise group(N=13) and the control group(N=13) and conducted a 12-week aerobic exercise program to the exercise group this study got the following conclusion. First, concerning the body composition's change, the exercise group showed significant reduction in the weight, the body fat percentage, and the abdominal fat percentage. Second, for the respiratory & cardiovascular systems'change, the exercise group showed significant increase in the maximal oxygen uptake, the maximal heart rate, and the maximal breathing capacity. Third, for the arterial pulse wave Velocity's change, the exercise group showed significant reduction in the upper body(right and left hands) and lower body (right and left feet).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 1977

The maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) is one of the most widely used pulmonary function test, but its measuring method was very difficult and unreliable. However, it is need to get more easy and simple measuring method of MVV. Therefore, this study was attempted to get more easy and simple measuring method of MVV by means of the forced expiratory volume $(FEV_{T})$. The young and healthy 1,000 Korean students(592 male and 408 female) were cheesed for this purpose and whose ages were from 8 to 20 years. A spirometer (9L, Collins Co.) was used for the MVV and FEV, and they were measured 3 times at standing position, and the highest value was used. In the measurements, the subjects for MVV were asked for the breath as fast and deeply as possible for 12 seconds, and for FEV were asked for the rapid and forceful exhalation after a maximal inhalation (forced expiratory curve). In the FEV measurements toward the end of the expiration, the subjects were exhaused to continue the effort until no further gas was expired. During these measurements, the investigator stood by the subject to give a constant encouragement. FEV were calculated in the volume exhaled during the one-half $(FEV_{0{\cdot}5,}\;ml)$, the first second $(FEV_{1{\cdot}0,}\;ml)$ and the percentage of the total vital capacity exhaled during the one-half second $(FEV_{0{\cdot}5,}\;%)$. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The values of MVV were increased linearly with ages until 20 in both sexes. The values of male at the age of 20 was $168.2{\pm}2.5L/min$, and female at the age of 17 was $112.3{\pm}3.0L/min$, respectively. 2) The values of FEV (ml) were increased linearly with ages until 20 in both sexes. The values of $FEV_{0{\cdot}5}$ were $2,797{\pm}65.7ml$ in the male of 20 years and were $2,088{\pm}54.6ml$ in the female of 17 years, and of $FEV_{1{\cdot}0$ were $4,119{\pm}68.2ml$ in the male of 20 years and were $2,897{\pm}65.9ml$ in the female of 17 years, respectively. 3) The correlation coefficients between MVV and $FEV_{0{\cdot}5}\;or\;FEV_{1{\cdot}0$ (ml) were 0.82 or 0.85 in the male, and 0.77 or 0.79 in the female, respectively. 4) The prediction formulae for MVV to be derived from above results were: For male: MVV (L/min) =7.19+$0.05{\times}FEV_{0\cdot5}(ml)$, MVV (L/min)=11.25+$0.04{\times}FEV_{1\cdot0}(ml)$ For female: MVV (L/min)=16.03+$0.05{\times}FEV_{0\cdot5}(ml)$, MVV (L/min)=9.47+$0.03{\times}FEV_{1\cdot0}(ml)$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.249-254
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• 2007

The main bodies of housing markets of today need to carry out a systematic and objective feasibility analysis even from the step of planning in order to succeed in a diverse and complex market environment. Therefore, it is meaningful to understand this housing market environment and propose a necessary model for the feasibility analysis of hosing business. In this vein, the aim of this study was to extract an actual and practical feasibility analysis factor and its importance for housing market, and then present and apply a feasibility analysis factor model to an on-site example, in order to verify the model's validity. For this, the investigator interviewed with and carried out a questionnaire survey of experts in housing development projects. Study findings are as follows:First, the feasibility analysis factor, derived in this study, could provide a ground to evaluate the feasibility of subject projects in the planning of development through an analysis index. Second, when feasibility is under the level of carrying out the projects, it is possible to reexamine the projects through extracting analysis factors of which points are under the standard and via a feedback process for improvable analysis factors. Therefore, the result of applying the feasibility analysis model of this study to actual housing development projects analytically shows that the model could provide a practical evaluation criterion to the person in charge of project development through an analysis index.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.215-236
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• 2005

The Purpose of this study is that self-growth program searches effect self-concept and peer-relationship with elementary school student, and advance following assumption to achieve this purpose and achieved study. First, self-concept point of experiment group students who execute self-growth program will be improved is meaning than self-concept point of control group students. Second, peer-relationship point of experiment group students who execute self-growth program will be improved is meaning than peer-relationship point of control group students. Third, effect that self-growth program gets to self-concept may be meaning difference according to sex. Fourth, difference that impact that self-growth program gets in peer- relationship is meaning according to sex may join. Chose fifth-year student 2 class 68 people (experiment group n=34, control group n=34) in I primary school locating to Jeonrabuk-do Iksan-si to verify above construction for study target. Disposal about experiment group executed over 10th for 60-80 minute 2 times in a week because investigator uses reconstructing self-growth program with virtue research paper such as learning program for own growth of Lee-Hyeong-Deuk (1998). In order to verify the effect after experiment, 1 collected materials for estimation by providing the subject children with questionaires about self-concept and peer-relationship before and after the experiment, and then analyzed the average differences in number of marks between the experiment group and the control group before and after the experiment through and by using One-Way ANOVA, and SPSS 11.0 program. The following is the result what I obtained from the above study. First, there was significant difference is between average difference before and after of experiment group and control group which execute self-growth program in self-concept elevation ($F_{(1,66)} =28.734$, p <.001). From the sub-variable, there was significant difference in academic self ($F_{(1,66)}=6.423$, p<.05), Social Self ($F_{(1,66)}=48.331$, p<.001), Physical Self ($F_{(1,66)}=11.074$, p <.01), sentimental self ($F_{(1,66)}=9.402$, p <.01) Second, there was significant difference is average difference before and after of experiment group and control group which execute self-growth program in peer-relationship promotion ($F_{(1,66)}=24.109$, p <.001). From the sub-variable there W3S Significant difference in trust ($F_{(1,66)}=14.507$, p<.001), respect ($F_{(1,66)}=15.271$, p <.001). Third, there was expose that significant difference does not exist in average self-concept before and after by sex of experiment group which executes self-growth program, and was not shown significant difference in sub-vairable. Fourth, there was expose that significant difference of whole peer- relationship and in respect of sub-variable in average peer-relationship before-after by sex of experiment group which execute self-growth program, but significant difference did not appear in trust. Could get conclusion that self-growth program is effect in elementary school student self-concept elevation and peer-relationship promotion according to these study finding, and confirmed possibility that self-growth program may contribute to change emotional special quality of children positively in education spot.